Mooney 201 Specifications, Performance Data

extends in just seconds. The energy-absorbing rubber disc shock absorbers require no maintenance, and gear down speed has been increased to 150mph. The inboard gear doors help provide high cruise speeds. Buyer's Mooney Bonanza Cessna Turbo Arrow 201 F33A 210 Arrow III III 201 mph/ 209mph/ 201 mph/ 204m ph/ 175m ph/ 200hp 285hp 300hp 200hp 200hp 195m ph/ 196m ph/ 197mph/ 169mph/ 158mph/ 18.1mpg 13.6mpg 13.1 mpg 14.0mpg 15.5mpg 185mph 190mph 186mph 178mph 147mph 61 mph 61 mph 70mph 63mph 63mph 1,030 1,167 860 940 831 18,800 17,858 15,500 20,000 16,000 950 mile trip 692 lb. 758 lb. 1,098 lb. 749 lb. 686 lb. to elbow) 43.5" 45.5" 44.0" 42.0" 42.0" price, January, 1978 $43,500 $72,575 $63,950 $44,890 $40,650 anufacturers' information published in FAA-approved flight manuals. Performance may vary with conditions. Cabin measurements made by Mooney Aircraft Corporation on current production aircraft. Efficiency Mooney Bonanza Cessna Turbo Arrow uide * 201 F33A 210 Arrow III III at 8000'; mph) 195 196 197 169 158 ---- 200 285 300 200 200 ---- 97.5 68.8 65.7 84.5 79.0 ---- speed; mph) 195 196 197 169 158 ---- 10.8 14.4 15.0 12.1 10.2 ---- 18.1 13.6 13.1 14.0 15.5 ---- Output (payload, 950 mile trip; lb.) 692 758 1098 749 686 ---- 200 285 300 200 200 ---- 346 266 366 375 343 ---- rs' information published in FAA-approved flight manuals. Performance may vary with conditions. Defining Efficiency Efficiency is a technical term which is at the heart of any airplane's design. Pilots, aviation editors, and aircraft owners each have their own individual definitions of "efficiency." Often these definitions become so complex, they obscure simpler technical definitions of "efficiency." Technically, efficiency is a measure of how much you get out of a system relative to how much you put into the system. It may be expressed as a percentage: Efficiency = ~utPut X 100 nput For example, an automobile with a 100 hp engine may only deliver an effective 90 hp to the road, losing 10 hp in the transmission and drive shaft. The "efficiency" of this system would be 90%: Output = ~ X 100 = 90% Efficient Input 100 hp This simple definition takes into account all of the interwoven factors of the "system." In airplanes these factors become more complex. Wing span, wing loading, power, range, handling characteristics, and the aerodynamics of the external parts all influence the airplane's efficiency. If the input and output are not both horsepower, as in the above equation, the relationship is not true efficiency. An "efficiency index" can be used when comparing inputs and outputs that are not the same. Efficiencyby Roy Lopresti An efficiency index can be used to relate a number of performance items. "Speed efficiency index" is one such measure. Increased speed without increased power results in increased range, payload, and fuel efficiency. The speed efficiency index of the Mooney 201 is 975, or: Output = 195 miles per hour X 100 = 975 Input 200 hp "Fuel efficiency index" can be derived from the familiar miles-per-gallon measurement (miles traveled divided by gallons consumed). This index is simply a measurement of output (distance covered per hour) divided by input (gallons or pounds per hour put into the system), or: Output 195 miles/hr. 181'1 / I = = . ml es ga . Input 10.8 gals. /hr. "Payload efficiency index" is another useful measurement. It shows how much a given system will carry (output) in relation to the horsepower, or input. In the case of a Mooney 201 for a 950 mile trip, a payload of 692 pounds may be carried (allowing for fuel and IFR equipment). Divided by the 201's system input of 200 hp, the payload efficiency would be: Output = 692 lb. payload x 100 = 346 Input 200 hp The three basic efficiency index measurements (speed, range and payload) for the 201 and other popular retractables are listed below. There's also extra space for you to compute these for other ai rcraft. What mak~sth~ 201 so ~ffici~nt? The callouts on the cutaway drawing below highlight the most important ways in which Mooney was able to derive a little over 1 mph top speed for each horsepower. Your Mooney Marketing Center will be glad to show you these design features on the real thing ... a new 201. ••-IJ""""'/ -I _~~ - ---:-;,Jr:'r , '~ The combined drag of two bodies which are in close proximity is often higher than the sum drag of the individual parts: this "extra