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SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS

Robinson R66 NxG · Pilot's Operating Handbook

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Overview

This document is the Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH) for the Robinson R66 helicopter, specifically focusing on the limitations section. It provides essential information regarding the operational limits of the helicopter, including airspeed, rotor speed, powerplant limitations, weight limits, and center of gravity limits. The handbook is crucial for pilots to ensure safe operation under various conditions and to comply with FAA regulations. It includes detailed specifications for the helicopter's performance and operational capabilities, ensuring that pilots are well-informed about the aircraft's limitations and requirements for safe flight.

  • Never-exceed airspeed (Vne) is 130 KIAS at 2200 lb TOGW or above, 140 KIAS below.
  • Maximum gross weight is 2700 lb (1225 kg); minimum gross weight is 1400 lb (635 kg).
  • Maximum continuous rotor speed is 101% (412 RPM); power-off maximum is 106% (432 RPM).
  • Engine maximum gas generator speed (N1) is 105% (53,519 RPM); maximum output shaft speed (N2) is 101% (6076 RPM).
  • Solo pilot weight must be 160 lb (73 kg) or greater to ensure center of gravity limits are met.

Document

Source

Originally published by robinsonstrapistorprod.blob.core.windows.net. Sprinkle hosts a reference copy with an added summary, specifications and searchable full text.

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Document details

Type
Pilot's Operating Handbook
Year
2016
Pages
14
File size
528 KB
Publisher
robinsonstrapistorprod.blob.core.windows.net

Specifications & performance

Extracted from this document.

Specifications

Engine model
Rolls-Royce Model 250-C300/A1
Max speed (kt)
140
Fuel capacity (gal)
74.6
Service ceiling (ft)
14,000
Max takeoff weight (lb)
2,700

V-speeds

VNE
140

Weight & balance

Baggage allowance (lb)
300
Max takeoff weight (lb)
2,700
How rare is it?
1,938Robinson R66 NxG registered worldwide · 1,721 active

Common. One of the most common aircraft types we track.

Documentation completeness
4/7

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In this document

General

This section outlines the operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic placards necessary for the safe operation of the Robinson R66 helicopter. It is classified as a normal category rotorcraft under FAA Type Certificate No. R00015LA.

Airspeed Limits

The never-exceed airspeed (Vne) is 130 KIAS for a takeoff gross weight (TOGW) of 2200 lb (998 kg) or above, and 140 KIAS for below that weight. In autorotation, the maximum airspeed is 100 KIAS. Additional limits include a maximum of 65 KIAS above 83% torque and 100 KIAS with any cabin doors removed.

Rotor Speed Limits

For power-on conditions, the maximum continuous rotor speed is 101% (412 RPM) and the minimum is 99% (404 RPM). In power-off conditions, the maximum rotor speed is 106% (432 RPM) and the minimum is 88% (359 RPM).

Powerplant Limitations

The Robinson R66 is powered by a Rolls-Royce Model 250-C300/A1 engine. Key operating limits include a maximum gas generator speed (N1) of 105% (53,519 RPM) and a maximum output shaft speed (N2) of 101% (6076 RPM). The maximum continuous torque is 83% (196 lb-ft).

Weight Limits

The maximum gross weight for the Robinson R66 is 2700 lb (1225 kg), with a minimum gross weight of 1400 lb (635 kg). Each seat can accommodate a maximum of 300 lb (136 kg), and the baggage compartment has a maximum distributed load of 50 lb/ft² (244 kg/m²) and a total load of 300 lb (136 kg).

Center of Gravity Limits

The center of gravity limits are defined with a reference datum 100 inches forward of the main rotor shaft centerline. A solo pilot weighing 160 lb (73 kg) or more ensures the center of gravity remains within limits.

Flight and Maneuver Limitations

Aerobatic flight is prohibited, and abrupt control inputs can lead to catastrophic failure. The maximum operating density altitude is 14,000 feet, and the maximum operating altitude is 9000 feet AGL. Solo flight is permitted only from the right seat.

Fuel Limitations

The Robinson R66 can use Jet A, Jet A-1, Jet B, and other specified fuels, with a total fuel capacity of 74.6 US gallons (282 liters) and a usable capacity of 73.6 US gallons (279 liters).

Safety notes

  • Aerobatic flight is prohibited.
  • Abrupt control inputs may cause catastrophic failure of critical components.
  • Low-G cyclic pushovers are prohibited; apply gentle aft cyclic to recover from low-G conditions.

