Piper Twin Comanche Service Manual

2-8. AccessPlates and Panels, Wings......................................................................................1B14 2-8a. TorqueWrench ormula................................................................................................... IB17 2-9. JackingArrangements......................................................................................................IB22 2-10. WeighingAirplane............................................................................................................ IB23 2-11. LevelingAirplane,SerialNos. 30-1 to 30-852 incl.and 30-854 to 30-901incl..................................................................................................IB24 2-12. LevelingAirplane,SerialNos. 30-853,30-902to 30-2000incl ..................................... 1B24 2-13. MinimumTurningRadius................................................................................................C3 2-14. ServicingLandingGear Struts.........................................................................................C7 2-15. ServicePoints,Serial Nos. 30-1 to 30-852incl. and 30-854to 30-901 incl ................... 1C11 2-16. ServicePoints,Serial Nos. 30-853,30-902to 30-2000inc ........................................... IC12 2-17. Oil SuctionScreen................................................................ ...................................... C19 2-18. Oil PressureScreen........................................................................................................... 1C19 2-19. Turbo Oil Filter................................................................................................................. C20 2-20. LubricationChart.............................................................................................................. 1D2 2-21. Identificationof AircraftFluidLines ...............................................................................1D12 2-22. Removal of CherrylockRivets.........................................................................................D13 4-1. LandingLightInstallation................................................................................................1E9 4-2. Aileronand Flap Installation............................................................................................El 4-3. Wing Installation.............................................................................................................. IE16 4-4. EmpennageInstallation...................................................................................................E23 4-5. WindshieldInstallation..................................................................................................... 1F2 4-6. Side WindowInstallation(Typical)............................................................................... 1F3 4-7. Door Installation.............................................................................................................. IF4 4-8. DoorLockingMechanism................................................................................... IF5 4-9. Skin Materialand Thickness...........................................................................................1F7 4-10. TypicalAccessHoles ....................................................................................................... IF10 4-10a. CheckingStabilatorFree Play..........................................................................................1F13 4-11. BalancingStabilator,SerialNos. 30-1to 30-852incl., 30-854to 30-901incl., 30-1717,30-1745to 30-2000inc ............................................................. F15 4-12. BalancingStabilator,SerialNos. 30-853,30-902to 30-1716incl. and 30-1718to 30-1744incl........................................................................................... IF15 4-13. Checking and BalancingRudder ........................................................................................F18 4-14. SurfaceScratches,Abrasionor Ground-in-Dirt................................................................. 1F23 4-15. Deep Scratches,ShallowNicksand SmallHoles...............................................................IF23 PREFACE Revised:10/1/98 1A6 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - PART I (cont.) Figure No. Subject Grid No. 4-16. Mixing of Epoxy Patching Compound ............................................................... F24 4-17. Welding Repair Method ...................................................................................................... F24 4-18. Repairing of Cracks ............................................................................................................ IG 4-19. Various Repairs ................................................................................................................... 1G3 4-20. Repair of Stress Lines .............................................................. ....................... G4 4-21. Repair of Impacted Damage ........................................ ....................... IG4 5-1. Control Column Installation ........................................ ....................... 1G16 5-la. Correct Method of Installing Rod End Bearings ................................................................ 1G19 5-2. Aileron Control Installation ........................................ ....................... 1G23 5-3. Installation of Bellcrank Checking Tool ........................................ ....................... 1H3 5-4. Installation of Aileron Rigging Tool ........................................... .................... 1H3 5-5. Stabilator and Stabilator Trim Controls .............................................................................. IH8 5-6. Stabilator Rigging Tool....................................................................................................... IH12 5-7. Methods of Blocking Trim Cables .................. .................................................................... IH13 5-8. Rudder Pedal Installation .................................................................................................... H20 5-9. Adjustment of Brake Pedal ............................................................... I1H21 5-10. Rudder and Rudder Trim Controls...................................................................................... 1H23 5-11. Clamping Rudder Pedals in Neutral Position ..................................................................... 112 5-12. Determining Neutral Rudder Position ................................................................................ 113 5-13. Checking Rudder Travel ..................................................................................................... 113 5-14. Trim Screw Assembly ......................................................................................................... 1110 5-15. Flap Control Installation ...................................................................... 1120 5-16. Flap Position Sender Unit ................................................................................................... 1123 5-17. Fabricated Aileron Bellcrank Rigging Tool........................................................................ 1J13 5-18. Fabricated Aileron Rigging Tool ........................................................................................ 1114 5-19. Fabricated Stabilator Rigging Tool ................................................... IJ15 APP 1-1. Control Cable Inspection Technique ................................................................................... IK2 APP 1-2. External Cable Wear Patterns.............................................................................................. IK2 APP 1-3. Internal Cable Wear ............................................................................................................ K3 APP 1-4. Pulley WearPatterns ........................................................................................................... K4 7-1. Nose Gear Oleo Strut Assembly ......................................................................................... 2A 17 7-2. Nose Landing Gear Installation .......................................................................................... 2A23 7-3. Clamping Rudder Pedals in Neutral Position ..................................................................... 2B 7-4. Rudder Pedals at Neutral Angle.......................................................................................... 2B2 7-4a. Rudder Pedals at Neutral Position S/N 39-84 and up ......................................................... 2B2 7-5. Installation of Plumb Bob Attachment Tool ....................................................................... 2B4 7-6. Installation of Nose Gear Alignment Jig............................................................................. 2B4 7-7. Nose Gear Door Installation ............................................................................................... 2B5 7-8. Main Gear Oleo Strut Assembly......................................................................................... 3B9 7-8a. Main Gear Side Brace Link Travel ..................................................................................... 2B14 7-8b. Main Gear Side Brace Bearing Tolerance........................................................................... 2B14 7-8c. Main Gear Side Brace Link Tolerance................................................................................ 2B 15 7-9. Main Landing Gear Installation (Left)................................................................................ 2B19 7-10. Adjustment of Main Landing Gear Drag Link.................................................................... 2B21 7- 1. Aligning Main Gear.................................................................................................... 2B22 Revised: 10/1/98 PREFACE 1A7 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS- PARTI (cont.) FigureNo. Subject GridNo. 7-12. LandingGear RetractionSystem........................................................................................ 2C 7-13. LandingGear RetractionTransmissionAssembly.............................................................2C4 7-14. LandingGear RetractionTransmissionInstallation...........................................................2C10 7-15. LandingGear Up LimitSwitch........................................................................................... 2C12 7-16. TorqueWrench and AdapterInstallation............................................................................2C14 7-17. LandingGear Down LockInstallation................................................................................ 2C15 7-18. LandingGear WarningSwitchInstallation.........................................................................2C16 7-19. Nose Wheel Assembly........................................................................................................ 2C18 7-20. Main Wheel Assembly.SerialNos. 30-2to 30-845incl ................................................... 2C19 7-21. Main WheelAssembly.SerialNos. 30-846to 30-2000incl ............................................. 2C20 7-22. Wheel BrakeAssembly....................................................................................................... 2C22 7-22a. Removaland Installationof AnchorBolt...........................................................................2C23 7-23. Removalof Wheel BrakeDisc............................................................................................ 2C24 7-24. BrakeSystemInstallation................................................................................................... 