Bristell Aircraft Operating Instructions
BRM AERO Bristell NG-5 · Pilot's Operating Handbook
Overview
The document is the Pilot Operating Handbook (POH) for the BRM Aero Bristell NG-5 aircraft, providing essential information for safe and efficient operation. It includes details on aircraft specifications, performance, operating limitations, and emergency procedures.
- The aircraft is a light sport category airplane.
- It features a single-engine, all metal, low-wing monoplane design.
- The standard power plant is a ROTAX 912 ULS engine.
- Maximum take-off weight is 600 kg.
- Cruise speed at sea level is approximately 188 km/h at 75% power.
- Full fuel range is 1050 km at 75% power.
- Stall speed with flaps retracted is 83 km/h.
- The aircraft must be operated in compliance with the provided limitations.
Document
Source
Originally published by flykentucky.com. Sprinkle hosts a reference copy with an added summary, specifications and searchable full text.
Document details
- Type ·
- Pilot's Operating Handbook
- Year ·
- 2018
- File size ·
- 2.6 MB
- Publisher ·
- flykentucky.com
- Language ·
- en
Specifications & performance
Extracted from this document.
Specifications
- Height m ·
- 2.28
- Length m ·
- 6.45
- Wing span m ·
- 8.13
- Wing area m2 ·
- 10.5
- Cockpit width m ·
- 1.3
Performance
- Top speed kmh ·
- 209
- Cruise speed kmh ·
- 188
- Rate of climb (fpm) ·
- 920
- Full fuel range km ·
- 1050
- Stall speed vs0 kmh ·
- 71
- Stall speed vs1 kmh ·
- 83
- Max takeoff weight kg ·
- 600
V-speeds
- VX_KIAS ·
- 60
- VY_KIAS ·
- 72
- VS0_KIAS ·
- 38
- VS1_KIAS ·
- 45
Weight & balance
- Max takeoff weight kg ·
- 600
What is the Bristell Aircraft Operating Instructions?
The Bristell Aircraft Operating Instructions is a pilot's operating handbook for the BRM AERO Bristell NG-5, dated 2018.
Where does the Bristell Aircraft Operating Instructions come from?
This copy of the Bristell Aircraft Operating Instructions was originally published by flykentucky.com and is hosted on Sprinkle as a free, searchable reference copy.
What year was the Bristell Aircraft Operating Instructions published?
The Bristell Aircraft Operating Instructions — the BRM AERO Bristell NG-5 pilot's operating handbook on file — is dated 2018.
Most owners only have the POH. Here's the essential set for the BRM AERO Bristell NG-5.
- Pilot's Operating Handbook / AFM
- Checklist
- Maintenance Manual
- Parts Catalog (IPC)
- Systems & Wiring
- Service Bulletins on file
- Type Certificate (TCDS)
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In this document
General Information
This section introduces the aircraft, its certification, and the responsibilities of the pilot and owner/operator.
Operating Limitations
This section outlines the operating limitations, including airspeed, weight, and center of gravity requirements.
Performance
This section summarizes the performance specifications, including speeds, range, and fuel capacities.
Emergency Procedures
This section provides guidelines for handling emergency situations during flight.
Weight and Balance
This section details the weight limits and center of gravity considerations for safe operation.
Airplane and Systems Description
This section describes the aircraft's systems and layout, including the power plant and control surfaces.
Safety notes
- Non-observation of warnings can lead to serious safety degradation.
- The pilot is responsible for ensuring the aircraft is safe for flight.
- The aircraft must be registered and insured according to regulations.
- Obey the latest edition of Service Instruction SI-912-016 for fuel selection.