Full document text

SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS CONTENTS Page General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Color Code for Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Airspeed Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Rotor Speed Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Powerplant Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Weight Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Center of Gravity Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Flight and Maneuver Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 Kinds of Operation Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Environmental Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Fuel Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Placards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 19 OCT 2016 2-i INTENTIONALLY BLANK SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS GENERAL This section includes operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic placards required for safe operation of the helicopter, its engine, and other standard systems. This helicopter is approved as a normal category rotorcraft under FAA Type Certificate No. R00015LA as Model R66. COLOR CODE FOR INSTRUMENT MARKINGS Red Operating limit. Edge of red line indicates limit. Pointer should not enter red during normal operation. Red Cross- Hatch Power-off Vne . Yellow Precautionary or special operating procedure range. Green Normal operating range. AIRSPEED LIMITS NEVER-EXCEED AIRSPEED (V ne ) 2200 lb (998 kg) TOGW or above 130 KIAS Below 2200 lb (998 kg) TOGW 140 KIAS Autorotation 100 KIAS For Vne reductions with altitude and temperature, see placards on page 2-10. ADDITIONAL AIRSPEED LIMITS 65 KIAS maximum above 83% torque. 100 KIAS maximum with any combination of cabin doors removed. FAA APPROVED: 19 OCT 2016 2-1 ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS ROTOR SPEED LIMITS Power On Maximum continuous 101% (412 RPM) Minimum continuous 99% (404 RPM) Power Off Maximum 106% (432 RPM) Minimum 88% (359 RPM) POWERPLANT LIMITATIONS ENGINE One Rolls-Royce Model 250-C300/A1 OPERATING LIMITS Gas generator speed (N1) Maximum 105 % (53,519 RPM) Output shaft speed (N2) Maximum continuous 101 % (6076 RPM) Minimum continuous power on 99 % (5956 RPM) Maximum transient overspeed* 106 % (6377 RPM) Measured Gas Temperature (MGT) 5 minute limit Continuous limit Transient limit Limit during start 782 706 843 927 °C °C °C °C (6 seconds) (10 seconds) Torque 5 minute limit 100 % (236 lb-ft) Continuous limit 83 % (196 lb-ft) * Avoid large, rapid power changes. The engine governor reacts slowly and RPM excursions may occur. Intentional operation outside continuous RPM limits is prohibited. ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 21 JUN 2021 2-2 ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS POWERPLANT LIMITATIONS (cont’d) OPERATING LIMITS (cont’d) Oil Temperature, Maximum 107°C Oil Pressure Maximum during start and warm up 150 psi Maximum operating 130 psi Minimum above 94% N1 115 psi Minimum below 78% N1 50 psi Minimum from 78% to 94% N1 90 psi Oil Quantity, minimum for takeoff 4 qt (3.8 liters) WEIGHT LIMITS Maximum gross weight 2700 lb (1225 kg) Minimum gross weight 1400 lb (635 kg) Maximum per seat including under-seat compartment 300 lb (136 kg) Maximum in any under-seat compartment 50 lb (23 kg) Baggage Compartment Maximum distributed load 50 lb/ft2 (244 kg/m2) Maximum total load 300 lb (136 kg) CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITS See figure on page 2-4. Reference datum is 100 inches forward of main rotor shaft centerline. NOTE With all doors installed and no load in baggage compartment, a solo pilot weight of 160 lb (73 kg) or greater will ensure CG within limits. For lower pilot weight, compute weight and balance; removable ballast may be required to obtain CG at or forward of aft limit. (See Loading Instructions in Section 6.) FAA APPROVED: 26 NOV 2013 2-3 ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 6 JUL 2018 2-4 CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITS FUSELAGE STATION (IN . FROM DATUM) 00 ~ ~ ~ M ~ % ~ 00 ~ 1001~ 1~1ro 2800 . 1250 2700 2600 ) I "I f I ~ 1200 1150 2500 2400 m 2300 ...J ~ MOST FWD CG WITH "-.... '-.... FULL FUEL TO KEEP 1100 1050 (!J lo: I- 2200 :c (!J iii 2100 ;: CG WITHIN LIMITS AT ZERO FUEL. 1000 I- :c (!J iii 950 ;: C/l C/l 2000 0 IC (!J 1900 C/l C/l 900 0 IC (!J 850 1800 800 1700 750 1600 700 1500 1400 650 ~ MAIN ROTOR 4 R 10 R 3 R ~ -.... ... 8 R 6 R 2 R ~ 4 R :; () 1 R (!J 2 R (!J () ~ ...J ct () 0 ...J ct IC w 1 L I- 2 L IC w I- ct ...J 2 L 4 L ct ...J 3 L ~~ - 6 L 8 L 4 L . . 10 L 232 236 240 244 248 252 256 260 FUSELAGE STATION (CM FROM DATUM) ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FLIGHT AND MANEUVER LIMITATIONS Aerobatic flight prohibited. CAUTION Abrupt control inputs may produce high fatigue stresses and cause catastrophic failure of a critical component. Low-G cyclic pushovers prohibited. CAUTION A pushover (forward cyclic maneuver) performed from level flight or following a pull-up causes a low-G (near weightless) condition which can result in catastrophic loss of lateral control. To eliminate a low-G condition, immediately apply gentle aft cyclic. Should a roll commence during a low-G condition, apply gentle aft cyclic to reload rotor before applying lateral cyclic to stop roll. Maximum operating density altitude 14,000 feet. Maximum operating altitude 9000 feet AGL to allow landing within 5 minutes in case of fire. Closing throttle (twist grip) in flight prohibited above 10,000 feet density altitude to avoid possible engine flameout. Closing throttle (twist grip) in flight prohibited with cabin