2D 7-25. BrakeMasterCylinderAssembly....................................................................................... 2D3 7-26. BleedingBrakes.................................................................................................................. 2D5 7-26a. BrakeCylinderInstallation................................................................................................ 2D5 7-27. FabricatedPlumb Bob Tool ..............................................................................................2D9 7-28. FabricatedNose Wheel AlignmentJig ...............................................................................2 10 7-29. FabricatedSpannerWrench................................................................................................ 2D11 7-30. Inspectionof Rod End Bearings......................................................................................... 2D12 7-31. Main Gear Wear Limits....................................................................................................... 2D14 7-32. Nose Gear Wear Limits....................................................................................................... 2D16 8-1. Engine Cowlingand Cowl Flap Rigging............................................................................2D23 8-2. StandardPropellerInstallation............................................................................................ 2E 8-3. TypicalNicksand RemovalMethods .................................................................................2E4 8-4. PropellerGovernor.............................................................................................................. 2E10 8-5. Engine Installation.............................................................................................................. 2E15 8-6. SchematicDiagramof RSA Fuel InjectorSystem..............................................................2E19 8-7. Fuel Injector ....................................................................................................................... 2E21 8-8. Fuel Air Bleed Nozzle......................................................................................................... 2E21 8-9. Magneto BreakerPoints......................................................................... ...... 2........ ........... 2E23 8-10. Contact SpringInspection................................................................................................... 2E24 8-11. ImpulseCoupling..................................................................................................... 2E24 8-12. Magneto TimingMarks....................................................................................................... 2F2 8-13. EngineTimingMarks ......................................................................................................... 2F3 8-14. RemovingSpringFromLead Assembly............................................................................. 2F6 8-15. AssemblyTool.................................................................................................................... 2F7 8-16. Using AssemblyTool......................................................................................................... 2F7 8-17. MeasuringLeadAssemblyLength..................................................................................... 2F7 8-18. Cutting Metallic Braidfrom End of Lead...........................................................................2F8 8-19. UnbraidingMetallic Shielding............................................................................................ 2F8 8-20. Forming ShieldingAroundFerrule............................................... ........................ ..... 2F9 8-21. FerruleSeatingTool........................................................................................................... 2F9 8-22. Needle ....................................................................................................................... 2F9 PREFACE Revised:10/1/98 1A8 8-23. 8-24. 8-25. 8-26. 8-27. 8A-1. 8A-2. 8A-3. 8A-4. 8A-5. 8A-6. 8A-6a. 8A-7. 8A-8. 8A-9. 8A-10. 8A-I1. 8A-12. 8A-13. 8A-14. 8A-15. 8A-16. 8A-17. 8A-18. 8A-19. 8A-20. 8A-21. 8A-22. 8A-23. 8A-24. 8A-25. 8A-26. 8A-27. 8A-28. 8A-29. 9-1. 9-2. 9-3. 9-4. 9-5. 9-6. 9-7. 9-8. 9-9. 9-10. PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - PART I (cont.) Figure No. Grid No. Measuring Wire From Top of Ferrule ................................................................................. Installing Grommet Over Lead Assemblies........................................................................ Lead Assembly Installed in Gromm et ................................................................................ Wire Doubled Over For Installation of Eyelet .................................................................... Removing Frozen Spark Plug ............................................................................................. Engine Cowling and Cow l Flap R igging ............................................................................ Propeller Installation ........................................................................................................... Typical Nicks and Rem oval Methods ................................................................................. Propeller Governor.............................................................................................................. Engine Installation ............................................................................................................. Schematic Diagram of Turbocharged System..................................................................... Lockwiring V-Band Couplings ........................................................................................... Schematic Diagram of RSA Fuel Injector System.............................................................. Fuel Injector ....................................................................................................................... Fuel Air Bleed Nozzle......................................................................................................... Magneto Breaker Points...................................................................................................... Contact Spring Inspection................................................................................................... Impulse C oupling............................................................................................................... Magneto Timing Marks....................................................................................................... Engine Tuning Marks ......................................................................................................... Rem oving Spring From Lead Assembly............................................................................. Assem bly Tool .................................................................................................................... Using Assembly Tool.......................................................................................................... Measuring Lead Assem bly Length ..................................................................................... C utting Metallic Braid From End of Lead .......................................................................... Unbraiding Metallic Shielding............................................................................................ Forming Shielding Around Ferrule..................................................................................... Ferrule Seating Tool............................................................................................................ Needle ....................................................................................................................... Measuring Wire From Top of Ferrule ................................................................................. Installing Grommet O ver Lead Assem blies ........................................................................ Lead Assembly Installed in Grommet ................................................................................ W ire Doubled O ver for Installation of Eyelet ..................................................................... Removing Frozen Spark Plug ............................................................................................. Turbo Oil Flow Check......................................................................................................... Fuel System Schematic (PA-30) ......................................................................................... Fuel System Schematic (PA-30 Turbo)............................................................................... Fuel Cell Installation (Main/Inboard) ................................................................................. Fuel Cell Installation (A uxiliary/Outboard)........................................................................ Checking Sender Unit ......................................................................................................... Checking Fuel Gauge.......................................................................................................... Fuel Indicating System Wing Schematic ............................................................................ Fuel System Installation...................................................................................................... Fuel System Installation (Turbo) ........................................................................................ Fuel Strainer Assem bly ....................................................................................................... 2F10 2F10 2F10 2F10 2F13 2G5 2G8 2G10 2G18 2G23 2H4 2H5 2H8 2HII 2HII 2H13 2H14 2H14 2H15 2H17 2H19 2H20 2H20 2H21 2H21 2H21 2H22 2H23 2H23 2H23 2H23 2H24 2H24 212 214 2124 2J1 2J4 2J5 2JII 2J11 2J14 2J15 2J17 2J20 Revised:10/1/98 PREFACE 1A9 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS- PARTI (cont.) FigureNo. Subject Grid No. 9-11. Fuel SelectorInstallation.................................................................................................... 222 9-12. Fuel SelectorValveControlInstallation............................................................... 223 9-13. WeldonRotaryFuel Pump.................................................................................................. 2K2 9-14. SolenoidValve. ......................................................................................... 2K6 9-15. FabricatedFuel QuantityTransmitterCheckingJig ...........................................................2K10 10-1. InstrumentPanel,Serial Nos. 30-1 to 30-852incl. and 30-854to 30-901 incl .................................................................................................... 2K16 10-2. InstrumentPanel,Serial Nos. 30-853,30-902to 30-1716incl. and 30-1718to 30-1744incl........................................................................................... 2K17 10-3. InstrumentPanel, SerialNos. 30-1717,30-1745to 30-2000incl....................................... 2K18 10-3a. SecuringPump . ........................................................................................... 2K24 10-4. VacuumSystem Installation................................................................................................ 2L 10-5. EGT ThermocoupleInstallation.......................................................................................... 2L5 11-1. GeneratorWiringSystemSchematic............................................................ 