Robinson R22 Series Section 9 FATA Supplement

ТОЛКНУТЬ ДВЕРЬ НАРУЖУ (Lift handle Slide handle forward Push door outwards.) Inside both baggage compartments: МАКСИМАЛЬНЬІЙ ВЕС БАГАЖА 23 КГ МАКСИМАЛЬНАЯ НАГРУЗКА НА КРЕСЛО С УЧЕТОМ ВЕСА БАГАЖА 109 КГ (Maximum compartment load 23 kg Maximum seat plus compartment load 109 kg) ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT SECTION 2: LIMITATIONS (cont’d) PLACARDS (cont’d) Located near main fuel tank filler cap: ОСНОВНОЙ БАК АВИАЦИОННЬІЙ БЕНЗИН (Main fuel tank Aviation Gasoline) Located near aux fuel tank filler cap: ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЬІЙ БАК АВИАЦИОННЬІЙ БЕНЗИН ДЛЯ ПОЛНОЙ ЗАПРАВКИ СНАЧАЛА ЗАПРАВЬТЕ ОСНОВНОЙ БАК И ДОЗАПРАВЬТЕ ЕГО ПОСЛЕ ЗАПРАВКИ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО БАКА (Aux fuel tank Aviation gasoline To insure full fuel top off main tank again after filling aux) Near each collective stick: НЕ ЗАГРОМОЖДАТЬ СВОБОДНАЯ ЗОНА (No stowage Keep area clear) In clear view of both occupants: НЕ КУРИТЬ (No smoking) FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.9 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.10 SECTION 3: EMERGENCY PROCEDURES NOTE The following procedures are unchanged from those of the basic manual. Altitudes are converted to meters and airspeeds are converted to km/h only. POWER FAILURE ABOVE 150 METERS (500 FEET) AGL 1. Lower collective immediately to maintain rotor RPM. 2. Establish a steady glide at approximately 111 km/h (65 KIAS). (For maximum glide distance, see page 9-F7.11.) 3. Adjust collective to keep RPM between 97 and 110% or apply full down collective if light weight prevents attaining above 97%. 4. Select landing spot and, if altitude permits, maneuver so landing will be into wind. 5. A restart may be attempted at pilot’s discretion if sufficient time is available (See “Air Restart Procedure”, page 3-3 of basic manual). 6. If unable to restart, turn unnecessary switches and fuel valve off. 7. At about 12 meters (40 feet) AGL, begin cyclic flare to reduce rate of descent and forward speed. 8. At about 2.4 meters (8 feet) AGL, apply forward cyclic to level ship and raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing. Touch down in level attitude with nose straight ahead. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.11 SECTION 3: EMERGENCY PROCEDURES (cont’d) POWER FAILURE BETWEEN 2.4 METERS (8 FEET) AND 150 METERS (500 FEET) AGL 1. Lower collective immediately to maintain rotor RPM. 2. Adjust collective to keep RPM between 97 and 110% or apply full down collective if light weight prevents attaining above 97%. 3. Maintain airspeed until ground is approached, then begin cyclic flare to reduce rate of descent and forward speed. 4. At about 2.4 meters (8 feet) AGL, apply forward cyclic to level ship and raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing. Touch down in level attitude and nose straight ahead. POWER FAILURE BELOW 2.4 METERS (8 FEET) AGL 1. Apply right pedal as required to prevent yawing. 2. Allow aircraft to settle. 3. Raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing. MAXIMUM GLIDE DISTANCE CONFIGURATION 1. Airspeed approximately 139 km/h (75 KIAS). 2. Rotor RPM approximately 90%. 3. Best glide ratio is about 4:1 or one kilometer per 250 meters (one nautical mile per 1500 feet) AGL. CAUTION Increase rotor RPM to 97% minimum when autorotating below 150 meters (500 feet) AGL. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.12 SECTION 3: EMERGENCY PROCEDURES (cont’d) LOSS OF TAIL ROTOR THRUST IN FORWARD FLIGHT Failure is usually indicated by nose right yaw which cannot be corrected by applying left pedal. 1. Immediately enter autorotation. 2. Maintain at least 130 km/h (70 KIAS) airspeed if practical. 3. Select landing site, roll throttle off into overtravel spring and perform autorotation landing. NOTE When a suitable landing site is not available, the vertical stabilizers may permit limited controlled flight at very low power settings and airspeeds above 130 km/h (70 KIAS); however, prior to reducing airspeed, enter full autorotation. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.13 SECTION 4: NORMAL PROCEDURES RECOMMENDED AIRSPEEDS Takeoff and Climb 111 km/h (60 KIAS) Maximum Rate of Climb (VY ) 98 km/h (53 KIAS) Maximum Range 154 km/h (83 KIAS)* Significant Turbulence 111 to 130 km/h (60 to 70 KIAS) * Landing Approach 111 km/h (60 KIAS) Autorotation 111 to 130 km/h (60 to 70 KIAS) * * Certain conditions may require lower airspeeds. See placards on page 9-F7.6 and 9-F7.7. CRUISE CAUTION In turbulence, reduce power and use a slower than normal cruise speed. If turbulence is significant or becomes uncomfortable for the pilot, use 111 to 130 km/h (60 to 70 KIAS). ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT SECTION 4: NORMAL PROCEDURES (cont’d) COLD WEATHER OPERATION Special precautions should be taken if the helicopter is to be started after a cold soak in ambient temperatures below -5°C. Ensure that the correct engine oil grade is used (Refer to Section 8 in the main body of this manual). Preheat engine oil, engine compartment and main rotor gearbox compartment to a minimum temperature of -5°C (Pilot judgment may be used to estimate this temperature). Preheating may be achieved by using a combination of an approved electric engine preheat system, portable heaters, and insulating covers. Use caution not to damage any equipment/wiring with excessive direct heat. CAUTION Failure to preheat engine before starting may result in internal engine damage. When landing at ambient temperatures below -5°C in areas without preheating equipment, start the helicopter hourly and run-up to normal operating temperatures. More frequent starts may be required at colder temperatures. Be sure to run the helicopter long enough to recharge the battery after each start. Avionics equipment may not function, or function improperly, after a rotorcraft cold soak. Warm up the cabin to pass avionics self-test successfully. Using carburetor heat is recommended to assist in engine warming. FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.14 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT SECTION 4: NORMAL PROCEDURES (cont’d) NOTE The following procedures are unchanged from those of the basic manual. Altitudes are converted to meters and airspeeds are converted to km/h only. PRACTICE AUTOROTATION – POWER RECOVERY 1. Adjust carb heat if required. (See page 4-11 of basic manual.) 2. Lower collective to down stop and adjust throttle as required for small tachometer needle separation. CAUTION To avoid inadvertent engine stoppage, do not chop throttle to simulate a power failure. Always roll throttle off smoothly for small visible needle split. NOTE Governor is inactive below 80% engine RPM regardless of governor switch position. NOTE When entering autorotation from above 1200 meters (4000 feet), reduce throttle slightly before lowering collective to prevent engine overspeed. 3. Adjust collective to keep rotor RPM in green arc and adjust throttle for small needle separation. 4. Keep airspeed 111 to 130 km/h (60 to 70 KIAS). 5. At about 12 meters (40 feet) AGL, begin cyclic flare to reduce rate of descent and forward speed. 6. At about 2.4 meters (8 feet) AGL, apply forward cyclic to level aircraft and raise collective to control descent. Add throttle if required to keep RPM in green arc. FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.15 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT SECTION 4: NORMAL PROCEDURES (cont’d) PRACTICE AUTOROTATION – POWER RECOVERY (cont'd) CAUTION Simulated engine failures require prompt lowering of collective to avoid dangerously low rotor RPM. Catastrophic rotor stall could occur if rotor RPM ever drops below 80% plus 1% per 300 meters (1000 feet) of altitude. DESCENT, APPROACH, AND LANDING 1. Reduce power with collective as desired. Adjust carb heat as required. Observe airspeed limits. CAUTION Do not initiate a descent with forward cyclic. This can produce a low-G condition. Always initiate a descent by lowering collective. 2. Make final approach into wind at lowest practical rate of descent with initial airspeed of 111 km/h (60 KIAS). 3. Reduce airspeed and altitude smoothly to hover. (Be sure rate of descent is less than 1.5 m/s (300 FPM) before airspeed is reduced below 56 km/h (30 KIAS). 