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heat ON to avoid possible engine flameout. Minimum crew is one pilot in the right front seat. A flight instructor may act as pilot in command from the left front seat. Solo flight from right seat only. Forward left seat belt must be buckled. Operation up to 100 KIAS approved with any combination of cabin doors removed. All seat belts must be buckled and loose items in cabin must be properly secured during doors- off flight. A functioning headset must be worn by each pilot. FAA APPROVED: 15 AUG 2023 2-5 ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 2 DEC 2015 2-6 KINDS OF OPERATION LIMITATIONS VFR day and night operations are approved. VFR operation at night is permitted only when landing, navigation, instrument, and anti-collision lights are operational. Orientation during night flight must be maintained by visual reference to ground objects illuminated solely by lights on the ground or adequate celestial illumination. NOTE There may be additional requirements in countries outside the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITATIONS Maximum ambient temperature for operation is ISA plus 35°C (ISA plus 63°F), limited to 50°C (122°F). Minimum ambient temperature for operation is -40°C (-40°F) at all altitudes. NOTE See fuel limitations for temperature restrictions. Flight in known icing conditions prohibited. Engine anti-ice must be on for operation in visible moisture in ambient temperatures at or below 4°C (40°F). FUEL LIMITATIONS APPROVED FUEL GRADES Grade (Specification) Operating Limits Jet A or Jet A-1 (ASTM D1655) Anti-icing additive may be required (see below). Not approved for ambient tem- peratures below –32ºC (–25ºF). Jet B (ASTM D6615) Anti-icing additive may be required (see below). Not approved for ambient tem- peratures above 32ºC (90ºF) at altitudes above 5000 feet. JP-4 (MIL-DTL-5624) Not approved for ambient temperatures above 32ºC (90ºF) at altitudes above 5000 feet. JP-5 (MIL-DTL-5624 Not approved for ambient temperatures below –32ºC (–25ºF). JP-8 (MIL-DTL-83133) Not approved for ambient temperatures below –32ºC (–25ºF). No. 3 Jet Fuel (P.R. China GB 6537-2006) Anti-icing additive may be required (see below). Not approved for ambient tem- peratures below –32ºC (–25ºF). TC-1 or PT (Russian Standard GOST 10227) No temperature restrictions. Aviation fuel additives grades И (Fluid I) and ИM (Fluid IM) with a concentration of 0.1 – 0.3% by volume are approved for anti-icing. Anti-icing additive conforming to MIL-DTL-85470 must be added to Jet A, Jet A-1, Jet B, or No. 3 Jet Fuel when ambient temperature is below 4ºC (40ºF). Check with fuel supplier to determine if supply includes additive. If not, add per manufacturer’s instructions. FUEL CAPACITY Total capacity: 74.6 US gallons (282 liters) Usable capacity: 73.6 US gallons (279 liters) ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 21 JUN 2021 2-7 ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 19 OCT 2016 2-8 INSTRUMENT MARKINGS NOTE Red lines offset so instrument pointer should not enter red. See color code on page 2-1. AIRSPEED INDICATOR Green arc 0 to 110 KIAS Yellow arc* 110 to 140 KIAS Red cross-hatch 100 KIAS Red Line 140 KIAS *Earlier airspeed indicators without yellow arc must have the following placard adjacent: DO NOT EXCEED 110 KIAS EXCEPT IN SMOOTH AIR ROTOR TACHOMETER Lower red line 88% Green arc 88 to 106% Upper red line 106% ENGINE TACHOMETER (N2) Yellow arc 75 to 88%** Power