3A15 11-2. SectionalViewof Generator..............................................................................................3A19 11-3. WiringCircuit, Dual Regulators ............................................................... 3A21 11-4. Current/VoltageRegulator............................................................ ....................... 3B4 11-5. Use of RifflerFile to Clean ContactPoints.......................................................................3B7 11-6. VoltageRegulatorAir Gap.................................................................................................. 3B7 11-7. CheckingVoltageSettingFixed ResistanceMethod..........................................................3B8 11-8. CheckingVoltageSettingVariableResistanceMethod......................................................3B8 11-9. AdjustingVoltageRegulatorSetting................................................................................... 3B9 11-10. CutoutRelay Air Gap Checkand Adjustment....................................................................3B I 11-11. CutoutRelay Point OperatingCheckand Adjustment.......................................................3B11 11-12. CheckingCutout RelayClosing Voltage........................................ ....................... 3B12 11-13. Adjustmentof CutoutRelayClosing Voltage.....................................................................3B12 11-14. CheckingCurrentRegulator,LoadMethod........................................................................3B13 11-15. CheckingCurrentRegulator,lumper Lead Method...........................................................3B13 11-16. Checkingand AdjustingRelayAir Gap .............................................................................3B16 11-17. Checkingand AdjustingRelayPoint Opening...................................................................3B16 11-18. CheckingRelayClosingVoltage ............................................................... 3B17 11-19. AdjustingRelay ClosingVoltage.......................................................................................3B17 11-20. AlternatorWiringSystemSchematic.................................................................................. 3B19 11-21. ExplodedViewof Alternator ............................................................... 3B21 11-22. Removalof Rectifier........................................................................................................... 3B23 11-23. Removalof Slip Ring End Bearing....................................................................................3B23 11-24. Removalof Drive End Head ............................................................... 3B23 11-25. Removalof End Head Bearing........................................................................................... 3B23 11-26. TestingRotor for Grounds ............................................................... 3B24 11-27. TestingRotorfor Shorts................................................................................................ 3B24 11-28. Installationof Bearing....................................................................................................3C 11-29. Installationof Rectifier...................................................... ....................... 3C 11-30. TerminalAssembly.................................................................. 3C2 11-31. Slip Ring End BearingAssembly........................................ ....................... 3C2 11-32. TestingAlternator ........................................................... ........ 3C3 PREFACE Revised:10/1/98 1A10 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS- PARTI (cont.) Figure No. Subject GridNo. 11-33. BrushInstallation. ....................................................................................... 3C4 11-34. InternalWiringDiagram..................................................................................................... 3C5 11-34a. AlternatorParallelingSystem ............................................................... 3C9 11-35. RegulatorDiagram(Prestolite) ............................................................... 3C14 11-35a. RegulatorDiagram(Lamar)................................................................................................ 3C14 11-36. TestingRegulator(Prestolite)........................................ ....................... 3C17 11-36a. TestingRegulator(Lamar) ............................................................... 3C18 11-36b. AdjustingRegulator(Lamar) ............................................................... 3C19 11-37. Applicationof OvervoltageControl.................................................................................... 3C21 11-38. TestingOvervoltageControl ............................................................... 3C21 11-39. No-LoadTestHookup......................................................................................................3D1 11-40. Lock-TorqueTest Hookup.................................................................................................. 3D2 11-41. ResistiveTestHookup......................................................................................................... 3D2 11-42. ExplodedViewof Gear ReductionStartingMotor.............................................................3D6 11-43. TurningStartingMotorCommutator.................................................................................. 3D9 11-44. TestingMotorArmaturefor Shorts...................................................................................3D9 11-45. TestingMotorFields for Grounds............................................................ .................... 3D10 11-46. No-LoadTest Hookup. ..................................................................... 3DI 11-47. Stall-TorqueHookup..................................................................................................... -3D11 11-48. ElectricalSystem Components,SerialNos. 30-1to 30-852incl. and 30-854to 30-901....................................................... ......... ...... 3D20 11-49. ElectricalSystem Components,Serial Nos. 30-853, 30-902to 30-2000,PA-39S/N 39-1......................................................................... 3D21 NOTE Indexfor ElectricalSchematicsmaybe found in TableXI-III,Grid 3E13. 12-1. ELTPortableFolding Antenna(Narco)..................................................................... ..... 3G20 12-2. ELTUsingFixed AircraftAntenna(Narco)......................................................................3G20 13-1. Heatingand VentilatingSystem,SerialNos. 30-1 to 30-401incl.................................... .............................................. ........................... 4A13 13-2. Heatingand VentilatingSystem,Serial Nos.30-402to 30-852incl. and 30-854to 30-901incl ......................................................... 4A14 13-3. Heatingand VentilatingSystem,SerialNos. 30-853, 30-902to 30-2000incl ...............................................................................................4A15 13-4. HeaterInstallation(SouthWind),SerialNos. 30-1 to 30-401incl......................................................... ................................... ... ... 4A18 13-5. FlowSystem(SouthWindHeater)................................................................................. 4A20 13-6. Fuel ControlValve(CutawayView)............................................................... 4A21 13-7. WiringDiagramfor SouthWindHeater,Model940-DC12......................................... ...... 4A22 13-8. Fuel SafetyValve(CutawayView)............................................................................ ..... 4A23 13-9. FlameDetectorSwitch(CutawayView)............................................................................. 4B2 13-10. ExplodedParts View,HeaterAssembly............................................................... ........ 4BI1 13-11. VentilatingAir BlowerAssembly.................................................................................. 4B15 13-12. VentilatingAir BlowerMotor...................................................... ..................... 4B17 13-13. CombustionAir BlowerMotor..........................................................................................4B19 Revised:10/1/98 PREFACE IAll PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS- PARTI (cont.) FigureNo. Subject GridNo. 13-14. Detail of ExhaustExtensionsInstallation...........................................................................4B23 13-15. AirplaneHeaterAssembly and CombustionAir Blower....................................................4C7 13-16. DiagrammaticCutawayof Heaterto ShowWhirling Flame Action.................................................................................................................. 4C9 13-17. Fuel Regulatorand Shutoff Valve....................................................................................... 4C10 13-18. Top View- Duct Switch...................................................................................................... 4C10 13-19. WiringDiagram. ......................................................................................... 4C11 13-20. PrimaryPowerCircuit ............ ............................................................................. 4C14 13-21. StartingPowerCircuit......................................................................................................... 4C15 13-22. Spark Plug Gap Adjustment................................................................................................ 4C18 13-23. SuggestedDesign for Seal Plate, Plugsand Caps for CombustionTube LeakageTest....................................................................................4D8 13-24. Test Set-upfor CombustionAir PressureSwitch...............................................................4D9 13-25. ExplodedViewof HeaterAssemblyNo. 751 959 ..............................................................4D11 13-26. ExplodedView-CombustionAir Blowerand Motor Assembly No. 753 905 .................................................................................................................. 4D15 13-27. SuggestedSet-up for HeaterOperationTest.......................................................................4D17 13-28. Wiring Connectionsfor HeaterOperationTest...................................................................4D18 13-29. Heater Fuel Valve................................................................................................................ 4D20 14-1. OxygenSystem Installation,SerialNos. 30-2to 30-852incl. and 30-854to 30-901incl............................................................................................... 4E9 14-2. OxygenSystem Installation,SerialNos. 30-853,30-902to 30-1716incl. and 30-1718to 30-1744incl ...................................................... 4E10 14-3. OxygenSystemInstallation,SerialNos. 30-1717,30-1745to 30-2000incl................................................................................................... 4E 14-3a. OxygenTubingInstallations............................................................................................... 4E18 14-4. SynchrophaserInstallation.................................................................................................. 4E21 14-5. Strobe Sensor............................................................. 4F12 14-6. Pulse Generator................................................................................................................... 4F3 14-7. ComputerAssembly............................................................................................................ 