Full document text
BRM AERO s.r.o. LETECKÁ 255 686 04 KUNOVICE CZECH REPUBLIC Phone: +420 773 984 338 E-mail: info@brmaero.com www.brmaero.com i Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - Registration: N710GG Serial Number: 364/2018 This airplane must be operated in compliance with information and limitations contained in herein. This AOI must be available on board of the airplane. ii Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 0-1 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - SECTION 0 0 Technical Information 0.1 Record of revisions 0.2 List of effective pages 0.3 Table of contents 0-2 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 0.1 Record of revisions Any revision of the present manual (except actual weighing data, cockpit description and list of instruments and avionics) must be recorded in the following table. Revision No. Affected Section Affected Pages Date of Issue Approved by Date of approval Date inserted Sign. - ALL ALL Initial issue 09/2018 Petr Javorský, BRM Aero 09/2018 09/2018 P.Javorský 0-3 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 0.2 List of effective pages Section Page Date of Issue Section Page Date of Issue Title 09/2018 2 2-1 09/2018 i 09/2018 2-2 09/2018 ii 09/2018 2-3 09/2018 2-4 09/2018 2-5 09/2018 0 0-1 09/2018 2-6 09/2018 0-2 09/2018 2-7 09/2018 0-3 09/2018 2-8 09/2018 0-4 09/2018 2-9 09/2018 0-5 09/2018 2-10 09/2018 0-6 09/2018 0-7 09/2018 0-8 09/2018 3 3-1 09/2018 1 1-1 09/2018 3-2 09/2018 1-2 09/2018 3-3 09/2018 1-3 09/2018 3-4 09/2018 1-4 09/2018 3-5 09/2018 1-5 09/2018 3-6 09/2018 1-6 09/2018 3-7 09/2018 1-7 09/2018 3-8 09/2018 1-8 09/2018 3-9 09/2018 3-10 09/2018 3-11 09/2018 3-12 09/2018 0-4 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - Section Page Date of Issue Section Page Date of Issue 3-13 09/2018 5 5-1 09/2018 3-14 09/2018 5-2 09/2018 5-3 09/2018 5-4 09/2018 5-5 09/2018 5-6 09/2018 5-7 09/2018 5-8 09/2018 5-9 09/2018 4 4-1 09/2018 5-10 09/2018 4-2 09/2018 4-3 09/2018 4-4 09/2018 4-5 09/2018 4-6 09/2018 4-7 09/2018 6 6-1 09/2018 4-8 09/2018 6-2 09/2018 4-9 09/2018 6-3 09/2018 4-10 09/2018 6-4 09/2018 4-11 09/2018 6-5 09/2018 4-12 09/2018 6-6 09/2018 4-13 09/2018 6-7 09/2018 4-14 09/2018 6-8 09/2018 6-9 09/2018 6-10 09/2018 6-11 09/2018 0-5 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - Section Page Date of Issue Section Page Date of Issue 6-12 09/2018 8 8-1 09/2018 6-13 09/2018 8-2 09/2018 6-14 09/2018 8-3 09/2018 6-15 09/2018 8-4 09/2018 6-16 09/2018 9 9-1 09/2018 9-2 09/2018 9-3 09/2018 7 7-1 09/2018 9-4 09/2018 7-2 09/2018 9-5 09/2018 7-3 09/2018 9-6 09/2018 7-4 09/2018 7-5 09/2018 7-6 09/2018 7-7 09/2018 10 10-1 09/2018 7-8 09/2018 10-2 09/2018 7-9 09/2018 10-3 09/2018 7-10 09/2018 10-4 09/2018 0-6 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 0-7 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 0.3 Table of contents Section TECHNICAL INFORMATION ....................................................... 0 GENERAL INFORMATION........................................................... 1 OPERATING LIMITATIONS ......................................................... 2 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ..................................................... 3 NORMAL PROCEDURES ............................................................ 4 PERFORMANCE ........................................................................... 5 WEIGHT AND BALANCE ............................................................. 6 AIRPLANE AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION ............................... 7 AIRPLANE HANDLING,SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE ...... 8 REQUIRED PLACARDS AND MARKINGS ................................. 9 SUPPLEMENTS ............................................................................ 