Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course

gradually accelerate to normal lift-off and climb-out speed, and there are no obstructions along the takeoff path. Objective: Develop the skills necessary to perform normal and crosswind takeoffs. Procedure: 1 > Taxi the airplane onto the runway centerline 2 > Ensure the aircraft heading matches the charted runway heading 3 > Apply proper crosswind correction with the ailerons 4 > Hold the brakes (unless executing an “immediate takeoff”) 5 > Throttle to 2000 RPM 6 > Verify that the engine instruments all indicate in the normal range 7 > Release the brakes 8 > Apply full throttle 9 > Apply appropriate control inputs to correct for crosswind and torque effects 10 > Verify the airspeed is “alive” 11 > At 75 KIAS, rotate smoothly and allow the airplane to fly off the ground 12 > After liftoff, crab into the wind to maintain the runway centerline track 13 > Accelerate to VY (78 KIAS, gear down at MTOW) 14 > After a positive rate of climb is established, tap the brakes and retract the landing gear 15 > Accelerate to VY (90 KIAS, gear up at MTOW) 16 > 800 feet AGL, or higher safe altitude, transition to a cruise climb (104 KIAS at MTOW) 17 > Execute the climb checklist Notes: When checking the engine instruments, include the tachometer to make sure sufficient power is being produced. Factor such as heat and altitude will affect engine performance. Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 5 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 6 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 7 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 SOFT-FIELD TAKEOFF AND CLIMB References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The takeoff technique when the runway is soft, rough, grass, dirt, etc. Objective: Develop the skills necessary to perform takeoffs on soft or unimproved runways. Procedure: 1 > Extend the flaps to the 25O position 2 > Position the control wheel full aft and apply the proper crosswind correction with the ailerons 3 > Taxi the airplane onto the runway centerline 4 > Ensure the aircraft heading matches the charted runway heading 5 > Throttle to 2000 RPM 6 > Verify that the engine instruments all indicate in the normal range 7 > Apply full throttle 8 > Apply appropriate control inputs to correct for crosswind and torque effects 9 > Verify the airspeed is “alive” 10 > Lift off at minimum airspeed 11 > After liftoff, lower the nose to remain in ground effect 12 > Crab into the wind to maintain the runway centerline track 13 > Accelerate to VY (78 KIAS, gear down at MTOW) 14 > After a positive rate of climb is established, tap the brakes and retract the landing gear 15 > 300 feet AGL, gradually retract the flaps and accelerate to VY (90 KIAS, gear up at MTOW) 16 > 800 feet AGL, or higher safe altitude, transition to a cruise climb (104 KIAS at MTOW) 17 > Execute the climb checklist Notes: When checking the engine instruments, include the tachometer to make sure sufficient power is being produced. Factor such as heat and altitude will affect engine performance. Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 8 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 9 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 10 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 SHORT-FIELD TAKEOFF AND MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE CLIMB References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The takeoff technique when the runway is not of sufficient length to permit the airplane to gradually accelerate to normal lift-off and climb-out speed, or there are obstructions along the takeoff path. Objective: Develop the skills necessary to perform takeoffs on short runways and runways with obstacles present. Procedure: 1 > Extend the flaps to the 25O position 2 > Taxi the airplane onto the runway centerline as close to the end as safely possible 3 > Ensure the aircraft heading matches the charted runway heading 4 > Hold the brakes 5 > Throttle to 2000 RPM 6 > Verify that the engine instruments all indicate in the normal range 7 > Apply full throttle 8 > Apply appropriate control inputs to correct for crosswind and torque effects 9 > Verify the airspeed is “alive” 10 > At 60 KIAS (MTOW), apply back pressure to rotate and lift off the runway 11 > Crab into the wind to maintain the runway centerline track 12 > Accelerate to 65 KIAS (MTOW) 13 > After a positive rate of climb is established, tap the brakes and retract the landing gear 14 > 50 feet AGL and clear of the obstacle, accelerate to VY (78 KIAS, gear down at MTOW) 15 > 300 feet AGL, gradually retract the flaps and accelerate to VY (90 KIAS, gear up at MTOW) 16 > 800 feet AGL, or higher safe altitude, transition to a cruise climb (104 KIAS at MTOW) 17 > Execute the climb checklist Notes: When checking the engine instruments, include the tachometer to make sure sufficient power is being produced. Factor such as heat and altitude will affect engine performance. Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 11 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 12 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 13 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 TAFFIC PATTERN References: POH PA28R-201 ABEAM TOUCHDOWN 1 > 15 “ MP 2 > Flaps 10O 3 > 95 KIAS BASE LEG > 1 Flaps 25O > 2 KIAS 85 > 3 GUMPPS Check FINAL LEG 1 > Flaps 40O 2 > 75 KIAS (Normal) 3 > 72 KIAS (Short MLW) > 4 GUMPPS Check MID-FIELD DOWNWIND > 1 Gear Down > 2 Before Landing Checklist completed Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 14 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 NORMAL AND CROSSWIND APPROACH AND LANDING References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The landing technique when the runway is of sufficient length to permit the airplane to gradually decelerate, and there are no obstructions along the approach path. Objective: Develop the skills necessary to perform normal and crosswind landings. Procedure: 1 > Complete the before landing checklist prior to the mid-field downwind 2 > At the mid-field downwind, extend the landing gear (below 129 KIAS) and verify “3 green” 3 > Designate the point of intended touchdown 4 > Abeam the touchdown point a. Reduce power (approximately 15” MP) b. Flaps 10O c. Airspeed 95 KIAS 5 > On the base leg a. Flaps 25O b. Airspeed 85 KIAS c. GUMPPS Check 6 > On final a. Flaps 40O b. Airspeed 75 KIAS c. GUMPPS Check 7 > If crosswind conditions are encountered, use a side slip to maintain the correct ground track and runway alignment 8 > Reduce the throttle and increase the pitch attitude in order to smoothly touchdown at the intended landing point as the throttle reaches idle 9 > After touchdown, apply the brakes as required and increase crosswind control input as necessary Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 15 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 SOFT-FIELD APPROACH AND LANDING References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The landing technique when the runway is soft, rough, grass, dirt, etc. Objective: Develop the skills necessary to perform landings on soft or unimproved runways. Procedure: 1 > Complete the before landing checklist prior to the mid-field downwind 2 > At the mid-field downwind, extend the landing gear (below 129 KIAS) and verify “3 green” 3 > Designate the point of intended touchdown 4 > Abeam the touchdown point a. Reduce power (approximately 15” MP) b. Flaps 10O c. Airspeed 95 KIAS 5 > On the base leg a. Flaps 25O b. Airspeed 85 KIAS c. GUMPPS Check 6 > On final a. Flaps 40O b. Airspeed 75 KIAS c. GUMPPS Check 7 > If crosswind conditions are encountered, use a side slip to maintain the correct ground track and runway alignment 8 > Reduce the throttle and increase the pitch attitude in order to smoothly touchdown at the intended landing point as the throttle reaches idle 9 > Touch down with the main gear first using some power to smoothly transfer the weight of the airplane from the wings to the main gear 10 > After touchdown, continue to apply back pressure to keep the nose wheel off the runway as long as possible, and increase crosswind control input as necessary 11 > Use minimal braking until off of the soft surface Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 16 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 SHORT-FIELD APPROACH AND LANDING References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The landing technique when the runway is not of sufficient length to permit the airplane to gradually decelerate, or there are obstructions along the approach path. Objective: Develop the skills necessary to perform landings on short runways and runways with obstacles present. Procedure: 1 > Complete the before landing checklist prior to the mid-field downwind 2 > At the mid-field downwind, extend the landing gear (below 129 KIAS) and verify “3 green” 3 > Designate the point of intended touchdown 4 > Abeam the touchdown point a. Reduce power (approximately 15” MP) b. Flaps 10O c. Airspeed 95 KIAS 5 > On the base leg a. Flaps 25O b. Airspeed 85 KIAS c. GUMPPS Check 6 > On final a. Flaps 40O b. Airspeed 72 KIAS (at MLW) c. GUMPPS Check 7 > If crosswind conditions are encountered, use a side slip to maintain the correct ground track and runway alignment 8 > Reduce the throttle and increase the pitch attitude in order to smoothly touchdown at the intended landing point as the throttle reaches idle 9 > Touch down at a full stall with the main gear first 10> After touchdown, retract flaps as required for maximum braking 11 > Position the control wheel full aft and apply the brakes as necessary Notes: When practicing short-field landings on runways of adequate length, simulate the use of maximum braking by announcing “maximum braking”. Some brake pressure should still be used to reinforce technique should it be required on an actual short runway. Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 17 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 POWER-OFF 180O ACCURACY APPROACH AND LANDING References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: An approach and landing made from the downwind leg by gliding with the engine at idle to a specific touchdown point. Proper estimations of distance to touchdown and glide angle are required. Objective: Develop the skills necessary to accurately plan and judge a power-off approach to a safe landing. Procedure: 1 > Complete the before landing checklist prior to the mid-field downwind 2 > Establish the airplane on downwind parallel to the runway , no higher than 1000 feet AGL 3 > Designate the point of intended touchdown 4 > At the mid-field downwind, extend the landing gear (below 129 KIAS) and verify “3 green” 5 > Abeam the touchdown point, smoothly reduce the throttle to idle 6 > Reduce airspeed to best glide (79 KIAS at MTOW) 7 > Extend flaps as required 8 > Maintain best glide speed until able to reduce speed to ensure touchdown in a normal landing attitude. Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 18 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 GO-AROUND / REJECTED LANDING References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The maneuver that is used when a landing is rejected. The airplane is brought from a landing configuration and attitude to a climb configuration and attitude. Objective: Develop the skills necessary to safely reject a landing by applying the proper procedures. Procedure: 1 > POWER UP: Ensure the propeller lever is full forward and apply full throttle 2 > PITCH UP: Increase pitch attitude to initiate a climb at VX 3 > CLEAN UP: Retract flaps to 25O After a positive rate of climb is established, retract the gear (below 107 KIAS) Retract flaps to 10O 4 > Maintain VX (78 KIAS gear up at MTOW) until clear of any obstacle 5 > 50 feet AGL and clear of the obstacle, accelerate to VY (78 KIAS, gear down at MTOW) 6 > SPEAK UP: Announce to tower (or CTAF) that you are “going around” 7 > 300 feet AGL, retract the flaps and accelerate to VY (90 KIAS, gear up at MTOW) 8 > 800 feet AGL, or higher safe altitude, transition to a cruise climb (104 KIAS at MTOW) 9 > Execute the climb checklist Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 19 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 20 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 21 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 STEEP TURNS References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: This maneuver consists of two 360O turns in opposite directions, while maintaining the airplane in level flight with a 50O angle of bank. Objective: Develop the pilot’s coordination, division of attention and smoothness at the controls with performing a high performance turning maneuver. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Establish an altitude to allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 1500 feet AGL 4 > Select a ground reference point and note the corresponding heading for entry and exit 5 > Establish an airspeed of 110 KIAS (or VA if VA is less than 110 KIAS based on actual weight) 6 > Roll into a coordinated left or right 50O bank turn 7 > Adjust pitch to maintain altitude 8 > Adjust power to maintain airspeed (add approximately 10% of entry MP setting) 9 > Begin the rollout approximately 25O prior to the entry heading 10 > Rollout on entry heading 11 > Adjust pitch and power to maintain altitude and airspeed 12 > Check the area for the second turn in the opposite direction 13 > Execute a turn in the opposite direction (steps 5-10) 14 > Resume straight and level flight Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 22 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 STEEP SPIRAL References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: This maneuver combines elements of turns around a point with a descending glide. A constant radius circle is flown around a point on the ground while descending in a spiraling glide, with the steepest bank angle not exceeding 60O. Constant airspeed is maintained throughout. Objective: Develop the pilot’s ability to divide attention and maintain positive aircraft control in a steep glide. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Select a suitable ground reference point, prominent enough to be seen from altitude 4 > Establish the airplane at an altitude sufficient to complete at least three complete 360O turns 5 > Maneuver the airplane to enter on the downwind leg approximately ¼ nm from the selected point 6 > Reduce the throttle to idle 7 > Roll into a coordinated turn (either direction) 8 > Establish an airspeed of 85 KIAS 9 > Apply wind drift correction throughout the descent to maintain a constant radius around the point 10 > Recover after three turns at or above 1000 feet AGL 11 > Resume straight and level flight Notes: Minimum recovery altitude is 1000 feet AGL If sufficient altitude is not available, due to ceilings, this maneuver may be practiced with reduced turns. Operating the engine at idle for a prolonged period can cause spark plug fouling and excessive engine cooling. The engine should be cleared periodically (on the upwind leg) For winter operations, use 15” MP and extend the landing gear to prevent shock cooling the engine. Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 23 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 CHANDELLES References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: This maneuver is a high performance climbing turn. The airplane turns 180O while climbing in order to gain the maximum altitude without stalling. Objective: Develop the pilot’s coordination and division of attention between the instruments, the airplane’s attitude and outside visual references. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Establish an altitude to allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 1500 feet AGL 4 > Select a suitable ground reference point to identify the 90O point in the maneuver 5 > Establish an airspeed of 110 KIAS 6 > Roll into a coordinated 30O bank 7 > Apply full power (propeller first, then throttle) 8 > Begin to increase pitch attitude 9 > Maximum pitch up should be achieved at the 90O point 10 > Begin a slow, smooth, coordinated rollout to arrive at 0O bank at the 180O point 11 > Continue to increase back pressure as required to maintain the maximum pitch attitude until reaching the 180O point 12 > Upon completing the 180O turn, the wings are level and the airspeed should be close to stall speed 13 > Recover by gradually decreasing the pitch attitude and allowing the airspeed to accelerate while maintaining the altitude that was reached at the 180O point 14 > Resume straight and level flight Notes: When possible perform while turning into the wind to cover less ground in the practice area See diagram on next page Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 24 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 CHANDELLE DIAGRAM References: Airplane Flying Handbook Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 25 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 LAZY EIGHTS References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: This maneuver consists of two 180O turns, in opposite directions, while making a climb and a descent in a symmetrical pattern during each turn. Objective: Develop the pilot’s feel for varying control forces, and the ability to plan and remain oriented while maneuvering the airplane with positive, accurate control. The pilot must constantly change pitch and bank throughout the maneuver. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Establish an altitude to allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 1500 feet AGL 4 > Select suitable ground reference points to identify the 45O, 90O, 135O and 180O points of the maneuver 5 > Establish an airspeed of 110 KIAS 6 > Slowly and smoothly enter a climbing turn 7 > Adjust the pitch and bank in order to reach the maximum pitch up attitude and approximately 15O angle of bank at the 45O point 8 > Adjust the pitch and bank so that the nose crosses through the horizon with approximately 30O angle of bank at the 90O point 9 > Adjust the pitch and bank in order to reach the maximum pitch down attitude and approximately 15O angle of bank at the 135O point 10 > Adjust the pitch and bank so that the airplane levels at the entry altitude and airspeed with a 0O angle of bank at the 180O point 11 > IMMEDIATELY begin a turn in the other direction (repeat steps 5-9) 12 > Resume straight and level flight Notes: When possible perform while turning into the wind to cover less ground in the practice area See diagram on next page Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 26 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 LAZY EIGHTS DIAGRAM References: Airplane Flying Handbook Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 27 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 EIGHTS ON PYLONS References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The airplane is maneuvered around two preselected points on the ground in a figure “8” pattern, keeping the points fixed to a reference point on the aircraft by varying the altitude and bank angle. Objective: Develop the pilot’s coordination and division of attention between the instruments, the airplane’s attitude and the position with respect to the ground references. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Determine the wind direction (dust, smoke, wind drift circle, nearby airport, fields, flags, etc.) 4 > Determine the pivotal altitude (approximately 1100 feet AGL at 110 knot groundspeed) 5 > Select two ground reference points perpendicular to the wind and suitable distance apart 6 > Establish an airspeed of 110 KIAS 7 > Enter the maneuver with a 45O angle between the pylons at pivotal altitude 8 > Abeam the first pylon, roll into a coordinated bank toward the pylon in order to place the airplane reference line on the pylon 9 > Keep the relative position between the pylon and airplane reference line at the same spot by varying altitude to compensate for varying ground speed throughout the maneuver 10 > As the airplane reaches the 45O entry angle to the second pylon, roll out of the turn 11 > Fly straight and level until abeam the second reference 12 > Roll into a coordinated bank toward the second pylon (repeat steps 8-10) 13 > Resume straight and level flight Notes: If the maneuver is performed along a road with several possible reference points, it is not necessary to pick both pylons prior to entering the maneuver. See diagram on next page Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 28 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 EIGHTS ON PYLONS DIAGRAM References: Airplane Flying Handbook Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 29 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 MANEUVERING DURING SLOW FLIGHT References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The airplane is flown at minimum controllable speed. The desired speed is such that any increase in load factor, increase in angle of attack, or decrease in power will result in an immediate stall. Turns, descents, and climbs can be accomplished while maintaining that airspeed. The aircraft is flown in several configurations. Objective: Develop the pilot’s ability to control the aircraft in slow flight, recognize the changes in control effectiveness, and rate and radius of turns. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Establish an altitude to allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 1500 feet AGL 4 > Select a ground reference point and note the corresponding heading 5 > Reduce the throttle to 15” MP 6 > Apply back pressure to maintain altitude as the airplane slows down 7 > Below VLO (129 KIAS), extend the gear and verify “3 green” 8 > Slow to minimum controllable speed and note the airspeed to be maintained 9 > Below 100 KIAS, propeller control full forward 10 > Perform a turn while maintaining airspeed and altitude 11 > Below VFE (103), set flaps 10O 12 > Slow to minimum controllable airspeed in the new configuration, and note the airspeed to be maintained 13 > Perform a turn while maintaining airspeed and altitude 14 > Below VFE (103), set flaps 25O 15 > Slow to minimum controllable airspeed in the new configuration, and note the airspeed to be maintained 16 > Perform a turn and a climb (can be accomplished separately or together as desired) 17 > Below VFE (103), set flaps 40O 18 > Slow to minimum controllable airspeed in the new configuration, and note the airspeed to be maintained 19 > Perform a turn and a descent (can be accomplished separately or together as desired) 20 > Recover: apply full throttle, flaps to 25O, gear up (below 107 KIAS), flaps 10O, flaps 0O 21 > Resume straight and level flight Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 30 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 POWER-OFF STALLS References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: This maneuver begins with the aircraft being set up in a landing configuration and in a descent at final approach speed. The throttle is then reduced and the pitch is increased to induce a stall. As the stall occurs, the pilot recovers and returns to straight and level cruise flight. Objective: Develop the pilot’s ability to recognize the indications leading to stalls and to make a prompt, effective recovery with minimum loss of altitude. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Establish an altitude to allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 1500 feet AGL 4 > Select a ground reference to simulate a runway 5 > Reduce the throttle to 15” MP 6 > Apply back pressure to maintain altitude as the airplane slows to approach speed 7 > Below VLO (129 KIAS), extend the gear and verify “3 green” 8 > Below VFE (103 KIAS), incrementally extend the flaps to 40O 9 > Below 100 KIAS, propeller control full forward 10 > Establish a descent at approach speed (75 KIAS) 11 > Reduce throttle to idle 12 > Increase pitch attitude to induce a stall 13 > Announce the indications of the stall (horn, buffet, loss of control effectiveness etc.) 14 > Recover: apply full throttle, reduce the angle of attack, flaps to 25O 15 > Establish a climb at VX (78 KIAS) 16 > After a positive rate of climb is established, gear up (below 107 KIAS), flaps 10O 17 > Establish a climb at VY (90 KIAS), flaps 0O 18 > Climb to a specified altitude 19 > Resume straight and level flight Notes: This maneuver should also be practice while in turns using up to a 20O angle of bank Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 31 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 POWER-ON STALLS References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: This maneuver simulates a stall after takeoff, or during departure. Objective: Develop the pilot’s ability to recognize the indications leading to stalls and to make a prompt, effective recovery with minimum loss of altitude. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Establish an altitude to allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 1500 feet AGL 4 > Reduce the throttle to 15” MP 5 > Apply back pressure to maintain altitude as the airplane slows to rotation speed 6 > Below VLO (129 KIAS), extend the gear and verify “3 green” 7 > Below 100 KIAS, propeller control full forward 8 > At rotation speed (normal 75 KIAS), increase throttle (not less than 65% BHP) 9 > Increase pitch attitude to induce a stall 10 > Announce the indications of the stall (horn, buffet, loss of control effectiveness etc.) 11 > Recover: apply full throttle and reduce the angle of attack 12 > Establish a climb at VX (78 KIAS) 13 > After a positive rate of climb is established, gear up (below 107 KIAS) 14 > Establish a climb at VY (90 KIAS) 15 > Climb to a specified altitude 16 > Resume straight and level flight Notes: This maneuver should also be practice while in turns using up to a 20O angle of bank This maneuver should also be practiced with various configurations to simulate short-field takeoffs and goaround scenarios Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 32 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 ACCELERATED STALLS References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: This maneuver consists of brining the airplane into a stalled condition above the usual stall speed by increasing the load factor on the airplane. Objective: To demonstrate the effects load factor can have on stall speed. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Establish an altitude to allow the maneuver to be completed no lower than 3000 feet AGL 4 > Reduce the throttle to 15” MP 5 > Apply back pressure to maintain altitude as the airplane slows down 6 > Below 100 KIAS, propeller control full forward 7 > At 80 KIAS (VS1 + 20 kts) roll into a coordinated 45O angle of bank turn 8 > Reduce Throttle to idle 9 > Apply back pressure firmly to induce a stall 10 > Announce the indications of the stall (horn, buffet, loss of control effectiveness etc.) 11 > Recover: apply full throttle and reduce the angle of bank and back pressure 12 > Resume straight and level cruise Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 33 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 EMERGENCY DESCENTS References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: The airplane is configured to lose altitude rapidly in the event of an emergency. Objective: Develop the pilot’s ability to safely and promptly descend the airplane as rapidly as possible. Procedure: 1 > Complete the pre-maneuver checklist 2 > Ensure the maneuvering area is clear of traffic and obstructions 3 > Reduce the throttle to idle 4 > Below VLO (129 KIAS), extend the gear and verify “3 green” 5 > Bank the airplane up to 45O to begin the descent and maintain a 1 “G” load factor 6 > Adjust pitch to maintain 125 KIAS (+0/-10 knots) during the descent 7 > Propeller control (slowly and smoothly) full forward 8 > Lead the level off by 10% of the descent rate 9 > Level the airplane at the desired altitude and increase the throttle to a cruise MP setting 10 > Clean up (if not continuing to a landing): gear up (below 107) 11 > Resume straight and level cruise Notes: Minimum recovery altitude is 1000 feet AGL, unless continuing to land at a suitable airport Students should be able to recognize situations that require an emergency descent and execute it as necessary (ie: engine fires, medical emergencies, etc) For training purposes, 125 knots is used to provide a safety buffer off of the 129 knot VLE limitation. Revision 1 Standard Operating Procedures 34 Piper PA-28R-201 Arrow Commercial Course 09/14/2015 EMERGENCY APPROACH AND LANDING References: Airplane Flying Handbook, POH PA-28R-201, Commercial PTS Description: This maneuver simulates an approach and landing with an engine failure. Idle power is used and the airplane is flown at best glide speed to a suitable emergency landing area. Objective: Develop the pilot’s ability to perform emergency approaches without power. Procedure: 1 > The Instructor / Examiner reduces the throttle to idle 2 > Apply back pressure to maintain altitude until reaching best glide speed (79 KIAS at MTOW) 3 > While establishing glide speed, find a suitable emergency landing area 4 > Adjust trim to help maintain best glide speed 5 > Perform the appropriate emergency checklist (altitude allowing) 6 > Simulate a distress call and simulate setting 7700 on the transponder 7 > Plan to arrive abeam the intended landing point at approximately traffic pattern altitude 8 > Use flaps as required to increase or decrease gliding distance 9 > Abeam the touchdown point, extend the landing gear (below 129 KIAS), and verify “3 green” 10 > Prepare for landing Notes: Minimum recovery altitude is 500 feet AGL, unless continuing to land at a suitable airport Instructor / Examiner will clear the engine as required to prevent spark plug fouling At best gliding angle, with the engine windmilling, and the propeller control in full DECREASE rpm, the aircraft will travel approximately 1.6 miles for each thousand feet of altitude (Section 3.15)