4F6 14-8. FabricatedTest Box............................................................................................................. 4F7 14-9. ElectricalSchematic..................................................................................... .................... 4F7 14-10. StrobeSensorInternalWiringTestUnit.............................................................................4F8 14-11. StrobeSensorSimulator..................................................................................................... 4F8 14-12. PatchCableand TestTerminal............................................................................................ 4F9 14-13. PulseGeneratorSimulator.................................................................................................. 4F9 PREFACE Revised:10/1/98 1A12 I I PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - PART I Fieure No. Subject -1. Balancing Stabilator............................................................................................................ 5-1. Stabilator Rigging Tool ....................................................................................................... 5-2. Interconnecting Control Cable Installation ......................................................................... 5-3. Checking Stabilator Friction............................................................................................... -1. Magneto Timing Marks....................................................................................................... 5-2. Engine Timing Marks ......................................................................................................... 8A-1. Magneto Timing Marks....................................................................................................... 8A-2. Engine Timing Marks ......................................................................................................... 10-1. Instrument Panel ................................................................................................................. 11-1. Dome Lights Schematic ...................................................................................................... 11-2. Instrument Lights Schematic .............................................................................................. 11-3. Red Strobe Light Schematic ............................................................................................... 11-4. White Strobe Lights Schematic........................................................................................... Revised: 10/1/98 GridNo. 4G18 4G22 4G24 4H1 4H6 4H8 4H12 4H14 4H18 4H20 4H21 4H22 4H23 PREFACE 1A13 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF TABLES - PART I Figure No. Subject GridNo. -I. Leading Particulars and Principal Dimensions ................................................................... BI II-IA. Flare Fitting Torques ........................................................................................................... B16 I-I. Recommended Nut Torque (Inch-Pounds).......................................................................... B 18 II-III. Decimal Conversion Chart.................................................................................................. B20 II-IIIA. Indicated Oxygen Pressures for Given Ambient Temperatures ......................................... IC17 Il-IV. Recommended Lubricating Oils ........................................ ....................... IC18 II-IVA. Thread Lubricant................................................................................................................. ID II-V. Decimal/ Millimeter Equivalents of Drill Sizes .................................................................. ID7 II-VI. Conversion Tables ............................................................................................................... D8 II-VII. Maximum Distance Between Supports for Fluid Tubing ................................................... D14 III-I. Inspection Report ................................................................................................................ ID19 IV-I. List of Materials (Thermoplastic Repair)............................................................................ F22 V-I. Control Surface Travel and Cable Tension ......................................................................... G V-IA. Control Surface Travel and Cable Tension Air Flow Modification .................................... IG12 V-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Surface Controls) .......................................................................... IJ2 VIl-l. Torque for Effective Wrench Length ............................................................... 2C13 VII-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Landing Gear System) .................................................................. 2D6 vn-m . Main Gear Wear Limits....................................................................................................... 2D15 VI-IV. Nose Gear Wear Limits....................................................................................................... 2D17 VI -I. Propeller Specifications (PA-30)......................................................................................... 2E7 VIII-IIl. Troubleshooting Chart (Engine) ............................................................... 2F16 VIIIA-I. PropellerSpecifications(PA-30)......................................................................................... 2G12 VIIIA-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Engine - Turbocharged) ................................................................ 216 IX-I. Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel System) ................................................................................. 2K8 X-I. Troubleshooting Chart (Vacuum System) ........................................................................... 2L6 X-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Instruments) .................................................................................. 2L8 XI-I. Troubleshooting Chart (Electrical System)......................................................................... 3E2 XI-II. Lamp Replacement Guide................................................................................................... 3E12 XI-III. Index - Electrical System Schematics ................................................................................. 3E 13 XI-IV. Circuit Load Chart .......... .......................................................................................... 3E14 XI-V. Electrical W ire Coding................................................................................................... 3E16 XI-VI. Electrical Symbols .............................................................................................................. 3E17 XIII-I. Troubleshooting Chart (South Wind Heater) ...................................................................... 4C3 XII-1 . Troubleshooting Chart (Janitrol Heater) ........................................................... 4D21 XIV-I. Troubleshooting Chart (Oxygen System) ........................................................................... 4E17 XIV-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Engine Synchrophaser) ................................................................. 4F10 LIST OF TABLES - PART II II-I. Leading Particulars and Principal Dimensions ................................................................... 4G10 V-I. Control Surface Travel and Cable Tension ........................................ ......................... 4G21 VIII-I. Propeller Specifications (PA-39)......................................................................................... 4H10 PREFACE Revised: 10/1/98 1A14 SECTION I INTRODUCTION Paragraph 1-1. 1-2. 1-3. General ....... Scope of Manual ........... Desc ription ....... 1-4. Fuselage . . ....... 1-5. Wing ...... 1-6. Empennage ..... 1-7. Flight Controls .... 1-8. Landing Gear .... 1-9. Brake System .... 1-10. Engines and Propellers . . . 1-11. Fuel System ..... 1-12. Instruments ..... 1-13. Electronic Equipment .. 1 -14. Heating and Ventilating System Aerofiche Grid No. 1A16 1A16 IA16 1A16 1A16 1A17 1A17 1A17 1A17 1A17 1A18 IA18 1A18 1A18 Issued 12/29/72 1A15 SECTIONI INTRODUCTION 1-1. GENERAL. This manual contains service and maintenance instructions for the Piper PA-30/39 Twin Comanche, designedand manufactured as a versatileairplane in the personal and businessaviation field, by the Piper Aircraft Corporation. Lock Haven. Pennsylvanua. 1-2. SCOPE OF MANUAL. Sections II and 111comprise the service part of this manual. whereas Sections IV through XIV comprise the maintenance instructions. Part II of this manual has service information which is specifically for the PA-39 model only. The service instructions include ground handling, servicing, and inspection. The maintenance instructions for each system include troubleshooting, removal and installation of components, and corrective maintenance and testing; each major system of the aircraft is covered in a separate section. Only qualified personnel should perform the operations described in this manual. The description of the airplane included in this section is limited to general information. Section I gives leading particulars and principal dimensions, while each major system is described in its appropriate section of the manual. For a more detailed description of the airplane, refer to the Owner's Handbook. 1-3. DESCRIPTION. The Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche is a four-place (optional 5th and 6th seats are available in Serial Nos. 30-853. 30-902 and up) twin engine, low-wing monoplane of all-metal construction. Paragraphs 14 through 1-14 provide descriptions of the major components and systems. 1-4. FUSELAGE. The fuselage consists of three basic units: the nose section, the cabin section. and the tail cone section. 1-5. WING. The laminar flow wing is of all-metal stressed-skin, full-cantilever design. consisting of two wing panels bolted together at the center of the fuselage.The wing tips are removable. The ailerons are cable and push rod controlled and are statically and dynamically balanced. The trading edge wing flaps are electrically operated. INTRODUCTION Issued !' '9'7 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANLAL 1A16 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1-6. EMPENNAGE. The empennage consists of the fin. rudder. stabilator and stabilator trim tab. The rudder and stabilator are statically balanced. 1-7. FLIGHT CONTROLS. The flight controls are conventional, consisting of a control wheel which operates the ailerons and stabilators, and foot pedals which operate the rudder. Duplicate controls are provided for the copilot. 1-8. LANDINGGEAR. The landing gear is an electrically operated tricycle gear, consisting of a nose wheeland two main wheels. 1-9. BRAKE SYSTEM. The brakes on the PA-30 are hydraulically operated by toe pedals. 1-10. ENGINES AND PROPELLERS. The airplane is powered by two Avco-Lycoming four cylinder, direct drive, wet sump, horizontally opposed, fuel injected engines. The propellers are Hartzell full feathering, constant speed units controlled by a governor mounted on each engine. Some propellers are equipped with a backup spring which allows operation of the propeller in case of loss of air from the air cylinder. These propellers are identified by the letter "S" after the hub dash number, such as HC-E2YL-2BS.The "S" propeller should not be intermixed with the other propellers. Each model with its engines and particular propellers are as follows: Model Engine Propeller H.P. Octane PA-30 10-320-B1A HC-E2YL-2 HC-E2YL-2B HC-E2YL-2BF HC-E2YL-2BS HC-E2YL-2BSF 160 91/96 PA-30 Turbo 10-320-C1A HC-E2YL-2 HC-E2YL-2B HC-E2YL-2BF HC-E2YL-2BS HC-E2YL-2BSF 160 100/130 INTRODUCTION Issued: 12/29/7 1A17 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1-11. FUEL SYSTEM. The fuel system consists of four rubber-type cells located in the wings with a total fuel capacity of 90 U.S. gallons. (Optional 15 U.S. gallon each, tip tanks) two engine-drivenfuel pumps, two electric auxiliary fuel pumps and two combination fuel selectors and strainer valves. 