10 0-8 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 1-1 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - SECTION 1 1 General Information 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 Certification 1.2 Warnings, cautions and notes 1.3 Descriptive data 1.3.1 Aircraft description 1.3.2 Power plant 1.3.3 Aircraft dimensions 1.3.4 Aircraft layout 1.4 Definitions and abbreviations 1.5 Summary of performance specifications 1-2 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 1.1 Introduction This Aircraft Operating Instructions have been prepared to provide the pilots, instructors, owners and operators with information for safe and efficient operation of BRISTELL aircraft. It also contains supplemental data supplied by the Aircraft Flight Training Supplement. It is the pilot’s responsibility to be familiar with this handbook, the special characteristics of this aircraft, and all other information and legal requirements relevant for the operation in his country. The pilot is responsible to determine the aircraft is safe for flight, and to operate the aircraft with respect to the procedures and limitations provided in this manual. It is the owner’s/operator’s responsibility to have the aeroplane registered and insured, according to country-specific regulations. The aircraft owner/operator is also responsible for maintaining the aircraft in airworthy condition. 1.1.1 Certification BRISTELL LSA is a light sport category airplane made by BRM AERO s.r.o., Letecká 255, 686 04 Kunovice, Czech Republic, phone: +420 773 984 338, e-mail : info@brmaero.com based on the following airworthiness requirements: − ASTM Consensus Standards: F2245 F2279 F2295 and other to LSA category applicable ASTM Consensus Standards. − Czech LAA UL-2 − EASA CS-VLA BRISTELL LSA is on the list of FAA approved light sport airplanes – refer to FAA Make/Model Directory for SLSA on https://www.faa.gov/aircraft/gen_av/light_sport/ 1-3 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 1.2 Warnings, cautions and notes
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The following definitions apply to warnings, cautions and notes in the Pilot Operating Handbook. WARNING Means that the non-observation of the corresponding procedure leads to an immediate or important degradation of the flight safety i.e. to injury or death of persons. CAUTION Means that the non-observation of the corresponding procedure leads to a minor or possible long term degradation of the flight safety. NOTE Draws attention to any special item not directly related to safety, but which is important or unusual. 1-4 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 1.3 Descriptive data 1.3.1 Aircraft description BRISTELL LSA is airplane intended especially for recreational and cross- country flying, basic training, and non-aerobatics operation. BRISTELL LSA is a single-engine, all metal, low-wing monoplane of semi- monocoque construction with two side-by-side seats. The airplane is equipped with a fixed tricycle undercarriage with steerable nose wheel. 1.3.2 Power plant The standard power plant is composed of ROTAX 912 ULS (98.6 hp), 4-cylinder, 4-stroke engine and FITI three blade ground adjustable propeller. BRISTELL LSA, S/N 364/2018 is fitted with: − Rotax 912 ULS 2 − FITI ECO COMPETITION 3 LR 158, 3-bladed, on-ground adjustable propeller. 1.3.3 Aircraft dimensions Wing span ........................................ 8.13 m 26.65 ft Length .............................................. 6.45 m 21.10 ft Height ............................................... 2.28 m 7.48 ft Wing area ......................................... 10.5 m2 113.02 sq ft Wing loading (MTOW 600 kg) ........ 57.14 kg/m2 11.68 lb/sq ft Cockpit width ...................................... 1.3 m 51.17 in Deflections: Rudder deflections ........ 30° to each side Elevator deflections ................. + 30°/-15° Aileron deflections ................... + 24°/-17° Flap deflections ........ 