Piper Twin Comanche Service Manual

Access Plates and Panels. Fuselage, Serial Nos . 30-853. 30-902 to 30-2000 incl ........................... ... ............................................................................ Access Plates and Panels. W~ngs...................................................................................... Torque Wrench Formula ............................ ..................................................................... Jacking Arrangements .................................................................................................. Weighing Airplane ............................................................................................................ Leveling Airplane. Serial Nos . 30-1 to 30-852 incl . and 30-854 to 30-901 incl ............................................................................................... Leveling Airplane, Serial Nos . 30-853. 30-902 to 30-2000 incl .............................. Minimum Turning Radius ..................... ...................................................................... . .Servlc~ngLanding Gear Struts ........................................................................................ Service Points.Serial Nos . 30-1 to 30-852 incl . and 30-854 to 30-901 incl .................... Service Points. Serial Nos . 30-853.30-902 to 30-2000 incl ........................................... Oil Suction Screen ............................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................... Oil Pressure Screen Turbo Oil Filter ................................................................................................................. . .Lubrication Chart.............................................................................................................. . .Identification of Aircraft Flu~dLines .............................................................................. Removal of Cherrylock Rivets ...................................................................................... Landing Light Installation ............................................................................................. Aileron and Flap Installation ............................................................................................ Wing Installation ............................................................................................................ Empennage Installation .................................................................................................. Windshield Installation ..................................................................................................... Side Window Installation (Typical) .................................................................................. Door Installation ............................................................................................................... Door Locking Mechanism ................................................................................................ Skin Material and Thickness .......................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... Typical Access Holes Checking Stabilator Free Play ........................................................................................ Balancing Stabilator. Serial Nos . 30-1 to 30-852 incl .. 30-854 to ............................................................. 30-901 incl .. 30-1717. 30-1745 to 30-2000 incl Balancing Stabilator.Serial Nos . 30-853. 30-902 to 30-1716 incl . and 30-1718 to 30-1744 incl .................. ....................................................................... Checking and Balancing Rudder ........................................................................................ .................................................................. Surface Scratches.Abrasion or Ground-in-Dirt ............................................................... Deep Scratches. Shallow Nicks and Small Holes PREFACE Revised: 10/l/98 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF LLLUSTRATIONS .PART I (cont.) s&ia 5.17 . 5.18 . 5.19 . APP 1.1 . APP 1.2 . APP 1.3 . APP 1.4 . 7.1 . 7.2 . 7.3 . 7.4 . 7.4a . 7.5 . 7.6 . 7.7 . 7.8 . 7.8a . 7.8b . 7 . 8 ~. 7.9 . 7.10 . Mixing of Epoxy Patching Compound .............................................................................. ...................................................................................................... Welding Repair Method . . Repanng of Cracks ............................................................................................................ Various Repairs ................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................... Repair of Stress Lines ............................................................................................. Repair of Impacted Damage Control Column Installation ............................................................................................... ........................................................... Correct Method of Installing Rod End Bearings Aileron Control Installation ................................................................................................ Installation of Bellcrank Checking Tool .. . . ................................................................................... Installation of Aileron R~ggmgTool Stabilaror and Stabilator Trim Controls Stabilator Rigging Tool ....................................................................................................... ...................................................................................... Methods of Blocking Trim Cables ............................ ................................................................ Rudder Pedal Installation ... ................................................................................................. Adjustment of Brake Pedal Rudder and Rudder Trim Controls ...................................................................................... ................................................................... Clamping Rudder Pedals in Neutral Position .......................................................................... Determining Neutral Rudder Position ................................................................................................... Checking Rudder Travel Trim Screw Assembly Flap Control Installati .................................. ................... Flap Position Sender Unit Fabricated Aileron Be . . Fabricated Aileron R~ggmgTool .................................................................................... ................ Fabricated Stabilator Rigging Tool Control Cable Inspection Technique ................................................................................... ....... ................ External Cable Wear Patterns .. lntemal Cable Wear Pulley Wear Patterns ........................................................................................................... Nose Gear Oleo Stmt Assembly ....................................... Nose Landing Gear Installat .......................................... Clamping Rudder Pedals in ..... Rudder Pedals at Neutral Angle ......................................................... Rudder Pedals at Neutral Position SIN 39-84 and up ..................................................................... Installation of Plumb Bob Attachment Tool ............................................................................. Installation of Nose Gear Alignment Jig Nose Gear Door Installation ...................... ......................................................................................... Main Gear Oleo Strut Assembly ... Main Gear Side Brace Link Travel ............ Main Gear Side Brace Bearing Tolerance ............... ...... Main Gear Side Brace Link Tolerance ... ......... Main Landing Gear Installation (Left) Adiustment of Main Landing Gear Drag Link Grid No . . ............................... . 7-1 1 Aligning Main Gear . Revised: 1011198 PREFACE PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .PART I (cont.) Landing Gear Retraction System ........................................................................................ ............................................................. Landing Gear Retraction Transmission Assembly Landing Gear Retraction Transmission Installation ......................................................... ........................................................................................... Landing Gear Up Limit Switch Torque Wrench and Adapter Installation ............................................................................ ................................................................................ Landing Gear Down Lock Installation Landing Gear Warning Switch Installation ....................................................................... Nose Wheel Assembly ........................................................................................................ Main Wheel Assembly.Serial Nos . 30-2 to 30-845 incl ............................. ....................... Main Wheel Assembly.Serial Nos . 30-846 to 30-2000 incl ........................................... Wheel Brake Assembly ....................................................................................................... ...................................................................... Removal and Installation of Anchor Bolt ............................................................................................ Removal of Wheel Brake Disc Brake System Installation ................................................................................................ Brake Master Cylinder Assembly ....................................................................................... Bleeding Brakes .................................................................................................................. Brake Cylinder Installation ............................................................................................. Fabricated Plumb Bob Tool ................................................................................................ ............................................................................. Fabricated Nose Wheel Alignment Jig Fabricated Spanner Wrench ................................................................................................ Inspection of Rod End Bearings .......................................................................................... . Main Gear Wear Llmts ........................ ........................................................................ . .Nose Gear Wear Llmts ....................................................................................................... ............................................................................ Engine Cowling and Cowl Flap Rigging Standard Propeller Installation ............................................................................................ ................................................................................. Typical Nicks and Removal Methods .............................................................................................................. Propeller Governor Engine Installation .............................................................................................................. ............................................................ Schematic Diagram of RSA Fuel Injector System Fuel Injector ....................................................................................................................... Fuel Air Bleed Nozzle ......................................................................................................... Magneto Breaker Points ...................................................................................................... Contact Spring Inspection ........................... .... .............................................................. Impulse Coupling ................................................................................................................ .............. ..................................................................................... Magneto T~mingMarks .. ....................................................................................................... Engine 'liming Marks .......................................................................... Removing Spring From Lead Assembly Assembly Tool .................................................................................................................. Using Assembly Tool .......................................................................................................... Measuring Lead Assembly Length .................................................................................... ........................................................................... Cutting Metallic Braid from End of Lead . . . . Unbrrudlng Metallic Shleldlng .............. .. ........................................................................ . . Forming Shleldlng Around Fermle ..................................................................................... F e m l e Seating Tool ............................................................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... Needle PREFACE Revised: 10llf98 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .PART I (cont.) F - ml%a ................................................................................. Measuring Wire From Top of Ferrule Installing Grommet Over Lead Assemblies ........................................................................ Lead Assembly Installed in Grommet ................................................................................ .................................................................... Wire Doubled Over For Installation of Eyelet ............................................................................................ Removing Frozen Spark Plug ............................................................................ Engine Cowling and Cowl Flap Rigging ........................................................................................................... Propeller Installation ............................................ ................................ v p i c a l Nicks and Removal Methods .. ................ ....................................................................................... Propeller Governor .. ........................................................................................................... Engine Installation ................................................ ................. Schematic Diagram of Turbocharged System ... . ........................................................................................... Lockw~nngV-Band Couplings ....... ................................. Schematic Diagram of RSA Fuel Injector System ............... .. Fuel Injector ....................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................ Fuel Air Bleed Nozzle ...................................................................................................... Magneto Breaker Points ................................................................................................... Contact Spring Inspection ................................................................................... .................... Impulse Coupling ... . ..................................................................................................... Magneto T ~ m g Marks Engine Tuning Marks ..................................................................................................... Removing Spring From Lead Assembly ............................................................................. Assembly Tool ..................................... ............................................................................... Using Assembly Tool .......................................................................................................... ..................................................... ....................... Measuring Lead Assembly Length .. ................................................ ...................... Cutting Metallic Braid From End of Lead ... . . . ............................................................................................ Unbrad~ngMetallic Sh~eldlng . . ..................................................................................... Forming Sh~eldingAround Ferrule Ferrule Seating Tool ........................ ...... ......................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... Needle Measuring Wire From Top of Ferrule ............................................................................... Installing Grommet Over Lead Assemblies ..................................................................... Lead Assembly Installed in Grommet .............................................................................. ........................ .................................. Wire Doubled Over for Installation of Eyelet .... ........................................................................................... Removing Frozen Spark Plug ....................................................................................................... Turbo Oil Flow Check .................................................. .................................... Fuel System Schematic (PA-30) ... Fuel System Schematic (PA-30 Turbo) ............................................................................... Fuel Cell Installation (Mainanboard) ............................................................................... Fuel Cell Installation (AuxiliarytOutboard) ........................................................................ ........................................................................... ....................... Checking Sender Unit ... .......................................................................................................... Checking Fuel Gauge Fuel Indicating System Wlng Schematic ............................................................................ Fuel System Installation ...................................................................................................... Fuel System Installation (Turbo) ........................................................................................ Fuel Strainer Assembly ....................................................................................................... Revised: 1011198 PREFACE PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.PART I (cont.) E i E d d b sut& ix!ma .................................................................................................. Fuel Selector Installation Fuel Selector Valve Control Installation ............................................................................. Weldon Rotary Fuel Pump ............................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... Solenoid Valve ........................................................... Fabricated Fuel Quantity Transmitter Checking Jig Instrument Panel. Serial Nos . 30-1 to 30-852 incl . and 30-854 to 30-901 incl ..................................................................................................... Instrument Panel .Serial Nos . 30-853.30-902 to 30-1716 incl . ........................................................................................... and 30-1718 to 30-1744 incl ....................................... Instrument Panel. Serial Nos . 30-1717 . 30-1745 to 30-2000 incl Securing Pump .................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................ Vacuum System Installation ....................................................................................... EGT Thermocouple Installation ............................................... ............................ Generator Wlring System Schematic .. ............................................................................................... Sectional V ~ e wof Generator . . ....................................................... ............................ Wiring Clrcuit, Dual Regulators .. ................................................................... .......................... CurrentNoltage Regulator .. ....................................................................... Use of Riffler F i e to Clean Contact Points .................................................................................................. Voltage Regulator Air Gap ............................. ......................... Checking Voltage Setting Fixed Resistance Method .. ................ ............................... Checking Voltage Setting Variable Resistance Method ... .......................................................................... Adjusting Voltage Regulator Setting .................................................................... Cutout Relay Air Gap Check and Adjustment ............................ ...................... Cutout Relay Point Operating Check and Adjustment .. ......................................................................... Checking Cutout Relay Closing Voltage ..................................................................... Adjustment of Cutout Relay Closing Voltage ........................................................................ Checking Current Regulator, Load Method ................................ ..................... Checking Current Regulator, Jumper Lead Method .. ............................................................................. Checking and Adjusting Relay Air Gap ................................................................... Checking and Adjusting Relay Point Opening Checking Relay Closing Voltage ........................ .. ......................................................... . . ........................................................................................ Adjusting Relay Closing Voltage .................................................................................. Alternator Wlring System Schematic .............................................................................................. Exploded V ~ e wof Alternator ........................................................................................................... Removal of Rectifier Removal of Slip Ring End Bearing ..................................................................................... Removal of Drive End Head .................... . . . . . . . . ......................................................... ........................................................................................... Removal of End Head Bearing ............................................... Testing Rotor for Grounds Testing Rotor for Shons ...................................................................................................... Installation of Bearing ........................................................................................................ ....................................................................................................... Installation of Rectifier Terminal Assembly ............................................................................................................. Slip Ring End Bearing Assembly ....................................................................................... Testing Alternator ............................................................................................................... ....... PREFACE Revised: PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .PART I (cont.) wia Grid No . Brush Installation .................................. .......................................................................... Internal Wiring Diagram ................................................................................................. Alternator Paralleling System ............................................................................................. Regulator Diagram (Prestolite) .......................................................................................... ................................................................................................ Regulator Diagram (Lamar) Testing Regulator (Prestolite) ............................................................................................ .................................................................................................. Testing Regulator (Lamar) . . ......................... ........................................................... Adjust~ngRegulator (Lamar) .... . Appl~cat~on of Overvoltage Control .................................................................................. Testing Overvoltage Control ...................... .................................................................... NeLoad Test Hookup ....................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ Lock-Torque Test Hookup . . .............. ....................................................................................... Res~stlveTest Hookup .. Exploded V~ewof Gear Reduction Starting Motor ............................................................ .................................................................................. Turning Starting Motor Commutator ..................................................................................... Testing Motor Armature for Shorts ....................................................................................... Testing Motor Fields for Grounds ........................................................................ ............................. NeLoad Test Hookup .... Stall-Torque Hookup ........................................................................................................... Electrical System Components.Serial Nos . 30-1 to 30-852 incl . and 30-854 to 30-901 ................................................................................ Electrical System Components. Serial Nos . 30-853............................................................................... 30-902 to 30-2000. PA-39 S/N 39- 1 NOTE Index for Electrical Schematics may be found in Table XI-111. Grid 3E13. ELT Portable Folding Antenna (Narco) .............................................................................. ELT Using Fixed Aircraft Antenna (Narco) ....................................................................... Heating and Ventilating System. Serial Nos . 30-1 to ................................................................................................ ................. 30-401 incl .. Heating and Ventilating System. Serial Nos . 30-402 to 30-852 incl . and 30-854 to 30-901 incl .......................................................................... Heating and Ventilating System. Serial Nos . 30-853. 30-902 to 30-2000 incl ..................... .. ........................................................................ Heater Installation (South Wind), Serial Nos . 30-1 to 30-401 incl ...................................................................................................................... Flow System (South W~ndHeater) .................................................................................... ................................................................................... Fuel Control Valve (Cutaway View) Wiring Diagram for South Wind Heater. Model 940-DC12 ............................................... ..................................................................................... Fuel Safety Valve (Cutaway View) Flame Detector Switch (Cutaway View Exploded Parts View. Heater Assembl Ventilating Air Blower Assembly . . Vent~latlngAir Blower Motor ............................................................................................. Combustion Air Blower Motor ........................................................................................... Revised: 1011/98 PREFACE PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .PART I (cont.) E u r d ! h Su!&Gt Grid No . aDetail of Exhaust Extensions Installation ....................................................................... Airplane Heater Assembly and Combustion Air Blower ................................................ Diagrammatic Culaway of Heater to Show Whirling Flame Action ............................. ........... .......................................................................... ......................... ....................................................... Fuel Regulator and Shutoff Valve .. Top V~ew.Duct Switch ...................................................................................................... Wiring Diagram .................................................................................................................. . .Primary Power C U C U I ~ ...................................................................................................... .Starting Power Clrcult ....................................................................................................... Spark Plug Gap Adjustment ................................................................................................ Suggested Design for Seal Plate.Plugs and Caps for Combustion Tube Leakage Test ...................................................................................... Test Set-up for Combustion Air Pressure Switch ............................................................... Exploded mew of Heater Assembly No . 751 959 .............................................................. Exploded V~ew-CombustionAir Blower and Motor Assembly ................... ............................................................................................ No . 753 905 .. .................................................................... Suggested Set-up for Heater Operation Test W~ringConnections for Heater Operation Test ................................................................... Heater Fuel Valve .................. ....................................................................................... Oxygen System Installation, Serial Nos . 30-2 to 30-852 incl . and 30-854 to 30-901 incl ............................................................................................... Oxygen System Installation . Serial Nos . 30-853. 30-902 to ................................. ............................. . 30-1716 incl and 30-1718 to 30-1744 incl .. Oxygen System Installation .Serial Nos . 30-1717.30-1745 to 30-2000 incl ..................... ......................................................................................... Oxygen Tubing Installations ............................................................................................ .................................................................................................. Synchrophaser Installation Strobe Sensor ................. ........................................... Pulse Generator ................................................................................................................... Computer Assembly .......... ......................................... Fabricated Test Box ............................................................................................................. Electrical Schematic ............................................................................................................ ........................................................................... Strobe Sensor Internal Wlring Test Unit Strobe Sensor Simulator..... ........................................... ................................. Patch Cable and Test Terminal Pulse Generator Simulator ...................... ...... ................................................................ PREFACE Revised: 10/1/98 a PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Fieure No . Grid No . Balancing Stabilator ............................................................................................................ Stabilator Rigging Tool ....................................................................................................... ............................................ ........................ Interconnecting Control Cable Installation ... . ....................................................................... ................... Checking Stabilator Fnct~on .. Magneto T h i n g Marks ....................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... Engine liming Marks Magneto T h i n g Mark .................................................. ......................................................................................................... Engine liming Marks Instrument Panel .............................. .......................... ............................................................... .......................... Dome Lights Schematic ............. .............................................................................................. Instrument Lights Schematic ............................................................................................. Red Strobe Light Schematic .......... ..................................................................... White Strobe Lights Schematic ... a Revised: 10/1/98 PREFACE PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL LIST OF TABLES .PART I EwcdQ. s!&w Grid No . U.1 . Leading Particulars and Principal Dimensions ...................... ...................................... ILIA . Flare Fitting Torques ........................................................................................................... 11.11. Recommended Nut Torque (Inch-Pounds) ............. ........................................................ I1.m . Decimal Conversion Chart .......................... ................................................................. ....................................... II.JlL4 . Indicated Oxygen Pressures for Given Ambient Temperatures . .II.N . Recommended Lubncahng Oils ......................................................................................... II.NA . Thread Lubricant ................................................................................................................ 