1-12. INSTRUMENTS. Provisions for the instrument installation includes panels for engine instruments and advance flight instruments. The panel is shock mounted to minimize vibration to the instruments. 1-13. ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT. Provision for electronic equipment includes variois combinations of radio installations and AutoPilot. 1-14. HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM. Heated air for the cabin and defroster is obtained from a 25,000 BTU gasoline heater installed in the nose section. Fresh air for the cabin interior is obtained from two individual sources: one from the nose section and the other from a scoop located in the speed fairing ahead of the vertical fin. INTRODUCTION Issued: 12/29/72 1A18 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL SECTIONII HANDLINGAND SERVICING Paragraph Aerofiche Grid No. 2-1. Introduction....................................................................................................................... 1A22 2-2. Dimensions........................................................................................................................ 1A22 2-3. StationReferenceLines....................................................................................................A22 2-4. Weight and BalanceData.................................................................................................. 1A22 2-5. Serial NumberPlate .......................................................................................................... IB15 2-6. Accessand InspectionProvisions.............................................................. IB15 2-7. Tools and TestEquipment................................................................................................. IB15 2-8. TorqueRequirements........................................................................................................ IB15 2-8a. TorqueWrenches............................................................................................................... B17 2-9. Handholdand Walkways...................................................................................................B21 2-10. GroundHandling............................................................................................................... IB22 2-11. Introductionto GroundHandling....................................................................IB22 2-12. Jacking............................................................................................................. 1B22 2-13. Weighing.......................................................................................................... 1B23 2-14. Leveling........................................................................................................... 1B23 2-15. Mooring........................................................................................................... 1CI 2-16. Parking............................................................................................................. 1C2 2-17. LockingAirplane.............................................................................................C2 2-18. Towing.............................................................................................................C2 2-19. Taxiing............................................................................................................. 1C3 2-20. ExternalPowerReceptacle................................................................................................ C4 2-21. Operationof ExternalPowerReceptacle.........................................................1C4 2-22. Cleaning............................................................................................................................ 1C4 2-23. CleaningEngineCompartment........................................................................C4 2-24. CleaningLandingGear....................................................................................IC5 2-25. CleaningExteriorSurfaces................................................................ C5 2-26. CleaningWindshieldand Windows................................................................. IC5 2-27. CleaningHeadliner,Side Panelsand Seats...................................................... IC6 2-28. CleaningCarpets.............................................................................................. 1C6 2-29. Servicing.......................................................................................................................IC6 2-30. Introductionto Servicing .............................................................. 1C6 2-31. LandingGear System........................................................................................................C6 2-32. ServicingLandingGear...................................................................................IC6 2-33. Oleo Struts........................................................................................................................ C7 2-34. ServicingOleo Struts......................................................................................IC7 2-35. FillingOleo Struts . .............................................................. IC8 2-36. InflatingOleo Struts........................................ ...................... IC9 2-37. BrakeSystem . ...................................................................... IC10 2-38. ServicingBrakeSystem ........................................ ...................... ICIO 2-39. FillingBrakeCylinderReservoir.................................................................... IC10 2-40. DrainingBrakeSystem................................................................................... C10 Revised:10/1/98 HANDLINGANDSERVICING 1A19 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Paragraph Aerofiche GridNo. 2-41. Tires............................................................................................................ 1 2-42. ServicingTires................................................................................................lC10 2-43. Power Plant .............................................................. 1C13 2-44. ServicingPowerPlant.....................................................................................1C13 2-45. Propeller...........................................................................................................................1C13 2-46. ServicingPropeller ............................................................... IC13 2-47. PowerPlantInductionAir Filter......................................................................................1C13 2-48. Removalof Air Filter......................................................................................IC13 2-49. InductionAir Filter......................................................................................... 1C13 2-50. Cleaning InductionAir Filter,Turbocharged................................................. C13 2-51. Installationof InductionAir Filter.................................................................. 1C13 2-52. VacuumSystemAir Filters........................................ ........................ 1C13 2-53. Replacementof CentralAir Filter.................................................................. IC13 2-54. Replacementof InstrumentAir Filter............................................................. 1C 2-55. Replacementof VacuumRegulatorFilters..................................................... C14 2-56. Fuel Systems....................................................................................................................1C14 2-57. ServicingFuel System.................................................................................... 1C14 2-58. Filling Fuel Cells ............................................................... 1C14 2-59. DrainingFuel Valvesand Lines...................................................................... 1C14 2-60. DrainingFuel System................................................................. IC15 2-61. ElectricalSystem.............................................................................................................. 1C15 2-62. ServicingElectricalSystem............................................................................ C15 2-63. Oxygen System..............................................................................................................IC15 2-64. Servicingthe OxygenSystem......................................................................... C15 2-65. OxygenSystem SafetyPrecautions............................................................... IC15 2-66. FillingOxygenCylinder................................................................................ 1C16 I 2-66a. Inspectionand OverhaulTimeLimits ............................................................ C17 2-67. Lubrication......................................................................................... .............................. IC18 2-68. Oil Systems(Engine)......................................................................................................IC18 2-69. ServicingOil System............................. ....... .................................. 1C18 2-70. DrainingOil Sump......................................................................................... 1C18 2-71. Filling Oil Sump................................................................................................ IC18 2-72. Oil Screen(Suction).................................................................... ............... IC19 2-73. Oil Screen(Pressure)........................................................................................C19 2-74. Oil Filter (Full Flow)....................................................... ........................ IC20 2-75. Turbo Oil FilterCleaningProcedure.................................................................IC20 2-76. Recommendationsfor ChangingOil................................................................ IC21 2-77. LubricationInstructions...................................................................................................... 1C22 2-78. Applicationof Oil ........................................ ....................... IC22 2-79. Applicationof Grease .......................................................................................IC23 2-80. LubricationChart............................ ................................... IC23 HANDLING AND SERVICING Revised: 10/1/98 1A20 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL THIS PAGEINTENTIONALLYBLANK Revised: 10/1/98 HANDLING AND SERVICING 1A21 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL SECTIONII HANDLINGAND SERVICING 2-1. INTRODUCTION. This section contains routine handling and servicing procedures that are most frequently encountered. Frequent reference to this section will aid the individual by providing information such as the location of various components. ground handling procedures, routine service procedures and lubrication. When any system or component requires service other than the procedures outlined in this section, refer to the appropriate section for that component. 