0°, 10°, 20°and 30° Aileron trim deflections ........... + 15°/- 20° Elevator trim deflections ......... + 10°/- 25° 1-5 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 1.3.4 Aircraft layout 1-6 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 1.4 Definitions and abbreviations °F temperature in degree of Fahrenheit ASI Airspeed Indicator ATC Air Traffic Control BEACON anti-collision beacon CAS Calibrated Airspeed CG Center of Gravity COMM communication transmitter EFIS Electronic Flight Instrument System ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter EMS Engine Monitoring System ft foot / feet ft/min feet per minute GPS Global Positioning System hp power unit IAS Indicated Airspeed IC Intercom IFR Instrument Flight Rules in inch ISA International Standard Atmosphere knot NM per hour lb pound MAC Mean Aerodynamic Chord max. maximum min. minimum or minute mph statute miles per hour NM Nautical Mile OAT Outside Air Temperature 1-7 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - OFF system is switched off or control element is in off-position ON system is switched on or control element is in on-position POH Pilot Operating Handbook psi pound per square inch - pressure unit rpm revolutions per minute sec. second US gal volume unit VA maneuvering airspeed VFE maximum flap extended speed VFR Visual Flight Rules VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions VNE never exceed speed VNO maximum designed cruising speed VS1 stall speed with wing flaps in retracted position VSO stall speed with wing flaps in extended position VX best angle of climb speed VY best rate of climb speed 1-8 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 1.5 Summary of performance specifications Performance Metric units US units Gross weight (Maximum take-off weight) 600 kg 1320 lb Top speed at sea level MCP: 5550 rpm 209 km/h CAS 113 KCAS Cruise speed at sea level 75%: 5000 rpm 188 km/h CAS 102 KCAS Cruise speed at sea level 65%: 4800 rpm 180 km/h CAS 97 KCAS Full fuel range at 4000 ft pressure altitude, at 75 % MCP (5000 rpm), No fuel reserve 1050 km 570 NM Rate of climb at sea level ............................... Vx 840 fpm at 111 km/h IAS 840 fpm at 60 KIAS Rate of climb at sea level ............................... Vy 920 fpm at 133 km/h IAS 920 fpm at 72 KIAS Stall speed VS1 (flaps retracted) 83 km/h CAS 45 KCAS Stall speed VS0 (flaps fully extended) 71 km/h CAS 38 KCAS Total fuel capacity 120 liters 31.7 US gal Total usable fuel 119 liters 31.4 US gal Approved types of fuel ATTENTION: Obey the latest edition of Service Instruction SI-912-016, for the selection of the correct fuel. Min. RON 95 (min. AKI4 91) Mogas: EN 228 super Mogas: EN 228 super plus AVGAS 100LL Engine Maximum takeoff power 73.5 kW (100 HP) at 5800 rpm Engine Maximum continuous power 69 kW (90 HP) at 5500 rpm Engine Cruising power 75 % of MCP 51 kW (68 HP) at 5000 rpm Engine Cruising power 65 % of MCP 44.6 kW (60 HP) at 4800 rpm Engine Cruising power 55 % of MCP 38 kW (50 HP) at 4300 rpm 2-1 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - SECTION 2 2 Operating Limitation 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Airspeed 2.3 Airspeed indicator markings 2.4 Power plant 2.4.1 Engine operating speeds and limits 2.4.2 Fuel 2.4.3 Oil 2.4.4 Coolant 2.5 Power plant instrument markings 2.6 Miscellaneous Instrument Marking 2.7 Weight 2.8 Center of gravity 2.9 Approved maneuvers 2.10 Maneuvering load factors 2.11 Crew 2.12 Kinds of operation 2.13 Other limitations 2-2 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.1 Introduction Section 2 includes operating limitations, instrument markings and basic placards necessary for the safe operation of the aircraft, its engine, standard systems and standard equipment. 2.2 Airspeed Airspeed limitations and their operational significance are shown below: Speed IAS (km/h) KIAS Remarks VNE Never exceed speed 290 157 Do not exceed this speed in any operation. VNO Max. structural cruising speed 240 129 Do not exceed this speed except in smooth air, and then only with caution. VA Maneuvering speed 180 96 Do not make full or abrupt control movement above this speed, because under certain conditions full control movement may overstress the aircraft. VFE Maximum Flap Extended Speed 139 75 Do not exceed this speed with flaps extended. 