4. From hover, lower collective gradually until ground contact. 5. After initial ground contact, lower collective to full down position. CAUTION When landing on a slope, return cyclic control to neutral before reducing rotor RPM. CAUTION Never leave helicopter flight controls unattended while engine is running. FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.16 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.17 SECTION 4: NORMAL PROCEDURES (cont’d) DESCENT, APPROACH, AND LANDING (cont'd) CAUTION Hold throttle closed if passenger is entering or exiting with engine running and left seat collective installed. NOISE ABATEMENT To improve the quality of our environment and to dissuade overly restrictive ordinances against helicopters, it is imperative that every pilot minimize noise irritation to the public. Following are several techniques which should be employed when possible. 1. Avoid flying over outdoor assemblies of people. When this cannot be avoided, fly as high as practical, preferably over 600 meters (2000 feet) AGL. 2. Avoid blade slap. Blade slap usually occurs during shallow high-speed descents, especially during turns. It can be avoided by using slower, steeper descents. With the right door removed, the pilot can easily determine those flight conditions which produce blade slap and develop piloting techniques to eliminate or reduce it. 3. When departing from or approaching a landing site, avoid prolonged flight over noise-sensitive areas. Always fly above 150 meters (500 feet) AGL and preferably above 300 meters (1000 feet) AGL. 4. Repetitive noise is far more irritating than a single occurrence. If you must fly over the same area more than once, vary your flight path to not overfly the same buildings each time. 5. When overflying populated areas, look ahead and select the least noise-sensitive route. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT SECTION 4: NORMAL PROCEDURES (cont’d) NOISE ABATEMENT (cont'd) NOTE Above procedures do not apply where they would conflict with Air Traffic Control clearances or instructions or when, in the pilot’s judgment, they would result in an unsafe flight path. INFORMATION PER FAA AD 95-26-04 Until the FAA completes its research into the conditions and aircraft characteristics that lead to main rotor blade/fuselage contact accidents, and corrective type design changes and operating limitations are identified, Model R22 pilots are strongly urged to become familiar with the following information and comply with these recommended procedures: Main Rotor Stall: Many factors may contribute to main rotor stall and pilots should be familiar with them. Any flight condition that creates excessive angle of attack on the main rotor blades can produce a stall. Low main rotor RPM, aggressive maneuvering, high collective angle (often the result of high-density altitude, over- pitching [exceeding power available] during climb, or high forward airspeed) and slow response to the low main rotor RPM warning horn and light may result in main rotor stall. The effect of these conditions can be amplified in turbulence. Main rotor stall can ultimately result in contact between the main rotor and airframe. Additional information on main rotor stall is provided in the Robinson Helicopter Company Safety Notices SN- 10, SN-15, SN-20, SN-24, SN-27, and SN-29. Mast Bumping: Mast bumping may occur with a teetering rotor system when excessive main rotor flapping results from low "G" (load factor below 1.0) or abrupt control input. A low "G" flight condition can result from an abrupt cyclic pushover in forward flight. FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.18 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.19 SECTION 4: NORMAL PROCEDURES (cont’d) INFORMATION PER FAA AD 95-26-04 (cont'd) High forward airspeed, turbulence, and excessive sideslip can accentuate the adverse effects of these control movements. The excessive flapping results in the main rotor hub assembly striking the main rotor mast with subsequent main rotor system separation from the helicopter. To avoid these conditions, pilots are strongly urged to follow these recommendations: 1. Maintain cruise airspeeds between 111 km/h (60 KIAS) and less than 0.9 VNE, but no lower than 106 km/h (57 KIAS). 