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PIPER ARCHER PA-28-181 PILOT’S CHECKLIST

Piper PA-28 Dakota · Emergency Procedures

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Overview

This document is a pilot's checklist for the Piper Archer PA-28-181, providing essential procedures for various phases of flight including takeoff, landing, and emergency situations. It is designed to assist pilots in conducting preflight inspections, engine starts, and in-flight operations. The checklist includes critical airspeeds, power settings, and emergency procedures to ensure safe operation of the aircraft. It serves as a quick reference for pilots to follow during their flight operations, ensuring compliance with safety protocols and enhancing situational awareness.

  • Normal rotation speed: 60 KIAS
  • Climb-out speed: 76 KIAS
  • Best rate of climb (Vy): 76 KIAS
  • Best angle of climb (Vx): 64 KIAS
  • Maximum demonstrated crosswind: 17 KTS
  • Engine failure during flight: maintain 76 KIAS and switch tanks
  • Preflight inspection: check fuel, control surfaces, and security of the aircraft

Document

Source

Originally published by www.mga.edu. Sprinkle hosts a reference copy with an added summary, specifications and searchable full text.

View original at www.mga.edu

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Document details

Type
Emergency Procedures
Year
2025
Pages
7
File size
331 KB
Publisher
www.mga.edu
Documentation completeness
4/7

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In this document

Takeoff Procedures

The checklist outlines normal rotation at 60 KIAS and climb-out speed at 76 KIAS. It specifies airspeeds for various takeoff scenarios, including short field and soft field takeoffs, with detailed instructions on flap settings and throttle management.

Emergency Procedures

This section details procedures for engine failure during flight, including restart attempts and power-off landing protocols. It emphasizes maintaining an airspeed of 76 KIAS during emergencies and outlines steps for handling engine roughness and loss of oil pressure.

Preflight Inspection

The preflight inspection checklist covers both interior and exterior checks, ensuring all systems are operational and the aircraft is secure. Key items include checking fuel quantity, control surfaces, and the condition of the aircraft's structure.

Cruise and Descent

During cruise, pilots are advised to lean the mixture as required and monitor engine gauges. The descent procedures include managing airspeed and throttle settings to ensure a controlled approach.

Landing Procedures

Landing procedures specify flap settings and airspeeds for different landing scenarios, including normal and balked landings. It emphasizes the importance of managing airspeed and configuration during the approach.

Safety notes

  • Always verify that the emergency battery switch is armed before starting the engine.
  • In case of an engine fire during start, continue cranking the engine and follow the appropriate procedures to extinguish the fire.