11-V. D e c i m d Millimeter Equivalents of Drill Sizes .................................................................. 11-VI. Conversion Tables ........................... ................................................................................. 11-VU. Maximum Distance Between Supports for Fluid Tubing ................................................... III-I . Inspection Report ............................................................................................................ IV.1 . List of Materials (Thermoplastic Repair) ............................................................................ V.1 . Control Surface Travel and Cable Tension ......................................................................... V-IA . Control Surface Travel and Cable Tension Air Flow Modification .................................. V-11. Troubleshooting Chart (Surface Controls) .......................................................................... VII-I . Torque for Effective Wrench Length .................................................................................. .................................................................. VII-II. Troubleshooting Chart (Landing Gear System) . .VU-III . Main Gear Wear Lirmts...................................................................................................... . VII-N. Nose Gear Wear L ~ m t s....................................................................................................... VIII-I . Propeller Specifications (PA-30) ......................................................................................... VIII-U . Troubleshooting Chart (Engine) ....................................................................................... VIIIA-I . Propeller Specifications (PA-30) ......................................................................................... VIIIA-TI . Troubleshooting Chart (Engine -Turbocharged) ............................................................ ................................................................................. IX.1 . Troubleshooting Chart (Fuel System) ................................... ............................. X-I . Troubleshooting Chart (Vacuum System) ........... .................................................................................. X-I1. Troubleshooting Chart (Instruments) ......................................................................... XI-l . Troubleshooting Chart (Electrical System) XI-II . Lamp Replacement Guide ................................................................................................... ................................................................................. XI-III . Index .Electrical System Schematics X1.N . Circuit Load Chart ......................... ... ............................................................................ X1.V . Electrical Wire Coding ........................................................................................................ XI-VI . Electrical Symbols ............................................................................................................ ...................... .......................................... XIII-I . Troubleshooting Chart (South Wind Heater) .. ............................................................................. X111-U . Troubleshooting Chart (Janitrol Heater) ............................... ..................................... XN.1 . Troubleshooting Chart (Oxygen System) .. XN-U . Troubleshooting Chart (Engine Synchrophaser) ................................................................. LIST OF TABLES - PART I1 ................................................................ 11.1 . Leading Particulars and Principal Dimensions ...................... V.1 . Control Surface Travel and Cable Tension ......................................................................................... VIII-I . Propeller Specifications (PA-39) PREFACE Revised: 10IY98 SECTION I INTRODUCTION P a r a g r a p h 1.I . General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 . Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 . Description . . . . . . . . . 1.4 . F u s e l a g e 1.5 . Wing . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 . Empennage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 . F l i g h t C o n t r o l s . . . . . . . 1.8 . Landing Gea r 1.9 . Brake System . . . . . . . 1.10. Engines and P r o p e l l e r s . . . 1.11 . Fuel System . . . . . . . . 1.12 . Inst rumencs . . . . . . . . 1.13 . Electronic Equipment . . . . 1.14. Heating and Ventilating System Aerofiche G r i d No . PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE Wh'LAL SECTION I INTRODUCTION 1-1. GENERAL. This manual contains service and maintenance instructions for the Piper PA-30139 Twin Comanche, designed and manufactured as a versatile airplane i n the personal and business aviation field, by the Piper Aircraft Corporation, Lock Haven. Pennsylva~a. 2 SCOPE OF MANUAL. Sections I1 and 111 comprise the service part of this manual. whereas Sections N t h r o u a XTV comprise the maintenance instructions. Pan 11 of this manual has service information which is specifically for the PA-39 model onpi. The senice instructions include ground handling, servicing. and inspection. The maintenance instnrctions for each system include troubleshooting, removal and installation of components, and corrective maintenance and testing; each major system of the aircraft is covered in a separate section. Only qualified personnel should perform the operations described in this manual. The description of the airplane included in this section is limited to gencral information. Section Il gives leading particulars and principal dimensions, while each major system is described in its appropriate section of the manual. For a more detailed description of the airplane, refer to the Owner's Handbook. 1-3. DESCRIETION. The Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche is a four-place (optional 5th and 6th seats are available in Serial Nos. 30-853, 30-902 and up) twin engine, low-wing monoplane of all-metal construction. F'aragaphs 14 through 1-14 provide descriptions of the major components and systems. I . FUSELAGE. The fuselage consists of three basic units: the nose section, the cabin section. and the tail cone section. 1-5, WING. The laminar flow wing is of all-metal stressed-skin, full-cantilever design. consisting of two wing panels bolted together at the center of the fuselage. The wing tips are removable. The ailerons are cable and push rod controlled and are statically and dpnam~cally balanced. The trailing edge wing flaps are electrically operated. I\TRODL'CTION Issued: ! 2-19:;: PIPER T W I N COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1-6. EhlPENSAGE. The empennage consists of the fin. rudder. stabilator and stabilator trim tab. The rudder and stabilator are statically balanced. 1-7. FLIGHT CONTROLS. The flight controls are conventional. consisting of a control wheel which operates the ailerons and stabilaton, and foot pedals w h ~ c hoperate the rudder. D ~ ~ p l i c a t e controls are pmvided for the copilot. 1-8. LANDING GEAR. The landing gear is an electrically operated tricycle gear. consisting of a nose wheel and two main wheels. 1-9. BRAKE SYSTEM. The brakes on the PA-30 are hydraulically operated by toe pedals. 1-10. ENGINES AND PROPELLERS. The airplane is powered by two Avco-Lycoming four cylinder, direct drive, wet sump. horizontally opposed, fuel injected engines. Tlie propellen are Hartzell full feathering, constant speed units controlled by a governor mounted on each engine. Some propellers are equipped with a backup spring which allows operation of the propeller in case of loss of air from the air cylinder. These propellers are identified bv the letter "S" after the hub dash number. such as HC-EZYL-29s. The "S" propeller should not be intennixed with the other propellen. Each model with its engines and particular propellen are as follows: IhTRODUCTIOS Issued: 1 2,'29/7'. Model PA-30 !' \-30 T , ~ r b o Engine 10-320-8 1 A TO-32O-C 1.4 Octane 9 1196 100!130 Ropeller HC-EZYL-2 HC-E2YL-2B HC-EZYL-2BF HC-E2YL-ZBS HC-E2YL-2BSF HC-EZYL-2 HC-E2YL-2B HC-E?YL-ZBF HC-E2YL-2BS HC-E2YL-2BSF H.P. I60 160 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MAEUUAL 1-1 1. FUEL SYSTEM. The fuel system consists of four ~ b b e r - t y p ecells located in the wings with a total fuel capacity of 9 0 U.S. gallons. (Optional 15 U.S. gallon each, tip tanks) two enginedriven fuel pumps. two electric auxiliary fuel pumps and two combination fuel selectors and strainer valves. 1-1 2. INSTRUMENTS. Rovisions for the instrument installation includes panels for engine instruments and advance f l i b t instruments. The panel is shock mounted to minimize vibration t o the instruments. 1-13. ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT. Rovision for electronic equipment includes varioc~s combinations of radio installations and Autopilot. 1-14. HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM. Heated air for the cabin and defroster is obtained from a 25,000 BTU gasoline heater installed in the nose section. Fresh air for the cabin interior is obtained from two individual sources: one from the nose section and the other from a scoop located in the speed fairing ahead of the vertical fin. ISTRODUCTION Issued: 1 1!29:71 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL SECTION I1 HANDLING AND SERVICING Paragraph Aerofiche Grid No . 2.1 . Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1A22 2.2 . Dimensions ........... ....................................................................................................... 1A22 2.3 . Station Reference Lines ................................................................................................. 1A22 2.4 . Weight and Balance Data .................................................................................................. 1A22 2.5 . Serial Number Plate ........................................................................................................ 1815 . .2.6 . Access and Inspection Prov~s~ons ................................................................................ l B 15 2.7 . Tools and Test Equipment ................................................................................................. 1815 2.8 . Torque Requirements ................................................................................................. 1B15 2-8a . Torque Wrenches ............................................................................................................... 1B17 2.9 . Handhold and Walkways ................................................................................................... 1B21 2-10 . Ground Handling ............................................................................................................... 1B22 2-11 . Introduction to Ground Handling .................................................................... 1822 2- 12. ............................................................................................................. Jacking 1B22 2- 13. Weighing .......................................................................................................... 1B23 2- 14. ...................................................................................................... Leveling 1B23 2-15 . Mooring ........................................................................................................... 