2-2. DIMENSIONS. The principal airplane dimensions are shown in Figures 2-1 and 2-2, and are listed in Table 1I-1. 2-3. STATION REFERENCE LINES. In order to facilitate the location of various components of the airplane which require maintenance and servicing, a method utilizing fuselage station, wing station or buttock line (BL), and water line (WL) designations is frequently employed in this manual. (Refer to Figures 2-3 and 2-4.) Fuselage stations, buttock lines, and water lines are reference points measured by inches in the vertical or horizontal direction from a given reference line which indicates station locations of structural members of the airplane. Station 0 of the fuselage is located 13.37 inches aft of the foremost point of the nose. Station 0 (BL) of the wing and stabilator is the center line of the airplane: and station 0 (WL) of the fuselage, vertical stabilizer and rudder is 8.25 inches below the bottom edge of the forward left side window.The reference datum line or 0 fuselage station reference line is located 79 inches forward of the wing leadingedge. 2-4. WEIGHT AND BALANCE DATA. When figuring various computations, the weight and empty weight center of gravity of the in the Weight and Balance Form of the Airplane Flight Manual. HANDLING AND SERVICING Revised: 1/31/74 1A22 weight and balance airplane may be found s - --- 12' .000" 25' 1.93r' PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1782 35' 11.75" Figure 2-1. Three View of Twin Comanche PA-30 Serial Nos. 30-1 to 30-852 inclusive and 30-854 to 30-901 inclusive HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12:'9 '7 1 A23 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1934 Figure 2-2. Three View of Twin Comanche PA-30 Serial Nos. 30-853, 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 1 A24 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-1. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS MODEL PA-30 ENGINE Manufacturer Model FAA Type Certificate Rated Horsepower Rated Horsepower, RPM: Full Throttle Performance Cruise (75% rated) Economy Cruise (65% rated) Fuel Consumption Cruise 75% Rated Power 65% Rated Power 60% Rated Power Propeller Drive Ratio Propeller Shaft Rotation Bore Stroke Displacement Compression Ratio Weight (With Starter and Generator or Alternator) Dimensions: Height Width Length Oil, SAE Number Oil Sump Capacity Oil Consumption, Maximum Fuel, Aviation Grade, Minimum Octane Fuel Injector, Bendix Magneto (2), Scintilla Magneto Drive, Ratio to Crankshaft Magneto Drive, Rotation Magneto Timing Magneto Point Clearance Avco-Lycoming 10-320 BIA IE12 1 60 160 hp 120 hp 104 hp @ 2700 RPM @ 2450 RPM @ 2350 RPM 10.0 gph 8.8 gph 8.2 gph 1:1 Clockwise 5.125 in. 3.875 in. 319.8 cu. in. 8.50:1 287 lbs. 19.22 in. 32.24 in. 33.59 in. Refer to Table 11-I11 8 quarts 0.010 lb./bhp/hr. 91/96 octane RSA-5ADI S4LN-21 1:1 Clockwise 25 degrees BTC 0.018 + 0.006 HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 1B1 Manufacturer Model FAATypeCertificate Rated Horsepower Rated Horsepower,RPM: Full Throttle PerformanceCruise (75%rated) EconomyCruise (65% rated) Fuel ConsumptionCruise 75%Rated Power 65% Rated Power 60% RatedPower PropellerDriveRatio PropellerShaft Rotation Bore Stroke Displacement CompressionRatio Weight(WithStarterand Generatoror Alternator) Dimensions: Height Width Length Oil, SAENumber Oil Sump Capacity Oil Consumption,Maximum Fuel, AviationGrade,MinimumOctane Fuel Injector,Bendix Magneto(2), Scintilla MagnetoDrive,Ratio to Crankshaft MagnetoDrive,Rotation MagnetoTiming MagnetoPoint Clearance PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE II-I. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS PA-30 Turbo MODEL ENGINE Avco- Lycoming 10-320 CIA 1E12 160 160 hp @ 2700 RPM 120 hp @ 2450 RPM 104 hp @ 2350 RPM 10.0 gph 8.8 gph 8.2 gph 1:1 Clockwise 5.125 in. 3.875 in. 319.8 cu. in. 8.50:1 294 lbs. 19.22 in. 32.24 in. 33.59 in. Refer to Table II-111 8 quarts 0.010 lb./bhp/hr. 100/130 octane RSA-5ADI S4LN-21 1:1 Clockwise 25 degrees BTC 0.018 + 0.006 0HANDLINGANDSERVICING Issued: 12/2972 1B2 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-I. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS (cont.) MODEL PA -30 ENGINE (cont.) Spark Plugs (shielded): AC Champion Spark Plug Gap Setting (in.)' Firing Order Tachometer Drive, Ratio To Crankshaft Tachometer Drive, Rotation Starter Delco-Remy. 12-volt Prestolite, 12-volt Starter Drive, Ratio to Crankshaft Starter Drive, Rotation Generator, Delco-Remy Voltage Regulator, Delco-Remy Paralleling Relay, Delco-Remy Alternator, Prestolite Voltage Regulator, Prestolite Over Voltage Control, Prestolite Vacuum Pump Drive, Ratio to Crankshaft Vacuum Pump Drive, Rotation Propeller Governor Drive Propeller Governor Ratio Fuel Pump SR-88D REM-40E 0.018 to 0.022 in. 1-3-2-4 0.5:1 Clockwise Model 1109511 Model MZ4206 13.55:1 Counterclockwise 12-volt, 50 amp, Model 1101915 1119246 (50 amp) 1116887 (50 amp) 12-volt, ALX 8403 VSF 7203 8A X17621 1.30:1 Counterclockwise AN20010 Type XX 0.866:1 AC-GP6440296 PROPELLER Manufacturer Type Hub Blade (2) Diameter Diameter, Minimum II REFE1 TO LYCOMIMGOSERVICE INST9UCTIO0 NO. 1 042 Issued 12/29/72 Hartzell Constant Speed Feathering HC-E2YL-2B. HC-E2YL-2BF. HC-E2YL-2BS oi HC-E2YL-2BSF 76634 or F7663-4 72 m. 70 in. HANDLING AND SERVICING 1B3 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE II-I LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS (cont.) 0 MODEL PA-30 Turbo ENGINE (cont.) Spark Plugs (shielded): AC Champion Spark Plug Gap Setting (in.) " Firing Order Tachometer Drive, Ratio To Crankshaft Tachometer Drive, Rotation Starter Delco-Remy, 12-volt Prestolite, 12-volt Starter Drive, Ratio to Crankshaft Starter Drive, Rotation Generator, Delco-Remy Voltage Regulator, Delco-Remy Paralleling Relay, Delco-Remy Alternator, Prestolite Voltage Regulator, Prestolite Over Voltage Control, Prestolite Vacuum Pump Drive, Ratio to Crankshaft Vacuum Pump Drive, Rotation Propeller Governor Drive Propeller Governor Ratio Fuel Pump 171 REB-37N 0.015 to 0.021 in. 1-3-2-4 0.5:1 Clockwise 1109511 MZ4206 13.55:1 Counterclockwise 12-volt, 50 amp, Model 1101915 1119246 (50 amp) 1116887 (50 amp) 12-volt, ALX 8403 VSF 7203 8A X17621 1.30:1 Counterclockwise AN20010 Type XX 0.866:1 Lear-Siegler RG17980 PROPELLER Manufacturer Type Hub Blade (2) Diameter Diameter, Minimum (I) REFER TO LYCOMING SERVICE INSTRUCTION NO. 1042. Issued: 12/29/72 Hartzell Constant Speed Feathering HC-E2YL-2B.HC-E2YL-2BF.HC-E2YL-2BSor HC-E2YL-2BSF 7663-4 or F76634 72 In. 70 in. HANDLING AND SERVICING 1B4 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE Il-I. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS (cont.) MODEL PA-30 PROPELLER (cont.) Blade Angle, Low '21 Blade Angle, High"' Control Governor Governor Model 12.0 i 0.015 degrees 78 degrees Hartzell F6-3 or Fb FUEL CELL CAPACITIES Inboard (Main) Fuel Cells Capacity (each) Unusable Fuel (each) Outboard (Auxiliary) Fuel Cells Capacity (each) Tip Tanks Capacity (each) Two 30 U. S. gallons 3 U. S. gallons Two 15 U. S. gallons Two (optional) 15 U. S. gallons LANDING GEAR Type Shock Strut Type Fluid Required (Struts & Brakes) Strut Extension (Static Load) Maximum Air Pressure (Strut) Tread (Width from each tire center) Wheel Base Nose Wheel Travel Main Wheel Toe-In Turning Radius (Min.) Wheel, Nose Wheel, Main Brake Type Tire, Nose Tire, Main Tire Pressure 121 BLADE ANGLE .1 30 IN. ADIUS. 31 SEIAL NOS. 30-2 TO 30-645 INCL. 14 SERIAL Electrically retractable Combination Air and Oil MIL-H-5606 (Red) 2.75 in. 100 psi 9 ft. 9.5 in. 7 ft. 3.625 in. 25 ° Max. 19° Min. right, 25 ° Max. 19 ° Min. left 0 degrees 28 ft. 1.5 in. Cleveland 38501 Cleveland 40-343'Cleveland 40-90' 4 (Disc) Cleveland 30-23 6:00 x 6, 6 ply rated 6:00 x 6, 6 ply rated 42 psi NOS. 30-846 N0DUP. HANDLING AND SERVICINGIssued 12/2 9/72 1B5 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-1.LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS (contd) PA-30 MODEL PROPELLER (contd) Blade Angle, Low 2 Blade Angle, High 2 Control Governor Governor Model 12.0 + 0.015 degrees 78 degrees Hartzell F6-3 FUEL CELL CAPACITIES Inboard (Main) Fuel Cells Capacity (each) Unusable Fuel (each) Outboard (Auxiliary) Fuel Cells Capacity (each) Tip Tanks Capacity (each) Two 30 U.S. gallons 3 U.S. gallons Two 15 U.S. gallons Two 15 U.S. gallons LANDING GEAR Type Shock Strut Type Fluid Required (Struts & Brakes Strut Extension (Static Load) Maximum Air Pressure (Strut) Tread (Width from each tire center) Wheel Base Nose Wheel Travel Main Wheel Toe-In Turning Radius (Min.) Wheel, Nose Wheel, Main Brake Type Tire, Nose Tire, Main Tire Pressure Electrically retractable Combination Air and Oil MIL-H-5606 (Red) 2.75 in. 100 psi 9 ft. 9.5 in. 7 ft. 3.625 in. 25 Max. 19$ Min. right, 25: Max. 19 Min. left 0 degrees 28 ft. 11 in. Cleveland 38501 Cleveland 40-343Cleveland 40-904 (Disc) Cleveland 30-23 6:00 x 6, 6 ply rated 6:00 x 6, 6 ply rated 42 psi 2- BLADE ANGLE AT 30 IN RADIUS 3 - SERIAL NOS 30-2 TO 30-845INCL 4 - SERIAL NOS 30-b AND UP Issued: 12/29/72 HANDLING AND SERVICING 1B6 PIPERTWIN COMANCHESERVICE MANUAL 0 TABLE 11-I. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS (cont.) I MODEL PA-30. PA-30 Turbo OVERALL Gross Weight Gross WeightLanding Width (Span) Length Height (Static Ground Line) Height, Propeller Hub, Thrust Line Level Clearance, Propeller Tips, Thrust Line Level 3600 lbs.. 3725 lbs.' 3600 lbs.. 3725 lbs.(" 35 ft. 11.75 in. 36 ft. 9.625 in." ) 25 ft. 1.9375 in. 8 ft. 2.875 in. 4 ft. 6 in. 11.5 in. FUSELAGE Length (Including Tail Cone Fairing) Width (Without Stabilator) Height (Without Vertical Fin) 23 ft. 0.950 in. 47.875 in. 53.875 in. WINGS Span (Width) Chord: Station 25 inches Station 62 inches Station 211 inches Dihedral(Leading Edge) Incidence WingTwist Length of Flap Length of Aileron 35 ft. 11.75 in. 36 ft. 9.625 in."' 7 ft. I in. 5 ft. 5 in. 3 ft. 3 in. 5 degrees 2 degrees 0 degrees 110.90 in. 75.30 in. EMPENNAGE Stabilator Overall Span Fin Setting. Fixed 12 ft. 6 in. 0 degree centerline (1) PA-30 TURBO ONLY. HANDLING AND SERVICING Revised: 1/31/74 B7 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-1. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMI NSIONS (cont.) I MODEL PA-30. PA-30 Turbo AREAS Total Wing Area (Including Aileron and Flaps) Aileron Flap Stabilator. including trim tab Fin Rudder 178 sq. ft. 14.1 sq. ft. 20.2 sq. ft. 32.5 sq. ft. 9.0 sq. ft. 5.9 sq. ft. CONTROL SURFACES TRAVEL I REFER TO TABLES V-l AND V-IA. CONTROL SURFACE CABLE TENSION REFER TO TABLES V-l AND V-IA. HANDLING AND SERVICING Revised: 1/31/74 1B8 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Figure 2-3. Station Reference Lines. Fuselage HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 1B9 A183 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Figure 2-4. Station Reference Lines, Wing and Stabilator HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 1 B10 1 2 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1775 8 9 10 11 12 SERIALNOS.30-1 TO 30-852, 30-854 TO 30-901 INCL. 9 13 1415 16 17 SERIALNOS.30-853 AND 30-902 AND UP 1 ELECTRICALWIRES. OXYGEN CONTROL CABLE 2. FUSE PANEL 3. ELECTRICALWIRES. FUEL UNE RIGHT ENGINE 4. LANDING GEAR RETRACTIONTRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY 5 ELECTRICALWIRES, FUEL UNE RIGHT ENGINE 6 FUEL PUMPS. FUEL SELECTORVALVE CONTROLS 7. MAIN FUELCELL OUTLET LINE,ELECTRICALWIRES 8. FUEL SELECTOR VALVES AND DRAINS 9. MAIN GEAR PUSH-PULL CONTROL CABLES. BRAKE LINE. RIGHT GEAR AND TIP TANK FUEL UNE 10 CONTROLCABLE PULLEYCLUSTER. BRAKE LINES. AUTOPILOT PTTCHSERVO 11. CONTROL CABLES 12. BRAKE LINES, MAIN FUEL CELL OUTLET LINE. CONTROL CABLES 13. CONTROL CABLE PULLEY CLUSTER. BRAKE LINE LEFT GEAR. TRIM SENSOR, MAIN GEAR PUSH-PULL CONTROL CABLE. TIP TANK FUEL LINE 14 AILERON AND FLAP CONTROL PULLEYS 15 FLAP ACTUATING TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY, FLAP CONTROL PULLEYS. AUTOPILOT PITCH SERVO 16 ELECTRICALWIRES. FUSELAGE STRINGERS 17 GYRO AMPLIFIER 18. CONTROL CABLES 19 CONTROL CABLES AND PULLEYS, FUSELAGE STRINGERS Figure 2-5. Access Plates and Panels, Fuselage Interior HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued:10/29/72 1B11 1. NOSE LANDING GEAR 2 FUEL SELECTOR VALVES. FUEL DRAINS. FUEL SCREENS 3. MAIN GEAR PUSH-PULL CONTROLCABLES. FLAP POSITION SENDING UNIT 4. MAIN FUEL CELL OUTLET 6. FUSELAGE AFT SECTION INTERIOR 6. BRAKE FLUID RESERVOIR.CENTRAL AIR FILTER.HEATER NOSE GEAR. VOLTAGE REGULATORS. PARALLELINGRELAY 7. OXYGEN FILLER PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 2 3 4 4 6 S. VERTICAL FIN ATTACHMENT BOLTS. ELT TRANSMITTER 9 RUDDER CONTROL HORN. STABILATOR TORQUETUBE. STABILATOR CONTROL STOPS, STABILATOR TRIM MECHANISM 10 ROTATING BEACON 11 STABILATOR BALANCE ARM AND WEIGHT, STABILATOR CONTROL CABLE ATTACHMENT ENDS, RUDDERTRIM BUNGEE 12 EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE 13. BAGGAGE AREA. BATTERY Figure 2-6. Access Plates and Panels, Fuselage PA-.30, Serial Nos. 30-1 to 30-852 mci. and 30-854 to 30-901 incl. HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 1 B12 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1 NOSE LANDING GEAR 2 FUEL SELECTORVALVES FUEL DRAINS, FUEL SCREENS 3 MAIN LANDING GEAR PUSH-PULL CONTROLCABLES. FLAP ACTUATING TRANSMISSION FLAP POSITION SENDER UNIT. AUTOPILOT 4 MAIN FUEL CELL OUTLET 5 EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE 6 BATTERY.VOLTAGE REGULATOR BRAKE FLUID RESERVOIR.CENTRAL AIR FILTER HEATER. NOSE GEAR, PARALLELING RELAY 7 BAGGAGE AREA 8 OXYGEN FILLER 9 VERTICAL FIN ATTACHMENT BOLTS. ELT TRANSMITTER 10 RUDDERCONTROL HORN STABILATOR TORQUE TUBE, STABILATOR CONTROLSTOPS. STABILATOR TRIM MECHANISM 11 ROTATING BEACON 12 STABILATOR BALANCE ARM AND WEIGHT STABILATOR CONTROL CABLE ATTACHMENT ENDS RUDDER TRIM BUNGEE Figure 2-7. Access Plates and Panels, Fuselage PA-30, Serial Nos. 30-853. 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued 12/29/72 1B13 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MA\LAI. 1 8 9 1 PROPELLERRECHARGE VALVE 2 OIL FILLER 3 VACUUM REGULATOR. ENGINE CONTROL CABLES AND ELECTRICALWIRE CONNECTIONS 4 FUEL CELL MAIN 5 FUEL CELL FILLER. MAIN 6 NACELLE INTERIOR 7 FUEL CELL. AUXILIARY 8 FUEL CELL FILLER. AUXILIARY 9 WING TIP 10 ENGINE CONTROL CABLES, ELECTRICALWIRE CONNECTORS.FUEL LINE CONNECTIONS STATIC AIR LINE CONNECTIONS BRAKE LINE CONNECTIONSAND FRONT AND REAR SPAR ATTACHMENT POINTS 11 ENGINE OIL DRAIN 12 FUEL CELL OUTLET AUXILIARY 13 MAIN LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE ASSEMBLY 14 BUNGEECORD 15 FLAP BELLCRANK 16 AILERON CABLE PULLEYS 17 AILERON BELLCRANK 18 PITOT TUBE 19 STEP LOCK ADJUSTMENT Figure 2-8. Access Plates and Panels, Wings HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 1 '"9'72 1814 0 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 2-5. SERIAL NUMBER PLATE. The serial number plate on the PA-30 can be found at the following locations: On the forward upper portion of the forward cabin bulkhead; inside the fuselage on the left skin opposite the rear fuselage access panel: or on the fuselage adjacent to the left side of the tail skid. Airplane serial numbers will be used in this manual where servicing difference occurs, and should be used when contacting the factory on service or warranty matters. 2-6. ACCESS AND INSPECTION PROVISIONS. The access and inspection provisions for the airplane are shown in Figures 2-5 thru 2-8. The component to be serviced or inspected through each opening is assigned an index number to identify it in the illustration. All access plates and panels are secured by either metal fasteners or screws. The floor panels may be removed by first removing the desired seats, then sliding the carpet edges from under its retainer strips, lifting the edges and removing the carpet attaching screws. Remove the carpet, thus exposing the floor panel attaching screws. To enter the aft section of the fuselage, remove the lower rear baggage compartment upholstery panel by removing the attaching screws. CAUTION Before entering the aft section of the fuselage, be sure the airplane is supported at the tail skid. 2-7. TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENT. Because of the simplicity and easy accessibility of components. few special tools outside normal shop tools will be required. Tools that are required may be fabricated from dimensions given in the back of the section that pertains to a particular component or are listed in the back of the PA-30 Parts Catalog. 2-8. TORQUE REQUIREMENTS. The torque values given in Table II-II are derived from oil-free cadmium-plated threads and are recommended for all airframe installation procedures where torqueing is required, unless otherwise noted in sections where other values are stipulated. Engine torque values are found in the latest revision of Avco-Lycoming Service Bulletin No. 268. Propeller torque values are found in Section VIII of this manual. Table II-Ia lists the torque valves for flared fittings of various sizes and material. Revised: 10/27/82 1B15 HANDLING AND SERVICING PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL CAUTION Do not overtorque fittings. NOTE When flared fittings are being installed. ascertain that the male threads are properly lubricated. Torque the fittings in accordance with Table II-IA. TABLE II-IA. FLARE FITTING TORQUES TORQUE INCH-POUND I BlI\( OD INCHES AL UMIN M - ALLOY Added: 10/28/82B16 1B16 HANDLING AND SERVICING TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 2-8a. TORQUE WRENCHES. Torque wrenches should be checked daily and calibrated by means of weights and a measured lever arm to make sure that inaccuracies are not present. Checking one torque wrench against another is not sufficient and is not recommended. Some wrenches are quite sensitive as to the way they are supported during a tightening operation. Any instructions furnished by the manufacturer must be followed explicitly. When it is necessary to use a special extension or adapter wrench together with a torque wrench, a simple mathematical equation must be worked out to arrive at the correct torque reading. Following is the formula to be used: (Refer to Figure 2-8a.) T =Torque desired at the part. A = Basic lever length from center of wrench shank to center of handle or stamped on wrench or listed for that model wrench. B = Length of adapter extension, center of bolt to center of shank. C = Scale reading needed to obtain desired torque (T). The formula: C = A x T A+B EXAMPLE A bolt requires 30 foot-pounds and a 3 inch adapter (one-quarter of a foot or .25') is needed to get at it. You want to know what scale reading it will take on a one-foot lever arm wrench to obtain the 30 foot-pounds at the bolt. Remember, the 3 inch adapter must be projecting 3 inches straight along the wrench axis. In general, avoid all complex assemblages or adapters and extensions of flex joints. A933 C B I A T Figure 2-8a. Torque Wrench Formula Added: 10/28/82 HANDLING AND SERVICING 1B17 PIPERTWINCOMANCHE SERVICEMANUAL TABLE 11-11.RECOMMENDEDNUT TORQUE (INCH-POUNDS) TABLE B 0TORQUES: The importance of correct application cannot be overemphasized Undertorque can result in unnecessary wear of nuts and bolts as well as the pans they are holding together When insufficient pressures are applied, uneven loads will be transmitted throughout the assemblywhich may result in excessive wear or premature failure due to fatigue Overtorque can be equally damaging because of failure of a bolt or nut from overstressing the thread areas The following procedures should be followed to assure that the correct torque is applied 1 Torque (self-locking fasteners)-Add the friction torque from Table A from sizes 8 through 7/16 to the recommended torque from Table B to get the final torque This would be the actual reading on the torque wrench 2 Torque (castellated and non-self-locking nuts)-Use only the torque given in Table B Unless otherwise specified, when castellated nuts are used with a cotter pin on moving joints, do not torquethe nut Turn the nut onto the bolt until proper grip is established and alignment with the cotter pin hole is achieved, then install the cotter pin 3 Calibrate the torque wrench periodically to assure accuracy. recheck frequently 4 Ascertain that the bolt and nut threads are clean and dry (unless other- wise specified by the manufacture) If the bolt or nut is specified to be lubricated prior to tightening. the torque range should be reduced 50% 5 Use a boltlengthlongenoughtopreventbearingloadsonthethreads The complete chamfer or end radius of the bolt or screw must extend through the nut 6 Unique torques specified in the text of this manual supersede the torques given in Tables A and B 7 Refer to the latest revision of Lycoming SSP1776 for torques on parts used on Lycoming engines 8 A maximum of two AN960 washers may be added under the bolt heads or nuts to correct for variations in material thickness within the tolerances permitted 9 Limitations bf the use of self-lockingnuts, bolts and screws including fasteners with non-metallic inserts are as follows A Fasteners incorporating self-locking devices shall not be reused if they can be run up using only fingers They may be reused if hand tools are required to run them up. providing there is no obvious damage to the self-locking device prior to installation B Bolts 5/16 inch diameter and over with cotter pin holes may be used with self-locking nuts Nuts with non-metallic locking devices may be used in this application only ifthe boltsare free from burrs around the cotter pin hole C Do not use self-locking nuts at lonts which subject either the nut or the bolt to rotation D Never tap or rethreadself-lockingfasteners Do not use nuts boltsor screws with damaged threads or rough ends COARSE THREAD SERIES BOLTS Stel Tenson AN 3 thru AN 20 AN 42 thru AN 49 AN 73 thru AN 81 AN 173 thru AN 186 MS 20033 thru MS 20046 MS 20073 MS 20074 AN 509 NK9 MS 24694 AN 525 NK525 MS 27039 NUTS Steel Tension Steel Shear AN 310 AN 320 AN 315 AN 364 AN 363 NAS 1022 AN 365 MS 17826 NAS 1021 MS 20364 MS 17825 MS 21045 MS 20365 MS 20500 NAS 679 Nut-bolt Torque Limits size inlbs Torque Limits in-lbs Min Max Min Max. TABLE A BOLT FRICTIONDRAG SIZE TORQUE (IN LBS ) 8' 15 10 18 1/4 30 5/16 60 3/8 80 7/16 100 'APPLICABLE TO COARSETHREADS ONLY 8 -32 10 -24 1/4-20 5/16-18 3/8-16 7/16-14 112-13 9/16-12 5/8-11 3/4-10 7/8- 9 1 -8 1-1/8-8 1 1/4-8 12 20 40 80 160 235 400 500 700 1.150 2.200 3,700 5.500 6.500 15 25 50 90 185 255 480 700 900 1,600 3.000 5,000 6.500 8,000 7 12 25 48 95 140 240 300 420 700 1,300 2.200 3.300 4.000 9 15 30 55 110 155 290 420 540 950 1.800 3,000 4,000 5,000 HANDLNG ANDSERVICING HANDLING AND SERVICING Revised: 10/28/82 1B18 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-11. RECOMMENDED NUT TORQUE (INCH POUNDS) (cont.) BOLTS Steel Tension BOLTS Steel Tension BOLTS Aluminum AN 3 thru AN 20 AN 42 thru AN 49 AN 73 thru AN B1 AN 173 thru AN 186 MS 20033 thru MS 20046 MS 20073 MS 20074 AN 59 NK9 MS 24694 AN 525 NK525 MS 27039 NUTS Steel Tension Steel Shear MS 20004 thru MS 20024 NAS 144 thru NAS 158 NAS 333 thru NAS 340 NAS 583 thru NAS 590 NAS 624 thru NAS 644 NAS 1303 thru NAS 1320 NAS 172 NAS 174 NAS 517 Steelshear bolt NAS 464 AN 3DD thru AN 2000 AN 173DD thru AN 186DD AN 509DD AN 525D MS 270390 MS 2469400 NUTS NUTS Steel Tension Steel Sheer AN 310 AN 315 AN 363 AN 365 NAS 1021 MS 17825 MS 21045 MS 20365 MS 20500 NAS 679 AN 320 AN 364 NAS 1022 MS 17826 MS 20364 AN 310 AN 315 AN 363 AN 365 MS 17825 MS 20365 MS 21045 NAS 1021 NAS 679 NAS 1291 AN 320 AN 364 NAS 1022 MS 17826 MS 20364 Alum. Tension AN 365D AN 3100 NAS 1021D Alum. Shea AN 320D AN 364D NAS 1022D FINE THREAD SERIES Nut-bolt Torque Limits size in-lbs Torque Limits in-lbs Torque Limits Torque Limits in-lbs in-lbs Torque Limits Torque Limits in-lbs in-lbs Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. 