Full document text

ARCHER III W / G 1000 PA-28-181 PILOT’S CHECKLIST 2025 09012025.final.npc / page 1 PIPER ARCHER PA-28-181 TAKEOFF Normal Rotation .....................................60 KIAS Normal Climb-Out. ..................................76 KIAS CRUISE CLIMB Best Rate of Climb (Vy)............................76 KIAS Best Angle of Climb (Vx)..........................64 KIAS En Route Climb........................................87 KIAS BALKED LANDING, GO AROUND Maximum Power, Flaps 25°.....................64 KIAS MANEUVERING SPEED (Max. Recommended. Turbulent Air Penetration Speed) 2550 LBS................................................113 KIAS 1917 LBS..................................................89 KIAS MAX DEMONSTRATED CROSSWIND Takeoff or Landing....................................17 KTS (Vfe)………………………………......................102 KIAS PREFLIGHT INTERIOR Aircraft Documents……......ON BOARD & VISIBLE Control Wheel..............................................FREE Parking Brake.................................................SET All Instrument Panel and Overhead switches.........................................................OFF Mixture..........................................IDLE CUT-OFF LEFT/RIGHT Magneto Switches…..................OFF Batt Master Switch.........................................ON Interior Lighting (Night)............................CHECK Pitot Heat…………………………............................ON FUEL QTY Indications................................CHECK Exterior Lighting Switches…….……..ON/CHECKED Pitot/Static Head.......................CHECK – WARM Stall Warning Horn....................................CHECK Exterior Lighting Switches…….…………………….OFF PITOT HEAT Switch........................................OFF PITOT HEAT OFF Message........................CHECK BATT Master Switch......................................OFF Flaps........................................................EXTEND Primary Flight Controls........FREE AND CORRECT Trim.............................................. SET NEUTRAL Pitot and Static Drains...................DRAIN, CLOSE Window........................................CHECK, CLEAN Baggage Door...........................CLOSE & SECURE PREFLIGHT EXTERIOR RIGHT WING Surface Condition........................FREE OF ICE, FROST, SNOW Flaps, Ailerons........................CHECK MOVEMENT, SECURITY Hinges..........................................CHECK FOR INTERFERENCE Static Wicks ............................................................CHECK (3) Wing Tip and Lights......................................................CHECK Fuel Tank...................CHECK SUPPLY VISUALLY, SECURE CAP Fuel Tank sump............................................................DRAIN (Check for WATER, SEDIMENT, & PROPER FUEL TYPE) Fuel Vent......................................................................CLEAR Wing Tie Down and/or Chocks……….................……..REMOVE Main Gear Strut...............................................CHECK (4.5 in) Tire...............................................................................CHECK Brake Block and Discs..................................................CHECK Fresh Air Inlet..............................................................CLEAR NOSE SECTION General Condition.......................................................CHECK Engine Cowling..........................................................SECURE Windshield...................................................................CLEAN Engine Oil......................................CHECK LEVEL (MIN 6 QTS) Dipstick.....................................................PROPERLY SEATED Oil Filler Inspection Door............................................SECURE Propeller and Spinner..................................................CHECK Air Inlets.......................................................................CLEAR Chock........................................................................REMOVE Nose Gear Strut............................................CHECK (3.25 in.) Nose Wheel Tire...........................................................CHECK Fuel Strainer.................................................................DRAIN (Check for WATER, SEDIMENT, & PROPER FUEL TYPE) LEFT WING Surface Conditions......................FREE OF ICE, FROST, SNOW Fresh Air Inlet...............................................................CLEAR Main Gear Strut..............................................CHECK (4.5 in.) Tire...............................................................................CHECK Brake Block and Discs...................................................CHECK Fuel Tank Sump............................................................DRAIN (Check for WATER, SEDIMENT, & PROPER FUEL TYPE) Fuel Vent......................................................................CLEAR Tie Down and Chock.................................................REMOVE Fuel Tank................................CHECK VISUALLY, SECURE CAP Pitot Mast..............................REMOVE COVER, HOLES CLEAR Wingtip and Light.........................................................CHECK Flaps, Ailerons........................CHECK MOVEMENT, SECURITY Hinges..........................................CHECK FOR INTERFERENCE Static Wicks ............................................................CHECK (3) FUSELAGE Antennas......................................................................CHECK Empennage.................................FREE OF ICE, FROST, SNOW Stabilator and Trim Tab................CHECK FOR INTERFERENCE Rudder..................................NO DAMAGE or INTERFERENCE Static Wicks ............................................................CHECK (3) Tail Tie Down............................................................REMOVE Final Walk Around.................................................COMPLETE 09012025.final.npc / page 2 BEFORE START