2. Use maximum "power-on" RPM at all times during powered flight. 3. Avoid sideslip during flight. Maintain in-trim flight at all times. 4. Avoid large, rapid forward cyclic inputs in forward flight, and abrupt control inputs in turbulence. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT SECTION 5: PERFORMANCE GENERAL Hover controllability has been substantiated in 31 km/h (17 knot) wind from any direction up to 2990 meters (9800 feet) density altitude. Refer to IGE hover performance data for allowable gross weight. NOTE Hover performance data given is with carburetor heat off. Full carburetor heat reduces hover ceilings by up to 610 meters (2000 feet). AIRSPEED CALIBRATION CURVE FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.20 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.21 SECTION 5: PERFORMANCE (cont’d) DENSITY ALTITUDE CHART ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT SECTION 5: PERFORMANCE (cont’d) IN GROUND EFFECT AT 0.6 METER SKID CLEARANCE FULL THROTTLE 103 – 104% RPM ZERO WIND R22 BETA II O-360-J2A ENGINE IGE HOVER CEILING VS. GROSS WEIGHT *Hover controllability with 31 km/h (17 knot) wind sub- stantiated up to 2990 meters (9800 feet) density altitude. FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.22 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT R22 BETA II O-360-J2A ENGINE OGE HOVER CEILING VS. GROSS WEIGHT SECTION 5: PERFORMANCE (cont’d) OUT OF GROUND EFFECT, ZERO WIND TAKEOFF POWER OR FULL THROTTLE 104% RPM FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.23 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT HEIGHT – VELOCITY DIAGRAM (METRIC) SECTION 5: PERFORMANCE (cont’d) DEMONSTRATED CONDITIONS: SMOOTH HARD SURFACE WIND CALM GOVERNOR ON AVOID OPERATION IN SHADED AREAS ISA CONDITIONS FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.24 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT HEIGHT – VELOCITY DIAGRAM (OBSOLETE) SECTION 5: PERFORMANCE (cont’d) DEMONSTRATED CONDITIONS: SMOOTH HARD SURFACE WIND CALM GOVERNOR ON AVOID OPERATION IN SHADED AREAS ISA CONDITIONS FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.25 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.26 SECTION 5: PERFORMANCE (cont’d) NOISE CHARACTERISTICS For operating conditions specified in ICAO Annex 16, Chapter 11 the sound exposure level for the R22 Beta II is 78.0 db(A). NOTE No determination has been made by the Certifying Authority that the noise levels of this aircraft are or should be acceptable or unacceptable for operation at, into, or out of any airport. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.27 SECTION 6: WEIGHT AND BALANCE No change. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.28 SECTION 7: SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER Aircraft operated in difficult to reach and sparsely populated areas must be equipped with a VHF-band emergency radio or a portable COSPAS-SARSAT VHF/ UHF-band emergency locator transmitter stowed under the pilot's seat. The operator is responsible for providing this equipment. FIRST-AID KIT A first-aid kit provided by the operator is required equipment for FATA-certified aircraft and should be stowed under the pilot's seat. FLIGHT CONTROLS Collective operation is conventional. The engine throttle is correlated to collective inputs through a mechanical linkage. When the collective is raised, the throttle is opened and when the collective is lowered, the throttle is closed. The collective stick also incorporates a twist grip throttle control which is described in the Engine Controls section. CAUTION Above 1200 meters (4000 feet), throttle- collective correlation and governor are less effective. Therefore, power changes should be slow and smooth. CAUTION At high power settings above 1200 meters (4000 feet), the throttle is frequently wide open and RPM must be controlled with the collective. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.29 SECTION 8: HANDLING AND MAINTENANCE No change. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 9 FATA SUPPLEMENT SECTION 9: SUPPLEMENTS No change. FAA APPROVED: 19 SEP 2019 Page 9-F7.30