8 -36 10 -32 1/4-28 5/16-24 3/8-24 7/16-20 1/2-20 9/16-18 5/8-18 3/4-16 7/8-14 1 -14 1-1/8-12 1-1/4-12 12 20 50 160 450 480 800 1,100 2.300 2,500 3,700 5.000 9.000 15 25 70 140 190 500 690 1.000 1,300 2.500 3,000 4,500 '7.000 11.000 7 12 30 60 95 270 290 480 660 1,300 1,500 2,200 3,000 5,400 9. 15 40 85 110 300 410 600 780 1,500 1,800 3.300 4,200 6,600 25 80 120 200 520 770 1.100 1,250 2.650 3.550 4,500 6,000 11,000 30 100 145 250 630 950 1.300 1,550 3,200 4,350 6.500 7.300 13,400 15 50 70 120 300 450 650 750 1,600 2,100 2,700 3.600 6,600 20 60 90 150 400 550 800 950 1.900 2.690 3.300 4.400 8,000 5 10 30 40 76 180 280 380 550 950 1.250 1,600 2.100 3.900 10 15 45 65 110 280 410 580 670 1.250 1,900 2,400 3,200 5.600 3 5 15 25 45 110 160 230 270 560 750 950 1,250 2,300 6 10 30 40 70 170 260 360 420 880 1,200 1,500 2,000 3,650 Revised: 1/31/74 HANDLING AND SERVICING 1B19 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE II-III DECIMAL CONVERSION CHART HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 1B20 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 2-9. HANDHOLD AND WALKWAYS. A fixed handhold is located on tie right side of the fuselage, above the rear window. Walkways of four parts Devoe non- skid compound and one part black enamel are painted on the right wing and flap. The lines of rivets on the walkway are covered with non-skid paper strips, se- cured with sculp-metal compound before the walk is applied. CAUTION Avoid damage to the wings by stepping only on the walkway. HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 1'29/72 1B21 A211 TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Figure 2-9. Jacking Arrangements 2-10. GROUND HANDLING. 2-11. INTRODUCTION TO GROUND HANDLING. Ground handling covers all essential information governing the handling of the airplane while on the ground. This includesjacking, weighing, leveling, mooring, parking, towing and taxiing. When the airplane is handled in the manner described in the following para- graphs, damage to the airplane and its equipment will be prevented. 2-12. JACKING. The airplane is provided with a jack pad on each main spar just outboard of the engine nacelle and a support position by making use of the tail skid. (Refer to Figure 2-9.) To jack the airplane. proceed as follows: a. Place the jacks under the jack pads. b. Attach the tail support to the tail skid. Place approximately 350 pounds of ballast on the support to hold the tail down. CAUTION Be sure to apply sufficient tail support ballast; otherwise the airplane will tip forward and fall on the fuselage nose section. c. Raise the jacks evenly until all three wheels clear the floor. 0 I Revised: 10/28/82 HANDLING AND SERVICING 1B22 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL A263 Figure 2-10. Weighing Airplane 2-13. WEIGHING. (Refer to Figure 2-10.) The airplane may be weighed by the following procedure: a. Position a scale and ramp in front of each of the three wheels. b. Secure the scales from rolling forward and tow the airplane up onto the scales using the towing procedure as given in paragraph 2-18. c. Remove the ramp so as not to interfere with the scales. d. If the airplane is to be weighed for weight and balance computations, level the airplane per instructions given in paragraph 2-14. 2-14. LEVELING. All configurations of the airplane are provided with a means for longitudinal and lateral leveling. The airplane may be leveled while on jacks, during the weighing procedure while the wheels are on scales, or while the wheels are on the ground. To level the airplane for purposes of weighing or rigging, the following procedures may be used: a. To longitudinally level the airplane, partially withdraw the two leveling machine screws on the side of the fuselage. On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-1 to 30-852 inclusive and 30-854 to 30-901 inclusive, the screws are located over the baggage door. (Refer to Figure 2- 1.) On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-853 and 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive, there is one screw fore and one aft of the right rear window. (Refer to Figure 2-12.) Place a spirit level on these screw heads and adjust the jacks until the level is centered. Should the airplane be either on scales or on the floor, first block the main gear oleos to full extension; then deflate the nose wheel until the level position is reached. Revised: 10/28/82 HANDLING AND SERVICING 1B23 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL t J = i A179 Figure 2-11. Leveling Airplane Serial Nos. 30-1 to 30-852 incl: 30-854 to 30-901 inci. AiSO Figure 2-12. Leveling Airplane Serial Nos. 30-853, 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued. 1 ' '2 ~ IB24 b. To laterally level airplanes with SerialNumbers 30-1 to 30-852 inclusiveand 30-854 to 30-901 inclusive,place a level across the floorboard at Station 136.5 over the bulkhead to which the baggage door hinge brackets are attached. (Refer to Figure 2-1I.) On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-853 and 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive,place a levelon or parallel to the hat section channel of the forward cabin bulkhead. (Refer to Figure 2-12.) Should equipment or other obstacles hinder placing the level directly on the channel. use two spacers (rods.etc.) of equal length between the level and channel to bring the level above any obstacles. Raise or lower one wing tip by deflating the appropriate tire on the high side of the airplane or adjust either jack until the bubble of the level is centered. 2-15. MOORING. The airplane should be moored to insure its immovability. protection and secunty under various weather conditions. The following procedure gives the instructions for proper mooring of the airplane. a. Head the airplane into the wind, if possible. b. Lock the aileron and stabilator controls using the front seat belt. control wheel lock. or control surface blocks. c. Block the wheels. d. Secure tie-down ropes to the wing tie-down rings and the tail skid at approximately 45-degree angles to the ground. Leave sufficient slack to avoid damage to the aircraft when the ropes contract due to moisture. CAUTION Usesquare or bowline knots. Do not use slip knots. NOTE Additional prenarations for high winds include using tie-down ropes from the landing gear forks, and securingthe rudder. PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL e. Install pitot tube cover. if possible. HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued. 12/29/72 1C1 2-16. PARKING. When parking the airplane, insure that it is sufficiently pro- tected against adverse weather conditions and presents no danger to other air- craft. When parking the airplane for any length of time or overnight, it is rec- ommended that it be moored as in paragraph 2-15. a. To park the airplane, head it into the wind, if possible. b. Set the parking brake by applying toe pressure against the top of the brake pedals and at the same time pull out on the brake handle. To release the parking brake, apply toe pressure on the pedals and push in on the parking brake handle. NOTE To prevent damage to brake drum, care should be taken when setting brakes that are overheated or during cold weather when accumulated moisture may freeze the brake. 2-17. LOCKING AIRPLANE. The cabin and baggage doors are provided with a key lock. The same key can be used to operate both door locks. 2-18. TOWING. The airplane may be moved by using the nose wheel steering bar provided, or power equipment that will not damage or cause excess strain to _ the nose gear assembly. On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-1 to 30-852 inclu- sive, the steering bar is stowed on the underside of the hat shelf in the baggage compartment. On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-853 and 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive, it is attached to the forward section of the main spar. CAUTION When towing with power equipment, do not turn nose gear more than 20-degrees in either direction as this will result in damage to the nose gear and steering mechanism. HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/ 9,7W PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1C2 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL A 3' I Figure 2-13. Minimum Turning Radius 2-19. TAXIING. Before attempting to taxithe airplane, ground personnel should be checked out by a qualified pilot or other responsible person. Engine starting and shut-down procedures should be covered as well. When itis ascertained that the propeller back blast and taxi areas are clear, apply power to start the taxi roll and perform the following checks: a. Taxi forward a few feet and apply brakes to determine their effectiveness. b. Taxi with propeller set in low pitch, high RPM setting. c. While taxiing, make slight turns to ascertain the effectiveness of steering. d Observe wing clearances when taxiing near buildings or other stationary objects. If possible, station a guide outside the airplane to observe. e. When taxiing on uneven ground, look for holes and ruts. f Do not operate the engine at high RPM when running up or taxiing over ground containing loose stones, gravel or any loose material that may cause damage to the propeller blades. HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 1 2/29/72 1C3 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 2-20. EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE. 2-21. OPERATION OF EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE. The external power receptacle is located on the right side of the fuselage, just rearward of the bag- gage door, on airplanes with Serial Nos. 30-2 to 30-852 inclusive and 30-854to 30-901 inclusive; and on the left side of the nose section of airplanes with Serial Nos. 30-853 and 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive. When using external power for starting or operation of anyof the airplane's equipment, place the master switch in the OFF position before inserting or removing the power plug. 2-22. CLEANING. 2-23. CLEANING ENGINE COMPARTMENT. Before cleaning the engine com- partment, place a strip of tape on the magneto vents to prevent any solvent from entering these units. a. Place a large pan under the engine to catch waste. b. With the engine cowling removed, spray or brush the engine with solvent or a mixture of solvent and degreaser, as desired. It may be necessary to brush areas that were sprayed where heavy grease and dirt deposits have collected in order to clean them. CAUTION Do not spray solvent into the generator or alternator, starter, or air intakes. c Allow the solvent to remain on the engine from five to ten minutes, then rinse the engine clean with additional solvent and allow to dry. CAUTION Do not operate engine until excess solvent has evapo- rated or otherwise been removed. d. Remove the protective covers from the magnetos. e Lubricate controls, bearing surfaces, etc., per Lubrication Chart, Figure 2-20. HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/29/7: 1C4 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 2-24. CLEANING LANDING GEAR. Beforecleaningthe landing gear, place a plastic cover or similiar material over the wheel and brake assembly. a. Place a pan under the gear to catch waste. b. Spray or brush the gear area with solvent or a mixture of solvent and degreaser. as desired. It may be necessary to brush areas that were sprayed where heavy grease and dirt deposits have collected in order