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Preflight Inspection............................COMPLETE Flaps.......................................................RETRACT Cabin Door............................CLOSE AND SECURE Seats ………...............................................ADJUST Seat Belts and Harnesses…..........FASTEN, CHECK Brakes.............................................................SET Circuit Breakers ...............................................IN Carburetor Heat/Alternate Air.......................OFF Alternate Static Source..................................OFF All Electrical Switches....................................OFF BATT MASTER................................................OFF AVIONICS MASTER.........................................OFF Fuel Selector..................................DESIRED TANK Passenger Briefing (SAFETY)……………..COMPLETE EMERG BATT Switch.....................................ARM Standby Instruments and PFD operate.....VERIFY E VOLTS Indication...................23.3 VOLTS (Min) BATT MASTR Switch........................................ON STARTING ENGINE Alternator Switch.............................................ON Electric Fuel Pump........................................... ON Magneto Switches............................................ON Strobe Lights………………………………………...........ON CARBURETED: Throttle............................................... 1/4" OPEN Mixture...........................................…….FULL RICH Primer..............................................AS REQUIRED Propeller Area.............................................CLEAR Starter...................................................…ENGAGE FUEL INJECTED: COLD ENGINE Throttle............................................... 1/4" OPEN Mixture…………..…………..RICH, THEN IDLE CUTOFF Propeller Area.............................................CLEAR Starter...............................................…….ENGAGE Mixture…………..……………..…….….…..…….ADVANCE FUEL INJECTED: HOT ENGINE Throttle..........................…..………..……. 1/2" OPEN Mixture............................................IDLE CUT-OFF Propeller Area.............................................CLEAR Starter...............................................…….ENGAGE Mixture…………..…………………….....………..ADVANCE IF ENGINE DOES NOT START………..…………..PRIME After engine starts: Throttle……………………………ADJUST TO 1000 RPM Oil Pressure…………………..……………….……...CHECK STARTING ENGINE WHEN FLOODED Throttle ………………………………………………….…………..OPEN FULL Alternator switch……………………………………………………….…….ON Electric Fuel Pump…………………………………………………………..OFF Magneto switches……………………………………………………………ON Strobe Lights…………………………………………………………………….ON Mixture……………………………………………………………IDLE CUT-OFF Propeller Area…………………………………………………………....CLEAR Starter……………………………………………………………………..ENGAGE Mixture (when engine starts)………………………………..ADVANCE Throttle………………………………………………ADJUST TO 1000 RPM Oil Pressure ……………………………………………………………….CHECK Ammeter…………………………………………………………………….CHECK TAXI Taxi Area.........................................................................CLEAR Parking Brake..............................................................RELEASE Throttle.............................................................APPLY SLOWLY Brakes.............................................................................CHECK Steering..........................................................................CHECK Flight Instruments..........................................................CHECK Ailerons..........................................SET TO WIND CONDITIONS AFTER STARTING ENGINE Throttle………………………………………………………….800-1200 RPM Avionics Master Switch……………………………..………………..…..ON Strobe Lights………………………………..………………………………….FIN NAV Lights…………………………………………………………….ON (night) Fuel Pump…………………………………..………………..………………..OFF Mixture…………………………………....…FULL RICH BELOW 5000FT. Flaps………………………………………………………………….……………..UP Radios ……………………………………..………………….….SET AND TEST Flight Instruments ………………………………....…………..CHECK/SET a. Set fuel level on MFD b. Check engine gauges on engine page on MFD c. Annunciator press to test d. Verify database is up to date e. Set altitude and heading Transponder………………………...…………..…………..……….GROUND Fuel Selector ……………………....SWITCH TANKS; Fuel Pump OFF Dispatch……………………………………..…………………….. .RAMP OUT ENGINE FIRE DURING START Starter………………………………….. CONTINUE TO CRANK ENGINE Mixture…………………………………..…………….…………IDLE CUT-OFF Throttle ……………………………………………………….….…………..OPEN Electric Fuel Pump…………………………………………………………..OFF Fuel Selector ……………………………………..…………………………..OFF ABANDON IF FIRE CONTINUES ENGINE START WITH EXTERNAL POWER REFER TO POH 09012025.final.npc / page 3 RUNUP Brakes/Parking Brake...................HOLD AND SET Mixture................................................FULL RICH Throttle................................................2000 RPM Magnetos..................................................CHECK (max drop 175 rpm, max difference 50 rpm) If out of limits: At 2000 RPM lean and hold 20– 30 sec. Monitor CHT/oil temp; do NOT overheat or exceed limits. Enrich Mixture & recheck Magnetos limits…if still exceeding → SQUAWK Ammeter...................................................CHECK Oil Temperature........................................CHECK Oil Pressure...............................................CHECK Fuel Pressure/Flow……..............................CHECK Annunciator Panel........................PRESS TO TEST Carburetor Heat/Alternate Air..................CHECK (CH-75 RPM/AA-40 RPM drop) Throttle................. IDLE CHECK THEN 1000 RPM Auto-Pilot ……………....................................CHECK a. Heading left, right, center b. Altitude climb, descent, level, and overpower