1C1 2-16 . Parking .......................... .. 1C2 .............................................................................. ............................................................................................. 2-17 . Locking Airplane 1C2 2-18 . Towing ............................................................................................................. 1C2 2- 19. Taxiing ...................... 1C3 .................................................................................... .............................................................................................. 2-20 . External Power Receptacle 1C4 ......................................................... 2-2 1 . Operation of Extemal Power Receptacle 1C4 .............................................................................................. 2-22 . Cleaning ......................... 1C4 2-23 . ........................................................................ Cleaning Engine Compartment 1C4 2-24 . Cleaning Landing Gear .................................................................................... 1C5 2-25 . .............................................................................. Cleaning Exterior Surfaces 1C5 2-26 . ................................................................. Cleaning Windshield and Windows LC5 2-27 . Cleaning Headliner. Side Panels and Seats IC6 ...................................................... 2-28 . .......................................................................................... Cleaning Carpets 1C6 . . 2-29 . Servlclng ........................................................................................................................ 1C6 . . 2-30 . Introduction to Servlclng .............................................................................. 1C6 2-3 1 . Landing Gear System ........................................................................................................ 1C6 2-32 . Servicing Landing Gear .................................................................................. 1C6 2-33 . Oleo Struts............... ...... ............................................................................................. 1C7 2-34 . ...................... 2-35 . 1C8 2-36 . 2-37 . Brake System 2-38 . 2-39 . Filling Brake Cylinder Reservoir . . 2-40 . Dralnlng Brake System .......................... ........ .............................................. lClO Revised: 1011198 HANDLING AND SERVICING PLPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Aerofiche Grid No . 'lires ................................................................................................................................... .Servicing lires .............................. ............................................................... Power Plant .................................................................................................................... . . ........................ ..................................................... Servic~ngPower Plant .. Propeller .......................................................................................................................... .Servlc~ngPropeller .......................................................................................... . Power Plant Induction Au Fllter ...................................................................................... . . ...................................................................................... Removal of Au F~lter . .Induction AII Fllter ......................................................................................... ...................... ................... Cleaning Induction Air Filter, Turbocharged .. ....................................... ...................... Installation of Induction Air Filter .. . .Vacuum System Au Filters ........................ .. ............................................................. .................................................................. Replacement of Central Air Filter .......................................................... Replacement of Instrument Air Filter Replacement of Vacuum Regulator Filters ..................................................... Fuel Systems ..................................................................................................................... . ................................................................................... Serviclng Fuel System ............................................................................................ Filling Fuel Cells ...................................................................... Draining Fuel Valves and L i e s . .Dmning Fuel System ..................................................................................... Electrical System............................... ............................................................................... . . ................................................. ................... Servlclng Electrical System ... Oxygen System ................................................................................................................. . ............................................. ................. Servlclng the Oxygen System .... ................................................................ Oxygen System Safety Precautions ................................................................................. Filling Oxygen Cylinder ........................................................... Inspection and Overhaul Time Limits . . ...................................................................................................................... Lubncatlon Oil Systems (Engine) ....................................................................................................... . . ...................................................................................... Servlclng Oil System . . Drainlng Oil Sump.......................................................................................... ............................................................................................... Filling Oil Sump ............................... Oil Screen (Suction ....................................................................................... Oil Screen (Pressure) ......................................................................................... Oil Filter (Full Flow) Turbo Oil Filter Cleaning Procedur ................. ................................................................. Recommendations for Changing Oil . . Lubncat~onInstructions ...................................................................................................... . . ............................................................................................. Application of Oil . . Appllcat~onof Grease ....................................................................................... Lubrication Chart ............................................ HANDLING AND SERVICLNG Revised: 10IU98 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK Revised: 1011198 HANDLLNG AND SERVICING PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL SECTION 11 HANDLING AND SERVICING 1-1. INTRODUCTION. This section contains routine handling and servicing procedure5 that are most frequently encountered. Frequent reference to this sectlon w ~ l la d the individual by providing information such as the location of various components. ground I handling procedures, mutine senice procedures and lubrication. When any system or component requires senice other than the procedures outlined in this sectlon, refer to the appropriate section for that component. 2-2. DIMENSIONS. The principal airplane dimensions are shown in Figures 2-1 and 2-2. and are listed in Table 11-1. 1-3. STATION REFERENCE LINES. In order to facilitate the location of various components of the airplane which require maintenance and servicing, a method utilizing fuselage station, wing station or buttock line (BL), and water line (WL) designations is frequently employed in this manual. (Refer t o Figures 2-3 and 2 4 . ) Fuselage stations, buttock lines, and water lines are reference points measured by inches in the vertical o r horizontal direction from a given reference line which indicates station locations of structural memben of the airplane. Station 0 of the fuselage is located 13.37 inches aft of the foremost point of the nose. Station 0 (BL) of the wing and stabilator is the center line of the airplane: and station 0 (WL) of the fuselage, venical stabilizer and rudder is 8.25 inches below the bottom edge of the fonvard left side window. The reference datum line or 0 fuselage station reference line is located 79 inches fonvard of the wing leading edge. 2 4 . WEIGHT AXD BALANCE DAT.4. When figuring various weight and balance computations. the weight and empty weight center of gravity of the vrplane may be found in the Weight and Balance Form of the Airplane Flight Manual. HANDLING AND SERVICING Revised: 1/31/74 1A22 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE hLANUAL Figure 2-1. T h r e e View of l%in Comanche P.4-30 Serial Sos. 30-1 ro 30-832 inclusive and 30-854 to 30-901 inclus~ve HAhDLING AXD SERViCITG Issued: I 2 . : 3 ' 7 1 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Figure 2-2. Three View of %in Comanche P.4-30 Serial Nos. 30-853, 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive HANDLING AND SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 PIPER TWlN COMANCHE SERVlCE MANUAL a TABLE 11-1. LEADING PARTlCULARS AND PRlNClPAL DlMENSlONS MODEL PA-30 ENGlNE Manufacturer Model FAA Type Certificate Rated Horsepower Rated Horsepower, RPM: Full Throttle Performance Cruise (75% rated) Economy Cruise (65% rated) Fuel Consumption Cruise 75% Rated Power 65% Rated Power 60% Rated Power Propeller Drive Ratio Propeller Shaft Rotation Bore Stroke - Displacement Compression Ratio Weight (With Starter and Generator or Alternator) Dimensions: Height Width Length Oil, SAE Number Oil Sump Capacity Oil Consumption, Maximum Fuel, Aviation Grade, Minimum Octane Fuel Injector, Bendix Magneto (2). Scintilla Magneto Drive, Ratio to Crankshaft Magneto Drive, Rotation Magneto Timing Magneto Point Clearance Issued: 12/29/72 Avco-Lycoming 10-320 B1A l E l 2 1 60 160 hp @ 2700 RPM I20 h p @ 2450 RPM 104 h p @ 2350 RPM 10.0 gph 8.8 gph 8.2 gph I : I Clockwise 5.125 in. 3.875 in. 319.8 cu. in. 8.50:l 287 lbs. 19.22 in. 32.24 in. 33.59 in. Refer to Table 11-111 8 quarts 0.010 lb./ bhp/hr. 9 1/96 octane RSA-SAD I S4LN-21 I : I Clockwise 25 degrees BTC 0.018 + 0.006 HANDLlNG AND SERVlClNG PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-1. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS MODEL PA-30 Turbo ENGINE Manufacturer Model FAA Type Certificate Rated Horsepower Rated Horsepower, RPM: Full Throttle Performance C ~ i s e(75% rated) Economy Cruise (65% rated) Fuel Consumption Cruise 75% Rated Power 65% Rated Power 60% Rated Power Propeller Drive Ratio Propeller Shaft Rotation Bore Stroke Displacement Compression Ratio Weight (With Starter and Generator or Alternator) Dimensions: Height W~dth Length Oil. SAE Number Oil Sump Capacity Oil Consumption, Maximum Fuel, Aviation Grade. Minimum Octane Fuel Injector. Bendix Magneto (2). Scintilla Magneto Drive. Ratio to Crankshaft Magneto Drive, Rotation Magneto Timing Magneto Point Clearance HANDLING AND SERVICING Avco- Lycoming 10-320 CIA 1E12 160 160 hp @ 2700 RPM 120 hp @ 2450 RPM 104 hp @ 2350 RPM 10.0 gph 8.8 gph 8.2 gph 1:l Clockwise 5.125 in. 3.875 in. 319.8 cu. in. 8.50: 1 294 lbs. 19.22 in. 32.24 in. 33.59 in. Refer to Table 11-lII 8 quarts 0.010 lb./bhp/hr. 1001130 octane RSA-SAD1 S4LN-21 1:l Clockwise 25 degrees BTC 0.018 + 0.006 Issued: 12129n2 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-1. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS (cont.) MODEL PA -30 ENGINE (cont .) Spark Plugs (shielded): A C Champion Spark Plug Gap Setting (in.)'" F i r i n g O r d e r Tachometer Drive. Ratio T o Crankshaft Tachometer Drive, Rotation S t a r t e r Delco-Remy. 12-volt Prestolite, 12-volt S t a r t e r Drive, Ratio to Crankshaft S t a r t e r Drlve. Rotation Generator, Delco- Remy Voltage Regulator, Delco-Remy Paralleling Relay. Delco-Rerny Alternator. Prestolite Voltage Regulator, Prestolite Over Voltage Control. Prestolite Vacuum Pump Drive, Ratio to Cr;lnkshafr Vacuum Pump Drive, Rotation Propeller Governor D r i v e Propeller Governor Ratio Fuel Pump PROPELLER Manufacrurrr Type Hub Blade ( 2 ) D ~ a m e t e r Diameter. Minimum III s C F C l T o L I C O V I M O 1 1 9 v I L E I M I T ? u C T ~ O N - 0 . I 0 4 2 SR-88D REM-40E 0 . 0 1 8 to 0.022 in. 1-3-2-4 0 . 5 : l Clockwise Model 11095 1 1 Model MZ4206 13.55:l Counterclockwise 12-volt, 50 amp. Model 1101915 I1 19246 (50 amp) 11 16887 (50 amp) 12-volt. ALX 8403 VSF 7203 8A XI7621 1 .30:1 Counterclockwise AN20010 Type X X 0.866:l AC-GP6440296 Hartzell Constant Sprcd Feathering HC-E2YL-?B. HC-EIYL-2BF. HC-E?YL-2BS 01 HC-EIYL-IBSF 76634 or F7h63-4 72 ln. 70 in. HANDLING .AND SERVICING PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL MODEL TABLE 11-1 LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS (cont .) a ENGINE (cont .) Spark Plugs (shielded): AC Champion S p a r k Plug Gap Setting (in .) F i r i n g O r d e r T a c h o m e t e r Drive, Ratio T o Crankshaft T a c h o m e t e r Drive, Rotation S t a r t e r Delco-Remy. 12-volt Prestolite. 12-volt S t a r t e r Drive, Ratio to Crankshaft S t a r t e r Drive, Rotation G e n e r a t o r , Delco-Remy Voltage Regulawr, Delco-Remy Paralleling Relay, Delco-Remy Alternator, Prestolite Voltage Regulator, Prestolite Over Voltage Control, R e s t o l i t e Vacuum Pump Drive, Ratio, to Crankshaft Vacuum Pump Drive, Rotation Propeller Governor D r i v e Propeller Governor Ratio Fuel Pump PROPELLER Manufacturer Type Hub Blade (2) Diameter Diameter, Minimum 1 1 ) l E F E l T O L I C O M I M O S E R V I C E I M S T W J C I I O I *a. l0.1. PA -30 Turbo 171 R EB-37N 0 . 0 1 5 to 0.021 i n . 1-3-2-4 0.5:1 Clockwise 1109511 MZ4206 13.55:l Counterclockwise 12-volt, 50 amp, Model 1101915 11 19246 (50 amp) 1 116887 (50 amp) 12-volt, ALX 8403 VSF 7203 8A a XI7621 1 . 3 0 : l Counterclockwise AN20010 Type X X 0.866: 1 Lear-Siegler RG17980 Hartzell Constant Speed Feathering HC-E2YL-2B. HC-E2YL-2BF. HC-E2YL-?BS or HC-E2YL-2BSF 76634 or F76634 72 In. 70 In. Issued: 1 2/29/72 HANDLING AND SERVlClN Y PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-1. LEADINC PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS ( c o n t . ) MODEL PA-30 PROPELLER (cont .) Blade Angle, Low 1 2 ' Blade Angle, High"' Control Governor Governor Model 1 2 . 0 i 0.015 d e g r e e s 78 d e g r e e s H a r u e l l F 6 - 3 o r F6 FUEL CELL CAPACITIES Inboard (Main) Fuel Cells Two Capacity (each) 30 U . S . gallons Unusable Fuel (each) 3 U . S . gallons Outboard (Auxiliary) Fuel Cells Two Capacity (each) 15 U. S . gallons Tip Tanks Two (optional) Capacity (each) 1 5 U. S. gallons LANDING GEAR Type Electrically r e t r a c t a b l e Shock Strut Type Combination Air and Oil Fluid Required (Struts & Brakes) MIL-H-5606 (Red) Strut Extension (Static Load) 2 . 7 5 in. \4axinium A i r P r e s s u r e (Strut) 100 psi T r e a d (Wldth from each t i r e cenrer) 9 ft . Y .ji n . Wheel Base 7 ft. :3.625 i n . Nose Wheel Travel 25' Max. 19" Llin. rlght. 25" Max. 19' Min. left Main Wheel T o e - I n 0 d e g r e e s Turning Radius (Min .) 28 ft . l . 5 i n . Wheel, Nose Cleveland 38501 Wheel. Main Cleveland 4 0 - 3 4 " ' ~ l e v e l a n d40-90"' Brake Type (Disc) Cleveland 30-23 T i r e . Nose 6:00 x 6, 6 ply rated T i r e . Main 6:00 x 6. 6 ply rated T i r e P r e s s u r e 42 psi 121 BLIDL .NCIL r l 3 0 I N . . I l i D u I . I11 5 ~ ~ 1 1 1 N O S . 3 & 2 T O 1 - 6 4 5 I I I C L . I 4 I E R I a L N O S . 1-8.6 .NO UP. Issued. I 2!?Y/72 H.-\NDLING .AND SERVICIWG PIPER TWlN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-1. LEADlNG PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIMENSIONS (contd) PA-30 MODEL PROPELLER (contd) Blade Angle, Low Blade Angle, High 2 Control Governor Governor Model FUEL C E L L CAPAClTlES lnboard (Main) Fuel Cells Capacity (each) Unusable Fuel (each) Outboard (Auxiliary) Fuel Cells Capacity (each) Tip Tanks Capacity (each) LANDING GEAR TYP'e Shock Strut Type Fluid Required (Struts & Brakes Strut Extension (Static Load) Maximum Air Pressure (Strut) Tread (Width from each tire center) Wheel Base Nose Wheel Travel Main Wheel Toe-ln Turning Radius (Min.) Wheel. Nose Wheel, Main Brake Type Tire, Nose Tire, Main Tire Pressure 2 - B L A D E A N G L E AT 30 I N RADIUS. 3 . S E R I A L NOS. 3&2 TO 30-845 INCL. 4 - S E R I A L NOS. 30-846 A N D UP. Issued: 12/29/72 12.0 + 0.015 degrees 78 degrees Hartzell F6-3 Two 30 U.S. gallons 3 U.S. gallons Two I5 U.S. gallons Two I5 U.S. gallons Electrically retractable Combination Air and Oil MIL-H-5606 (Red) 2.75 in. 100 psi 9 ft. 9.5 in. 7 ft. 3.625 in. 25: Max. 19f Min. right. 25: Max. 19f Min. left 0 degrees 28 ft. l l in. Cleveland 38501 Cleveland 40-343 Cleveland 4-90' (Disc) Cleveland 30-23 6:00 x 6. 6 ply rated 6:00 x 6, 6 ply rated 42 psi HANDLING AND SERVlClN b PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-1. LEADING PARTICULARS AND PRINCIPAL DIkIENSlOh'S 1cont.1 I MODEL PA-30. PA-30 Turbo OVERALL G r o s Weight Gross Weight Landing Width (Span) Length Height (Static Ground Line) Height, Propeller Hub, Thrust Line Level Clearance. RopeUer Tips, Thrust Line Level FUSELAGE Length (Including Tail Cone Fairing) Width (Without Stabilator) Height (Without Vertical Fin) WINGS Span (Width) Chord: Station 25 inches Station 62 inches Station 2 l l inches Dihednl (Leading Edge) Incidence Wing Twist Lcngth of Flap Lmgth of Aileron Stabilator Overall Span Fin Setting. Fixed I11 PA-10 TURBO ONLY. HANDLING AKD SERVlCING I Revised: 1/31 I74 3600 lbs.. 3725 !bs.I1' 3600 lbs.. 3725 lbs."' 35 ft. 1 1.75 in. 36 ft. 9.625 in. (11 25 ft. 1.9375 in. 8 ft. 2.875 in. 4 ft. 6 in. 11.5 in. 23 ft. 0.950 in. 47.875 in. 53.875 in. 35 ft. 11.75 in. 36 ft. 9.625 in."' 7 ft. I in. 5 ft. 5 in. 3 ft. 3 in. 5 degrees 2 degrees 0 degees 110.90 in, 75.30 in. 12 ft. 6in. 0 degree centerlinc PIPER TWIN C O M A N C H E S E R V I C E MANUAL T A B L E 11-1. LEADING P A R T I C U L A R S A N D PRINCIPAI. DIMI'.NSIONS (cont.1 I M O D E L PA-30. PA-30 ' r t ~ r b o A R E A S T o t a l Wing Area (Including Aileron a n d Flaps) 1 7 8 sq. f t . Aileron 14.1 sq. ft. F l a p 20.2 sq. I't. Stabilator. including trim l a b 3 2 . 5 sq. ft. F i n 9 . 0 sq. ft. R u d d e r 5.9 sq. ft. C O N T R O L S U R F A C E S T R A V E L I R E F E R T O T A B L E S V-1 A N D V-IA. C O N T R O L S U R F A C E C A B L E T E N S I O N I R E F E R T O T A B L E S V-l A N D V-IA. HANDLING A N D S E R V l C l N G Revised: 1 / 3 1 / 7 4 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Figure 2-3. Station Reference Lines. Fuselage HANDLlNG A N D SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 PIPER TWlN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL HANDLING A N D SERVICING Issued: 12/29/72 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1775 1 2 3 4 5 8 7 8 9 10 11 12 SERIAL NOS. 30-1 T O 30-852. 30-854 T O 30-901 INCL. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 9 10 11 18 1 2 13 1415 18 17 SERIAL NOS. 30-853 A N D 3 0 - 9 0 2 A N D UP 1. ELEnRlCAL WIRES. OXYGEN CONTROL U B L E 11. CONTROL CABLES 2. FUSE PANEL 11. BRAKE LINES. MAIN N E L CELL OUTLET UNE. 3. ELECTRICU WIRES. FUEL UNE RIGHT ENGINE CONTROL CABLES 4. UNDlNG GEAR RETUACTION TR*NSMISSION ASSEMBLY 13. CONTROL CABLE PULLEY CLUSTER. B R M E UNE 6. ELECTRICAL WIRES. FUEL UNE RIGHT ENGINE LEFT GEAR. TRIM SENSOR. MAJN G€4R PUSH.PULL 6. FUEL PUMPS. FUEL SELECTOR VALVE CONTROLS CONTROL CABLE. TIP TANK FUEL UNE 7. MAIN N E L CELL OUTLET UNE. ELECTRICAL WIRES 14. AILERON AND F L A P CONTROL PULLEYS 8. FUEL SELECTOR VALVES AND DRAINS 16. FLAP ACTUATING TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY. FLAP 9. MAIN G E M WSH-PUU CONTROL CABLES. CONTROL PULLEYS. AUTOPILOT PITCH SERVO BFLAKE LINE. RIGHT GEM AND TIP TANK FUEL UNE 10 ELECTRIUL WIRES. NSELAGE STRINGERS 10. COMROL CABLE WLL- CLUSTER. BRAKE UNES. 17. GYRO AMPLIFIER AUTOPILOT ~ r r wSERVO 18. CONTROL CABLES 19. CONTROL CABLES AND PULLEYS. FUSELAGE STRINGERS Figure 2 - 5 . Access P!ates and Panels, Fuselage I n t e r i o r t i A hDLISG AAND SERVICIXG I s s ~ e d :l'_/Z9/73 PIPER TWIN COblANCHE SERVICE X1.41\;UAL 1. NOSE LANDING GEAR 8. VERTICAL FIN AmACHMENT BOLTS. ELT TRANSMITTER 2. FUEL SELECTOR VALVES. FUEL DRAINS. FUEL SCREENS 9. RUDDER CONTROL HORN. STABILATOR TOROUE TUBE. 3. MAIN GEAR WSH-PULL CONTROL CABLES. FLAP POSITION S T A B I M O R CONTROL STOPS. STABlLAToR TRIM SENDING UNR MECHIHISM 4. MAIN FUEL CELL OUTLET 10. ROTATING BEACON 6. FUSELAGE AFT SECTION INTERIOR 11. STABILATOR BALANCE ARM AND WEIGHT. STABILATOR i 6. BRAKE FLUID RESERVOIR. CENTRAL AIR FILTER. HEATER CONTROL CABLE ATTACHMENT ENDS. RUDDER TRIM NOSE GEAR. VOLTAGE REGULATORS. PARULEUNG RELAY BUNGEE 7. OXYGEN FILLER 1 2 EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE 13. BAGGAGE AREA 8ATTERY Figure 2 - 6 . -4ccess Plates and Panels, Fuselage 2.4-.30. Serial Nos. 30-1 t o 30-852 inci. and 30-854 to 20-501 incl ti.\SDLISG -4hQ SERVICIX Issued: 12/29/72 PIPER T W I N COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL n 1 NOSE LANDING GEAR 2 FUEL SELECTOR VALVES. FUEL DRAINS. FUEL SCREENS 3 V A I N A h D l h G GEAR P-SAP,LL COhTRO- CAB-ES FLAP ACT,ATlhG I TRANSM SSlON F A P POS TlON SENDER JNlT AdTOPlLOT 4 M A I N FUEL CELL OUTLET 5 EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE 6 BATTERY VOLTAGE REGULATOR BRAKE FLUID RESERVOIR CENTRAL AIR FILTER HEATER NOSE GEAR. PARALLELING RELAY 7 BAGGAGE AREA 8 OXYGEN FILLER 9 VERTICAL FIN ATTACHMENT BOLTS. ELT TRANSMITTER 10 RUDDER CONTROL HORN STABILATOR TOROUE TUBE. STABIIATOR I CONTROL STOPS. STABILATOR TRIM MECHANISM 11. ROTATING BEACON 12. STABILATOR BALANCE ARM AND WEIGHT. STABILATOR CONTROL CABLE ATTACHMENT ENDS. RUDDER TRIM BUNGEE Figure 2 - 7 . .4scess Plates and Panels, Fuselage P.i-30, Serial Nos. 30-833, 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive HAhDLING .4hD SERVICISG Issued: 12!19.'1 PII'ER TWIN COMALACHE SERVICE 11.4 SC.A I 1. PROPELLER RECHARGE VALVE 2. OIL FILLER 3. VACUUM REGULATOR. ENGINE CONTROL CABLES AND ELECTRICAL WIRE CONNECTIONS 4 FUEL CELL M A l N 5 FUEL CELL FILLER. M A l N 6 NACELLE INTERIOR 7 FUEL CELL. AUXILIARY 8 FUEL CELL FILLER. AUXILIARY 9 WING TIP 10 ENGINE CONTROL CABLES. ELECTRICAL WIRE CONNECTORS. FUEL LlNE CONNECTIONS. STATIC AIR LlNE CONNECTIONS. BRAKE LlNE CONNECTIONS AND FRONT AND REAR SPAR A l l A C H M E N T POINTS 11 ENGINE OIL DRAIN 12 FUEL CELL OUTLET AUXILIARY 13 M A l N LANDING GEAR AND BRAKE ASSEMBLY 14 EUNGEE CORD 15 FLAP BELLCRANK 16 AILERON CABLE PULLEYS 17 AILERON BELLCRANK 18 PlTOT TUBE 19 STEP LOCK ADJUSTMENT F i g u r e 2 - 8 . Access P l a t e s and Panels, \\'in@s H.4SDLIXG .4X7J S E R V I C I S G Issued: 12;19,'72 P I P E R TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE M A N U A L 2-5. S E R I A L NUMBER PLATE. The serial number plate o n the PA-30 can be found at the following locations: O n the forward upper portion of the forward cabin bulkhead; inside the fuselage on the left skin opposite the rear fuselage access panel; or on the fuselage adjacent to the left side of the tail skid. Airplane serial numbers will be used in this manual where servicing difference occurs, and should be used when contacting the factory on service o r warranty matters. 