drag" is called interference drag. Mooney paid close attention to designing fairings for the flap hinges, horizontal stabilizers, and other areas to reduce this drag. Leakage drag is caused by air flowing to areas where you don't want it to go. For example, high air pressure from the bottom of the wing "leaking" through flap or aileron gaps to the lower pressure top of the wing results in some drag from the leakage flow itself. In addition, the leakage flow exits the leakage path and disturbs the primary flow causing more drag. Gap seals on flaps and control surfaces reduce the 201's leakage drag, and provide for better control as well. There are no unnecessary protuberances in the 201. For instance, a low drag electric OAT is used instead of the traditional "meat thermometer" guage sticking through the windshield. The landing gear leg and brake lines are covered with an inboard gear door. The forward half of the wing on both upper and lower surfaces are flush riveted. Inspection panels on the lower surface are flush mounted. Skin friction drag is a function of square feet of airplane surface exposed to airflow. There's virtually no "fat" in a 201 's surface area, hence, minimum skin friction drag . Air flowing inside the engine cowling creates a large portion of total airplane drag. Mooney's system of internal aerodynamics uses less air more efficiently and provides even cooling to each cylinder. A Basic Aerodynamic Efficiency Glossary Aspect ratio: A non-dimensional number determined by squaring the span of the wing, and dividing by the wing area, or: Aspect ratio =~2 area For the 201, the ratio is 7.33: . _ (35)2_ Aspect ratio -167 - 7.33 For a rectangular wing, aspect ratio is the ratio of span to chord. The higher the aspect ratio, the lower the induced drag. Gliders have the highest aspect ratios, and military fighters and delta wing aircraft like the SST have the lowest. Cooling drag: The amount of drag caused by the cooling airflow through the engine cowling. Slowing the air down, ducting it around the cylinders, and then speeding it up again as it leaves the cowling results in a net loss of energy and creates drag. This drag is probably the most significant single drag item on piston airplanes .. Efficiency: The measurement of a system's output divided by its input. Induced drag: Drag induced by lift. In creating lift, a wing creates vortices beginning at the wingtip. These vortices induce downward flow of air ahead of the airplane. To fly in "down" air a higher aircraft attitude is needed; this higher attitude results in induced drag. Interference drag: The drag caused by the mutual interference of two or more bodies in close proximity. Body "1\' may produce 10 pounds of drag, and Body "B" may produce 15 pounds. But together "1\' + "B" may produce a total of 45 pounds of drag. The "extra" drag, in this case, 20 pounds, is interference drag. Interference drag is reduced by careful attention to basic design as well as use of fillets to smooth (and reduce) interference patterns. Leakage drag: Drag caused by airflow through parts of an aircraft, such as a poorly sealed cabin door, control surfaces, etc. Leakage drag disturbs the airflow around it, and may reduce a control surface's effectiveness. Aerodynamic Efficiency: A measure of aerodynamic output to input generally expressed as lift-to-drag ratio (see below). LifHo-Drag (LID): Measure of overall aerodynamic efficiency. The higher the LID the greater the range and glide ratio. The higher the LID the less power needed for level flight. LID is equivalent in a power-off situation to glide angle. Gliders have very high LID ratios. Airplanes with high aspect ratios usually have high LID. An interesting fact about an airplane's maximum LID (or glide angle) is that it is only dependent on the airplane's external shape and it is totally independent of weight. The 201's max LID (or max glide angle) is about 11 to 1, and at any weight. Skin Friction Drag: Drag caused by airflow contact with surface or skin area. The more skin or surface area, the more drag. Miscellaneous Drag: Drag caused by protuberances such as an OAT gauge, exposed landing gear parts, tail skid, etc. Trim Drag: In cruise, the horizontal stabilizer is providing a lift force, (usually a down force for conventional aircraft) to keep the aircraft in a cruise attitude. The drag that is caused by this balancing or trim force is called Trim Drag.