c. Check auto trim can be turned off d. AP disconnect Controls........................................................FREE Trim ......................................................NEUTRAL Crew Takeoff Briefing.........................COMPLETE BEFORE TAKEOFF Flight Instruments (standby)..............CHECK/SET Radios and Avionics...........................................SET Transponder......................................................SET Engine Gauges..........................................CHECK Fuel Quantity………………………………....SUFFICIENT Fuel Selector ................................FULLEST TANK BATT MASTR / ALTR Switch............................ON FUEL PUMP.....................................................ON LEFT/RIGHT Magnetos....................................ON Landing Light...................................................ON Strobe Light ....................................................ON Carburetor Heat/Alternate Air......................OFF Friction Handle...................................................SET Mixture...........................................................SET Flaps ..............................................................SET Trim ......................................................NEUTRAL Warning Lights.............................................CHECK Seat ...........................................ADJUST/SECURE Belts/Harnesses...................................FASTENED Crew Takeoff Briefing.....................AS REQUIRED Air Conditioner (if installed)..........................OFF Doors and Windows.............CLOSED & LATCHED Parking Brake.........................................RELEASE ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF If sufficient runway remains for a complete stop: Airspeed....................................MAINTAIN SAFE AIRSPEED Landing.........................LAND and STOP STRAIGHT AHEAD Brakes............................................................AS REQUIRED If insufficient runway remains: Airspeed....................................MAINTAIN SAFE AIRSPEED Flaps..............................................................AS REQUIRED ( Make only shallow turns to avoid obstructions) If sufficient altitude to attempt a restart: Airspeed..................................................................76 KIAS Fuel Selector..............................SWITCH to FULLEST TANK Electric Fuel Pump..............................................CHECK ON Mixture............................................................CHECK RICH Carburetor Heat/Alternate Air…………….……………ON/OPEN IF POWER IS NOT REGAINED, PROCEED WITH POWER OFF LANDING NORMAL TAKEOFF Flaps................................................................................0° Throttle.......................................................................FULL Rotate ....................................................................60 KIAS Climb Speed............................................................76 KIAS SHORT FIELD TAKEOFF 25° FLAPS Flaps...............................................................................25° Brakes..........................................................APPLY & HOLD Throttle...........................................................FULL POWER Engine Gauges..........................................................CHECK Brakes....................................................................RELEASE Rotate .....................................................................55 KIAS Climb Speed over Obstacle.....................................64 KIAS Climb Speed............................................................76 KIAS Flaps........................................................SLOWLY RETRACT Climb Speed............................................................76 KIAS HIGH DENSITY ALTITUDE ENGINE LEANING FOR TAKEOFF Brakes..........................................................APPLY & HOLD Throttle..........................................................FULL POWER Mixture……….………………………..……LEAN FOR BEST POWER Leave the mixture in this position for takeoff. Do not overheat the engine when operating with mixture leaned. If overheating occurs, enrich the mixture enough that temperature returns to normal. SOFT FIELD TAKEOFF 25° FLAPS Flaps..………..……………………………………………………..……..25° Elevator Control…….……………………………………… TAIL LOW Throttle……….…………………………………..ADVANCE SLOWLY Engine Gauges.………………………………………….………..CHECK Accelerate………………… IN GROUND EFFECT TO CLIMB SPEED Climb Speed with Obstacle………..…………………..….64 KIAS Climb Speed without Obstacle…….…………………….76 KIAS Flaps………...………………………………….……SLOWLY RETRACT 09012025.final.npc / page 4 ENROUTE CLIMB (at 1000 AGL) Airspeed......................................................87 KIAS Throttle..................................................FULL OPEN Mixture………………………………….LEAN AS REQUIRED Landing Light.....................................................OFF Flaps....................................................................UP CRUISE Power ................................................................SET Trim....................................................................SET Mixture.....................................LEAN AS REQUIRED Electric Fuel Pump.............................................OFF Fuel Pressure................................................CHECK Engine Gauges..............................................CHECK APPROACH ATIS/AWOS..................................................CHECK Altimeter...........................................................SET Nav Instruments............................................... SET Stations....................................................IDENTIFY HSI.....................................................................SET Mode..................................................VLOC or GPS Comm Radios....................................................SET Approach Briefing.................................COMPLETE Before Landing Checklist.......................COMPLETE Backup Nav & Radios...........................AS DESIRED DESCENT - NORMAL Mixture.................................. ENRICH GRADUALLY Throttle................ AS REQUIRED.(2500 RPM MAX) Airspeed................. AS REQUIRED (122 KIAS MAX) Carburetor Heat................................AS REQUIRED DESCENT - POWER OFF Throttle.........................................................CLOSE Airspeed............................................AS REQUIRED Mixture..............................................AS REQUIRED Power......VERIFY WITH THROTTLE EVERY 30 SECONDS Carburetor Heat……...........................AS REQUIRED BEFORE LANDING Seat ..............................................ADJUST/SECURE Belts/Harnesses.............................FASTEN/CHECK Electric Fuel Pump.............................................ON Fuel Selector ...................................FULLEST TANK Mixture...................................................FULL RICH Landing Light.....................................................ON Carburetor Heat/Alternate Air..........AS REQUIRED Air Conditioning (if installed)............................OFF LANDING Power ...............................................AS REQUIRED Flaps.............................................BELOW 102 KIAS Airspeed….70 KIAS ON FINAL (65 for Short/ Soft Field) Braking..............................................AS REQUIRED BALKED LANDING, GO - AROUND Mixture…………………………….………VERIFY FULL RICH Throttle..............................................FULL POWER Flaps..............................................RETRACT TO 25° Airspeed......................................................64 KIAS Climb Speed..........76 KIAS AFTER OBSTACLE CLEARED Flaps............................................SLOWLY RETRACT AFTER LANDING Flaps................................................................................UP Transponder.........................................................GROUND Fuel Pump.....................................................................OFF Landing Lights....................................OFF (Except at Night) Strobe Lights ..................................................................FIN Mixture................................................RICH BELOW 5000ft. Ailerons.....................................SET TO WIND CONDITIONS SECURING AIRCRAFT Strobe and Nav Lights....................................................OFF Electrical Equipment (Fans, AC, Pitot Heat, etc.)...........OFF Avionics Master Switch..................................................OFF Throttle................................................................1000 RPM Mixture...........................................................IDLE CUT-OFF WAIT FOR PROP TO STOP COMPLETELY Magnetos ......................................................................OFF Alternator Switch...........................................................OFF Master Switch................................................................OFF EMERG BATT..................................................................OFF Parking Brake.................................................................OFF Tiedowns or Chocks.................................................SECURE Trash......................................................................REMOVE (If in windy conditions, secure control wheel with seatbelts) EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT RESTART PROCEDURES Airspeed..................................................................76 KIAS Fuel Selector ..............................................SWITCH TANKS Electric Fuel Pump.........................................................ON Mixture........................................................................RICH Carburetor Heat/Alternate Air.......................................ON LEFT/RIGHT MAG Switches............................ OFF then ON one at a time IF POWER IS NOT RESTORED, PREPARE FOR POWER OFF LANDING POWER OFF LANDING Airspeed................................................MAINTAIN 76 KIAS Air Conditioning (if installed)……...................................OFF Landing Pattern.......................................ESTABLISH When committed to landing: Airspeed..................................................................66 KIAS Flaps.................................................................AS DESIRED THROTTLE..................................................................CLOSE MIXTURE.......................................................IDLE CUT-OFF LEFT/RIGHT MAG Switches...........................................OFF BATT MASTR Switch......................................................OFF ALTR Switch..................................................................OFF FUEL Selector................................................................OFF 09012025.final.npc / page 5 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES CONTINUED FIRE IN FLIGHT ELECTRICAL FIRE (Smoke in Cabin) EMERG BATT Switch...........................VERIFY ARM Master Switch..................................................OFF Alternator Switch.............................................OFF Vents.............................................................OPEN Cabin Heat........................................................OFF Fire.....................................................EXTINGUISH. LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICAL ENGINE FIRE Fuel Selector ....................................................OFF Throttle......................................................CLOSED Mixture.............................................IDLE CUT-OFF Electric Fuel Pump................................CHECK OFF Heater..............................................................OFF Defroster..........................................................OFF IF FIRE PERSISTS USE AIRSPEED AS REQUIRED TO EXTINGUISH FIRE PROCEED WITH POWER OFF LANDING PROCEDURE ELECTRICAL FAILURES NOTE: Anytime the bus voltage is below 25 Vdc, the low bus voltage Annunciator will be illuminated. ALT ANNUNCIATOR LIGHT ILLUMINATED: Ammeter...............CHECK TO VERIFY INOP. ALTERNATOR IF AMMETER SHOWS ZERO: Alternator Switch........................................................OFF Electrical Load...............................REDUCE TO MINIMUM Alternator Circuit Breaker....................CHECK AND RESET AS REQUIRED Alternator Switch.........................................................ON IF POWER NOT RESTORED: Alternator Switch........................................................OFF Electrical Load.....................................................REDUCE. LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICAL ELECTRICAL OVERLOAD (Alternator over 20 amps above known electrical load) Alternator Switch.........................................................ON Master Switch.............................................................OFF IF ALTERNATOR LOADS ARE REDUCED: Electrical Load...............................REDUCE TO MINIMUM LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICAL NOTE: Due to increased system voltage and radio frequency noise, operation with ALT switch ON and BATT switch OFF should be made only when required by an electrical system failure. IF ALTERNATOR LOADS ARE NOT REDUCED: Alternator Switch........................................................OFF Master Switch..............................................AS REQUIRED LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. ANTICIPATE COMPLETE ELECTRICAL FAILURE. ENGINE FIRE DURING START Starter.....................CONTINUE to CRANK ENGINE Mixture.............................................IDLE CUT-OFF Throttle.........................................................OPEN Electric Fuel Pump .......................................... OFF Fuel Selector....................................................OFF ABANDON IF FIRE CONTINUES ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF If sufficient runway remains for a complete stop: Airspeed.......................MAINTAIN SAFE AIRSPEED Landing............LAND and STOP STRAIGHT AHEAD Brakes..............................................AS REQUIRED If insufficient runway remains: Airspeed.......................MAINTAIN SAFE AIRSPEED Flaps.................................................AS REQUIRED ( Make only shallow turns to avoid obstructions) If sufficient altitude has been gained to attempt a restart: Airspeed.....................................................76 KIAS Fuel Selector.........SWITCH to tank containing fuel Electric Fuel Pump............................................ON Mixture...........................................................RICH If power is not regained, proceed with power-off landing. 09012025.final.npc / page 6 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES CONTINUED ENGINE ROUGHNESS Carburetor Heat/Alternate Air...........................ON IF ROUGHNESS CONTINUES >l MIN: Carburetor Heat/Alternate Air.........................OFF Mixture.......................ADJUST MAX SMOOTHNESS Electric Fuel Pump.............................................ON Fuel Selector....... ...........................SWITCH TANKS Engine Gauges..............................................CHECK Magneto Switch....................L THEN R THEN BOTH If operation is satisfactory on either magneto, continue on that magneto at reduced power and full RICH mixture to first airport. PREPARE FOR POWER OFF LANDING LOSS OF OIL PRESSURE Land as Soon as Practical and Investigate the Cause. Prepare for Power off Landing LOSS OF FUEL PRESSURE Electric Fuel Pump.............................................ON Fuel Selector ..............................................SWITCH HIGH OIL TEMPERATURE Land at Nearest Airport and Investigate the Problem Prepare For Power Off Landing OPEN DOOR If both upper and lower latches are open, the door will trail slightly open and airspeeds will be reduced slightly. TO CLOSE DOOR IN FLIGHT: Airspeed..............................................................87 KIAS Cabin Vents...........................................................CLOSE Storm Window......................................................OPEN If Top Latch is open..............................................LATCH If Side Latches Are Open..........................PULL ON ARM REST WHILE MOVING LATCH HANDLE TO LATCHED POSITION If Both Latches Are Open ……………...LATCH SIDE LATCH THEN TOP SPIN RECOVERY Throttle....................................................................IDLE Control Wheel.......................................FULL FORWARD Ailerons............................................................NEUTRAL Rudder....FULL OPPOSITE TO DIRECTION OF ROTATION Rudder.....................NEUTRAL WHEN ROTATION STOPS Control Wheel.....SMOOTHLY REGAIN LEVEL FLIGHT ATTITUDE EMERGENCY DESCENT Mixture………………………………………………..FULL RICH Throttle............................................................IDLE Flaps………………………………………………………..………UP Airspeed……………………………………………..….120 KIAS Bank………………………………………..………………..30-45°

All Piper PA-28 Dakota emergency procedures