2-6. ACCESS A N D INSPECTION PROVISIONS. The access and inspection provisions for the airplane are shown in Figures 2-5 thru 2-8. The component to beserviced or inspected through each opening is assigned an index number to identify it in the illustration. All access plates and panels are secured by either metal fasteners o r screws. The floor panels may be removed by first removing the desired seats, then sliding the carpet edges from under its retainer strips. lifting the edges a n d removing the carpet attaching screws. Remove the carpet. thus exposing the floor panel attaching screws. T o enter the aft section of the fuselage. remove the lower rear baggage compartment upholstery panel by removing the attaching screws. CAUTION Before entering the aft section of the fuselage, be sure the airplane is supported at the tail skid. 2-7. T O O L S A N D TEST EQUIPMENT. Because of the simplicity and easy accessibility of components, few special tools outside normal shop tools will be required. Tools that are required may be fabricated from dimensions given in the back of the section that pertains t o a particular component or are listed in the back of . the PA-30 P a n s Catalog. 2-8. T O R Q U E REQUIREMENTS. The torque values given in Table 11-11 are derived from oil-free cadmium-plated threads and are recommended for all airframe installation procedures where torqueing is required, unless otherwise noted in sections where other values are stipulated. Engine torquevaluesare found I in the latest revision of Avco-Lycoming Service Bulletin No. 268. Propeller torquevaluesare found in Section Vlll of this rrianual. Table 11-la lists the torque valves for flared fittings of various sizes and material. Revised: 10/27/82 HANDLIKC A N D SERVICIKC PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE M A N U A L C A U T I O N D o n o t o v e r t o r q u e fittings N O T E W h e n flared fittings a r e being installed. ascertain t h a t t h e male t h r e a d s a r e properly lubricated. T o r q u e t h e fittings in accordance with T a b l e 11-1A. I 1 M I \ I M I M M A X I M U M I M I \ I M L M M A X 1 M I : M I M I X I M I ' M M A X I M U M 1 T A B L E 11-IA. F L A R E F I T T I N G T O R Q U E S - T O R Q U E I X C H - P O U N D Added: 10/28/82 HANDLING A N D SERVICIXC I I ' H l \ ( i 0U I \ C H E S STEEL. l ~ L ' H l \ G FI A K I . 4 \ D IO(lh1 4 1 . U M I \ I ' M - A L L O Y 1 I : R I \ ( s 11 4 K E - A N D Illllhl O K 2 \ 1 1 1007X H O S E E 5 D FITTI\(; A K D H O S E 4 S S E M B I I E S TWIN C O M A N C H E SERVICE M A N U A L 2-8a. T O R Q U E WRENCHES. Torque wrenches should be checked daily and calibrated by means of weights and a measured lever arm t o make sure that inaccuraciesare not present. Checkingone torque wrench against another is not sufficient and is not recommended. Some wrenchesarequite sensitive a s to the way they are supported duringa tighteningoperation. Any instructions furnished by the manufacturer must be followed explici~ly. When it is necessary t o use a special extension or adapter wrench together with a torque wrench, a simple mathematical equation must be worked out t o arriveat the correct torque reading. Following is the formula to be used: (Refer to Figure 2-8a.) T = T o r q u e desired a t the part. A = Basic lever length from center of wrench shank t o center of handle o r stamped on wrench or listed for that model wrench. B =Length of adapter extension, center of bolt to center of shank. C =Scale reading needed to obtain desired torque (T). The formula: C = A x T A + B EXAMPLE A bolt requires 30 foot-pounds and a 3 inch adapter (one-quarter of a foot o r ,257 is needed to get a t it. You want to know what scale reading it will take on a one-foot lever a r m wrench t o obtain the 30 foot-pounds a t the bolt. Remember, the 3 inch adapter must be projecting 3 inches straight along the wrench axis. In general, avoid all complex assemblages or adapters and extensions of flex joints. A 9 3 3 Figure 2-8a. Torque Wrench Formula Added: 10/28/82 1B17 HANDLING A N D SERVICIKG PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-11, RECOMMENDED NUT TORQUE (INCH-POUNDS) TABLE B TORQUES: The imoonance of correct aoolication cannot be overemuhasized I -. Undenorque can result in unnecessary wear of nuts and bolts as well as the pans lhev are holding together When insufficnent pressures are applied. I COARSE THREAD SERIES I - - . . uneven loads will be transrnnned throughout theassemblywh~chmay result in B X C ~ S S I V ~weer or premature failure due to fatigue Overtorque can be equally damaging because of fanlure of a boll or nut from overslresslng the thread areas. The followtng procedures should be followed to assure that the correct torque is applied' 1 Torque (self-locking lastenersl-Add the fr~ct~ontorque from Table Afrom sues 8 through 7/16 to the recommendedtarque from Table B to get the fnnal torque Thls would be the actual readmng on the torque wrench 2 Torque lcestellated and non-self.lock~ngnutsl.Use only the lorque given in Table B Unless otherw~seswcified, when castellated nuts are used wlth a cotter pln on moving latnts, donottorquethe nut Turn the nut onto the bolt until proper grlp is eslabllshed and alignment wlth the colter pnn hole 1s achieved. then ~nstallthe coner pan. 3 Calibrate the torque wrench permod~callyto assure accuracy: recheck frequently. 4 Ascertann that the bolt and nut threads are clean and dry (unless olher- BOLTS S m I Tension AN 3 thru AN 20 AN 42 thru AN 49 AN 73 thru AN 81 AN 173 thru AN 186 MS 20033 rhru MS 20096 MS 20073 MS 20074 AN 509 NK9 MS 24694 AN 5 X NK525 MS 27039 wise spec~f!edby the manufacturel If the boll or nut is spec~lnedto be lubr~catedprlor to tlghtenlng. the torque range should be reduced 50% 5 Use a bolt length longenoughtoprevent beartngloadsonlhethreads The complete chamfer or end radlusof the bolt or screw mustezrendthrouph the nut. 6 Untque torques specified in the text of this manual supersedethetorques given i n Tables A and B. 7 Refer to the latest revlslon of Lycomlng SSP1776 for torques on parts used on Lvcoming engnnes 8 A maximum of two AN960 washers may be added under the bolt headsar nuts to correct far variatnons in maternal thickness within the tolerances permltled 9 L ~ m i t a t ~ o n r b l the use of self-locking nuts, bolts and screws ~ncludmng fasteners woth non-metallic onserts are as follows A ?asteners lncorporatlng self-lack~ngdev~cesshall no! be reused if they can be run up ustng only lingers. They may be reused if hand 1001s are requ~redto run them up, provldnng there is no obvlous damage to the self-locklng devace prlor to lnstallat~on B Bolts 5/16 lnch d~ameterand over wlth cotter pln holesmaybe used with self-locktng nuts Nuts with non-metallic locking devmcas may be used in th~sapplmcat!ononly #{theboltsare free from burrsaraund the cotter pln hole C Do not use self-lock~ngnulsal l o ~ n t s w h ~ c h rub)pcl enher the nut or the bolt to rotatlon D Never tap or relhread sell-lock~ngfaslenersDonot use nuts boltsor Screws wnlh damaged threads or rough ends TABLE A FRlcT17~DRAGl TORQUE IN LBS 1/4 3 0 5/16 6 0 3 / 8 8 0 7 / 1 6 100 1'APPLICABLE TO COARSE THREADS ONLY AN 310 AN 315 AN 363 AN 365 NAS 1021 MS 17825 MS 31045 MS 20365 MS 20500 NAS 679 AN 320 AN 364 NAS 1022 MS 17826 MS 20364 Torque Lomots Revised: 10/28/82 HANDLING AND SERVlClNG PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL TABLE 11-11. RECOMMENDED NUT TORQUE (INCH POUNDS) (cont.) HANDLING AND SERVICING BOLTS Stwl Tsnrion AN 3 thru AN 20 AN 42 thru AN 49 AN 7 3 t h ~AN 81 AN 173 thru A N 186 MS 20033 thru MS 2W46 MS 20073 MS 20074 AN 5Q9 NK9 MS 24694 AN 525 NK525 MS 27039 NUTS S m l T n s i o n AN 310 AN 315 AN 363 AN 165 NAS 1021 MS 17825 MS 21M5 MS 2a366 MS 20500 NAS 679 BOLTS St-1 Tension MS mIxthNMS2(3024 NAS 144 thru NAS 158 NAS 333 thru NAS 3U) NAS 583 thru NAS 590 NAS 624 thru NAS 644 NAS 1303 thm NAS 1320 NAS 172 NAS 174 SmlShear AN 320 AN 364 NAS i o n MS 17826 MS2M84 FINE THREAD SERIES NAS 517 S m l Tensban AN 310 AN 315 AN AN 365 MS 17825 MS 20365 MS 21M5 NAS 1021 NAS 679 NAS 12Bl BOLTS Aluminum AN 3DD mru AN ZOOD AN 1730D thru AN 186DD AN 50BDD AN 525D MS 270390 MS 2-0 NUTS S ~ I hear bolt ' 7 NAS 464 NUTS StwlShem AN 320 AN 364 NAS 1022 MS 17826 MS 20364 Alum. Tension AN 365D AN 3 1 0 ~ NAS 1021D Alum. Shaa AN 320D AN 364D NAS 1022D Nut+olt size 8 -36 10 -32 114--28 5/16-24 3/8-24 7/1&20 1/2-20 9/16-18 5/8-18 3/4-16 7/8-14 1 -14 11/8-12 1.114-12 Toque Limits in-lbs Min. Max. Toque Limits in4bs 5 10 30 40 76 180 280 380 550 950 1.250 1.600 2.100 3.900 Toqum Limits in-lbs Min. Max. Torque Limits i n - l b Min. Max. Min. 12 20 M 100 160 450 480 1.100 2.3W 2.500 3,700 5 . W 9 . W 10 15 45 65 110 280 410 580 870 1,250 1.900 2,4W 3.200 5.600 3 5 15 25 45 110 160 230 270 5W 750 950 1.250 2.300 7 12 30 60 95 270 290 480 560 1.- 1.500 2.200 3.000 5.400 Max. 15 25 70 140 190 500 690 8 0 0 1 , 0 0 0 1,300 2.500 3.000 4.500 ' 7 . m 11.000 Torque Limio iwlbs 6 10 30 40 70 170 260 360 420 880 1.200 1.500 2.OW 3.650 9 . 15 40 85 110 300 + l o 6W 780 1.500 1.800 3.300 4.200 6.600 Toque Limits in-lbs Min. 25 80 120 200 520 770 1,250 2.650 3.550 4,500 6.000 1 l . m Min. 15 50 70 120 300 460 650 750 1.600 2.100 2.700 3.6W 6.600 M u . 30 100 145 250 530 950 1.1001.300 1.550 3.200 4.350 6.500 7.332 13.400 Max. 20 60 90 150 400 550 800 950 1.9W 2.690 3.300 4.400 8,000 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL --- TABLE LI-111 DECIMAL CONVERSION CHART HANDLING AND SERVICING I Issued: 12!19/77, PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE M A N U A L a 2-9. HANDHOLD AND WALKWAYS. A fixed handhold is located on [lie righr side of the fuselage, above che r e a r window. Walkways of four p a r t s Drvoe nun- skid compound and one part black enamel a r e painted on [he right wing and I'lap. T h e lines of rivets on the walkway a r e covered with non-skid paper s t r i p s , st.- cured with sculp-metal compound before the walk i s applied. Avoid damage to the wings by stepping only on the walkway. a H A S E L I S G .4YD SERVICING Iswed: 1 2 '29172 TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Figure 2-9. Jacking Arrangements 2-10. GROUND HANDLING. 2-1 1. INTRODUCTION T O GROUND HANDLING. Ground handling covers all essential information governing the handling of the airplane while on the ground. This includes jacking. weighing, leveling, mooring. parking, towing and taxiing. When the airplane is handled in the manner described in the following para- graphs, damage t o the airplane and its equipment will be prevented. 