on – transient operation only. (No restrictions during autorotation.) Lower red line 99% Green arc 99 to 101% Upper red line 101% **Earlier tachometers with yellow arc from 78 to 88% must have the following placard adjacent: TRANSIENT OPERATION ONLY 75–88% N2 NO RESTRICTIONS DURING AUTOROTATION GAS PRODUCER TACHOMETER (N1) Green arc 60 to 105% Red line 105% White triangle 16% (Later tachometers. Recommended fuel ON during normal start) INSTRUMENT MARKINGS (cont’d) MEASURED GAS TEMPERATURE Green arc 150 to 706ºC Yellow arc (5 minute limit) 706 to 782ºC Red line 782ºC Red dot (start limit) 927ºC ENGINE OIL TEMPERATURE Green arc 0 to 107ºC Red Line 107ºC ENGINE OIL PRESSURE Lower red line 50 psi Yellow arc (below 78% N1 ) 50 to 90 psi Green arc 90 to 130 psi Yellow arc (start and warm up) 130 to 150 psi Upper red line 150 psi TORQUE Green arc 0 to 83% Yellow arc (5 minute limit) 83 to 100% Red line 100% AMMETER Green arc 0 to 160 amps Red line 160 amps ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 19 OCT 2016 2-9 ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 19 OCT 2016 2-10 PLACARDS Adjacent to pilot’s cyclic grip: Near fuel tank filler cap: FUEL GRADE JET A, JET A1, JET B OR AS SPECIFIED IN PILOT’S HANDBOOK ANTI-ICE ADDITIVE MAY BE REQUIRED SEE PILOT’S HANDBOOK POWER-ON Vne- KIAS PRESS OAT-°C ALT-FT -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 SL 129 I 127 2000 124 130 126 122 4000 119 127 129 125 121 117 114 6000 114 122 125 121 117 113 108 8000 109 117 121 116 112 107 102 97 10000 105 112 112 106 101 96 91 86 12000 100 106 101 95 90 14000 96 95 89 NO FLIGHT 16000 90 BELOW 2200 LB (998 KG) TOGW, ADD 10 KIAS NOTE: 65 KIAS MAXIMUM ABOVE 83% TORQUE AUTOROTATION Vne - KIAS PRESS OAT-°C ALT-FT -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 I 50 6000 I 8000 100 99 94 89 10000 98 93 88 83 78 12000 98 93 87 82 14000 93 87 81 NO FLIGHT 16000 82 PLACARDS (cont’d) Near fuel gage: 73.6 US GAL 279 LITERS In clear view of pilot: SEE PILOT’S HANDBOOK FOR SOLO PILOT WEIGHT LESS THAN 160 LB (73 KG) THIS ROTORCRAFT APPROVED FOR DAY AND NIGHT VFR OPERATIONS LOW-G PUSHOVERS PROHIBITED On removable cyclic grip: SOLO FROM RIGHT SEAT ONLY On or near collective controls: NO STOWAGE KEEP AREA CLEAR In clear view of all occupants: NO SMOKING Inside cabin above each cabin door: EXIT Inside each cabin door near door handle: TO CLOSE: SLIDE HANDLE AFT AND DOWN TO OPEN: LIFT HANDLE AND SLIDE FORWARD ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 19 OCT 2016 2-11 ROBINSON MODEL R66 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 19 OCT 2016 2-12 PLACARDS (cont’d) Near lock on rear cabin doors: PUSH TO LOCK DO NOT LOCK IN FLIGHT Inside each under-seat compartment: CAUTION DO NOT EXCEED THE FOLLOWING: • COMPARTMENT CAPACITY: 50 LB (23 KG) • COMBINED SEAT PLUS COMPARTMENT: 300 LB (136 KG) • MAX FILL LINE SEE PILOT’S HANDBOOK FOR ADDITIONAL LOADING INSTRUCTIONS. Inside main baggage compartment: CAUTION • MAXIMUM DISTRIBUTED FLOOR LOAD: 50 LB/FT2 (244 KG/M2 ) • MAXIMUM TOTAL COMPARTMENT LOAD: 300 LB (136 KG)

Type certificate, explained

What's in the Robinson R66 NxG TCDS

A Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) is the FAA's record of what an aircraft type was approved as. It is the source of truth for weights, seating, fuel and the rules the design was certified against. Expand any line to see what it means.

TCDS R00015LARev 0· Issued 2010
Read the full TCDS

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