2-12. JACKING. The airplane is provided with a jack pad on each main spar just outboard of the engine nacelle and a support position by making use of the tail skid. (Refer to Figure 2-9.) To jack the airplane. proceed as follows: a. Place the jacks under the jack pads. b. Attach the tail support to the tail skid. Place approximately 350 pounds of ballast on thesupport to hold the tail down. CAUTION Be sure to apply sufficient tail support ballast; otherwise the airplane will tip forward and fall on the fuselage nose section. c. Raise the jacks evenly until all three wheels clear the floor. ( Revised: 10/28/82 H A N D L I N G A N D SERVICIXG 1B22 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Figure 2-10. Weighing Airplane 2-13. WEIGHING. (Refer t o Figure 2-10.) The airplane may be weighed by the following procedure: a. Position a scale and ramp in front of each of the three wheels. b. Secure the scales from rolling forward and tow the airplane up onto the scales using the towing procedure as given in paragraph 2-18. c. Remove the ramp so as not to interfere with the scales. d. If the airplane is t o be weighed for weight and balance computations. level the airplane per instructions given in paragraph 2-14. 2-14. LEVELING. All configurations of the airplane are provided with a means for longitudinal and lateral leveling. The airplane may be leveled while on jacks. during the weighing procedure while the wheels are on scales, or while the wheels are on the ground. T o level the airplane for purposes of weighing or rigging, the following procedures may be used: a. To longitudinally level the airplane, partially withdraw the two leveling machine screws on the side of the fuselage. On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-1 to 30-852 inclusive and 30-854 to 30-901 inclusive, the screws are located overthe baggagedoor. (Refer t o Figure 2-1 I . ) Onairplanes with Serial Numbers 30-853 and 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive. there is one screw fore and one aft of the right rear window. (Refer t o Figure 2- 12.) Place a spirit level on these screw heads and adjust the jacks until the level is centered. Should the airplane be either on scales or on the floor, first block the main gear oleos t o full extension; then deflate the nose wheel until the level position is reached. Revised: lO/28/82 HANDLING AND SERVlCllVG PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL Figure 2-1 1 . Leveling Airplane Serial Nos. 30- 1 to 30-852 incl: 30-854 io 30-90i inci. Figure 2 - 1 2 . Leveling Airplane Serial Sos. 30-853. 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive HANDLING A X D 5ERVIClLC Issued: 1 2 . 2 0 : 7 -a PIPER T W I N COMANCHE SERVICE M A h i A L b. T o laterally level airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-1 to 30-852 inclusive and 30-854 to 30-901 inclusive, place a level Jcross the floorboard at Station 136.5 over the blllkhead to which the baggage door hinge brackets are attacl~ed.( R e k r to Figure 1-1I . ) On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-853 and 30-902 to 30-3000 inclusive. place a level on or p v ~ l l e lto the hat section channel of the forward cabin bulkliead. (Refer to Figure 2-12.) Should equipment or other obstacles hinder placing the level directly on the channel. use two spacers (rods. etc.) of equal length between the level and channel to bring the level abovi. anv obstacles. Raise or lower one wing tip by deflating the appropriate tire on the higll side of the airplane or adjusf either jack until the bubble of the level is centered. 2-15. MOORING. The airplane should be moored to insure its immovability. protection and secunty under various weather conditions. 711e foUowing procedure yibc'c t l ~ e instructions for proper mooring of the airplane. a. Head the airplane into the wind, if possible. b. Lock the aileron and stabilator controls using the front seat belt. control wheel lock. or control surface blocks. c. Block the wheels. d. Secure tiedown ropes t o the wing tiedown rings and the tail skid at approximatelv 45degree angles t o the ground. Leave sufficient slack to avoid damage to the aircraft when the ropes contract due to moisture. CAUTION Use square or bowline knots. Do not use slip knots. NOTE Additional prenantions for hi& winds include ,:sing riedown ropes from the landing gear forks. and securing the rudder. . Iqstall pitot t ~ ~ b e cover. if possible. H.4 SDLING .Ah73 SERI'ICISG Issued 12'19/7? PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 2-16. PARKIYG. When parking the airplane. insure that i t is sufficiently pro- tected against adverse weather conditions and presents no danger to other a i r - crafr. When parking the airplane for any length of time o r overnight, it is r e c - ommended thar i t be moored as in paragraph 2-15. a . T o park che airplane, head it into the wind, i f possible. b. Set the par- brake by applying toe p r e s s u r e against the top of the brake pedals and a t the same time pull out onthe brake handle. To release the parking brake, apply toe pressure on the pedals and push in on the parking brake handle. NOTE To prevent damage to brake drum, c a r e should be taken when setting brakes that are overheated o r during cold weather when accumulated moisture may freeze the brake. 2-17. LOCKING AIRPLANE. The cabin and baggage doors a r e provided with a key lock. The s a m e key can be used to operate both door locks. 2-18. TOWING. The airplane may be moved by using the nose whet1 steering bar provided, o r power equipment that will not damage o r cause excess strain to the nose g e a r assembly. On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30- 1 to 30-852 inclu- sive, the steering bar is stowed on the underside of the hat shelf in the baggage compartment. On airplanes with Serial Numbers 30-853 and 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive, it is anached to the forward section of the main spar. When towing with power equipment, do not N r n nose gear more than 20-degrees in either direction a s this will result in damage to the nose g e a r and steering mechanism. HAhDLING .4ND SERVICIS Issued: 12!:9,7 FTPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 1 1 3 3 P I V O T P O I N T Figure 2- 13. Minimum Turning Radius 2- 1 9 . TAXIINC. Before atternpang to mi the airplane, ground personnel should be checked out by a qualified pilot o r other responsible person. Engine starting and shut-down procedures should be covered a s well. Whenit i s ascertained that the propeller back blast and raxi a r e a s a r e clear, apply power to s t a r t the taxi roll and perform the following checks: a . Taxi forward a few feet and apply brakes to determine :heir effectiveness. b . Taxi with propeller set in low pitch. high RPM setting. c . While taxiing, make slight rurns to a s c e r t a i n the effectiveness of steering. d . Observe wing clearances when taxiing near buildings o r other stationary objects. If possible, station a guide outside the airplane to observe. e . When taxiing on uneven ground, look for holes and r u t s . i . Do not operate the engine a t high R b 1 when running up o r taxiing over ground containing loose stones. gravel o r any loose material that may cause damage to h e propeller blades. HAYELIXG A M J SER'vTCING Issued: 1 2!29/72 PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MANUAL 2-20. EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE. 2-21. OPERATION OF EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE. The external power receptacle i s located on the right s i d e of the fuselage. just rearward of the bag- gage door. on airplanes with Serial Nos. 30-2 to 30-852 inclusive and 30-831 to 30-901 inclusive; and on the left s i d e of the nose section of airplanes with Serial Nos. 30-853 and 30-902 to 30-2000 inclusive. When using external power for starting o r operation of anyof the airplane's equipment, place the master switch in the OFF posirion before inserting o r removing the power plug. 2-22. CLEANING. 2-23. CLEANING ENGINE COMPARTMEI'JT. Before cleaning the engine com- partment, place a s t r i p of tape on the magneto vents to prevent any solvent from entering these units. a . Place a large pan under the engine to catch waste. b. With rhe engine cowling removed, spray o r brush the engine with solvent o r a mixrure of solvent and degreaser, a s desired. It may be necessary to brush a r e a s that were sprayed where heavy g r e a s e and d i n deposits have collected in o r d e r to clean them. CAUTION Do not spray solvent into the generator o r alternator. s t a r t e r , o r air intakes. c . Allow the solvent to remain on the engine from five to ten minutes, then rlnse the engine clean with additional solvent and allow to d r y . CAUTION Do nor operate engine until excess solvent has evapo- rated o r otherwise been removed. d . Rr~liovethe protective covers from the magnetos. e Lubricate conuols, bearing surfaces, e t c . , per Lubrication Chart. Figure 2 - 2 0 . HANDLING AhD UDERVICIXG Issued: 12;29;71 I PIPER TWIN COMANCHE SERVICE MAKUAL I a 2-24. CLEAXING LANDING GEAR. Before cleaning the landing gear, place a plastic cover o r similiar material over the wheel and brake assembly. a. Place a pan under the gear to catch waste. b. Spray or brush the gear area with solvent o r a mixture of solvent and degreaser. as desired. It may be necessary to bmsh areas that were sprayed where heavy grease and d i n deposits have collected in order to clean them. c. Allow the solvent to remain on the gear from five to ten minutes, then rinse the gear with additional solvent and allow to dry. d. Remove the cover from the wheel and remove the catch pan. e. Lubricate the gear per Lubrication Chan, Figure 2-20. 2-25, CLEANING EXTERIOR SURFACES. The airplane should be washed with a mild soap and water. H a n h abrasive or alkaline soaps or detergents used on painted o r plastic surfaces could make scratches or cause corrosion of metal surfaces. Cover areas where cleaning solution could cause damage. T o wash the airplane, the following procedure may be used: NOTE When horing down aircraft avoid directing water in the fuel tank vents, drain tubes o r around the sealed cover plates and filler cap access openings. a ' a. Flush away l o o x dirt with water. b. Apply cleaning solution with a rag, sponge or soft bristle brush. c. To remove stubborn oil and grease. use a cloth dampened with naptha. d. Where exhaust stains exist, allow solution to remain on the surface longer. e. Any good automotive wax may be used to preserve the painted surfaces. Soft cleaning cloths or a chamois should be used to prevent scratches when cleaning or polishing. A heavier coating of wax on the leading surfaces will reduce the abrasion problems in these areas. 2-26. CLEANING WINDSHIELD AND WIXDOWS. a. Remove din. mud, etc.. from exterior surface with clean water. b. Wash with mild soap and warm water or on aircraft plastic cleaner. Use a soft cloth or sponge using a straight rubbing motion. Do not harshly rub surfaces. c. Remove oil and grease with a cloth moistened with kerosene. NOTE Do nor use gasoline. alcohol. benezene. cabon tetrachloride, thinner. acetone, or window cleaning sprays. HANDLING AYD SERVICING Revised: 9 lot79 P I P E R T W I N C O M A N C H E S E R V I C E M A N U A L d. After cleaning plastic surfaces, apply a thin coat of hard polishing wax. R u b lightly with a soft clot Do not use a circular motion. e. A severe scratch o r mar in plastic can be removed by using jeweler's rouge to rub out the scratch. Smooth both sides and apply wax. f. T o improve visibility through windshield and windows during flight through rain. a rain repellent such a s REPCON should be applied t o the windshield and windows. The surfaces of the win