2-3 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.3 Airspeed indicator markings Airspeed indicator markings and their color-code significance are shown below: Marking IAS value or range Significance km/h Knots White arc 71-139 38-75 Flap Operating Range. Green arc 83-240 45-129 Normal Operating Range. Yellow arc 240-290 129-157 Maneuvers must be conducted with caution and only in smooth air. Red line 290 157 Maximum speed for all operations. 2-4 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.4 Power plant 2.4.1 Engine operating speeds and limits Engine Model: ROTAX 912 ULS 2 Engine Manufacturer: Bombardier-Rotax GMBH Power Max Take-off: 100 hp at 5800 rpm, max.5 min. Max. Continuous: 92.5 hp at 5500 rpm Cruising: 68.4 hp at 5000 rpm Engine RPM Max. Take-off: 5800 rpm, max. 5 min. Max. Continuous: 5500 rpm Cruising: 5000 rpm Idling: ~1400 rpm Cylinder head temperature (CHT) Older engines S/N without Suffix -01 Minimum: 50 °C (122 °F) Maximum: 135 °C (275 °F) conventional coolant - permanent monitoring of coolant temperature and CHT is necessary Waterless coolant - permanent monitoring of CHT is necessary Optimum: 80 – 110 °C (176-230 °F) Coolant temperature (CT) New engines S/N with Suffix -01 Minimum: 50 °C (122 °F) Maximum: 120 °C (248 °F) only conventional coolant allowed Optimum: 80 – 110 °C ( 176-230 °F) Oil temperature Minimum: 50 °C (122 °F) Maximum: 130 °C (266 °F) Optimum: 90 – 110 °C (190-230 °F) Oil pressure: Minimum: 0.8 bar (12 psi) - below 3500 rpm Maximum: 7 bar (102 psi) - cold engine start Optimum: 2 - 5 bar (29 – 73 psi) - above 3500 rpm Exhaust gases temp. Maximum: 880 ° C (1616 °F) 2-5 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.4.2 Fuel Fuel volume: Wing fuel tank volume .................. 2x60 l 2x16 US gal Unusable fuel quantity ................. 2x0.5 l 2x0.13 US gal 2-6 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.4.3 Oil NOTE Type of oil used by aircraft manufacturer is shown in Section 10 Supplement No.2. Oil volume: Minimum ............................................. 3.2 l 0.856 US gal Maximum ............................................ 3.6 l 0.951 US gal 2-7 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.4.4 Coolant NOTE Type of coolant used by aircraft manufacturer is shown in Section 10 Supplement No.2. Coolant liquid volume: It is about ............................................ 2.5 l 0.66 US gal 2-8 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.5 Power plant instrument markings Analogue engine instruments markings and their color-code significance are shown below. Rotax 912 ULS 98.6 hp Minimum Limit (red line) Normal Operating Range (green arc) Caution Range (yellow arc) Maximum Range (red line) Engine speed RPM] 1400 1400-5500 5500-5800 5800 Oil Temperature 50 °C (122 °F) 50-110 °C (122-230 °F) 110-130 °C (230-266 °F) 130 °C (266 °F) Exhaust Gases Temp. (EGT) - 800-850 °C (1472-1562 °F) 850-880 °C (1562-1616 °F) 880°C (1616 °F) Coolant Temperature (CT) Only conventional coolant allowed 50°C (122°F) 50-110°C (122-230°F) 110-120 °C (230-248 °F) 120 °C (248 °F) Oil Pressure 0.8 bar (12 psi) 0.8-5 bar (12-73 psi) 5-7 bar (73-102 psi) 7 bar (102 psi) cold engine starting 2-9 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.6 Miscellaneous Instrument Marking There is not any miscellaneous instrument marking. 2.7 Weight Empty weight (standard equipment).. 325 kg 715 lb NOTE Actual empty weight is shown in SECTION 6 Max. take-off weight .......................... 600 kg 1320 lb Max landing weight............................ 600 kg 1320 lb Weight of fuel (120 l, 16 US gal) ......... 87 kg 209 lb Maximum baggage weight: Baggage compartment behind seats…15 kg 33 lb Wing lockers (optional) ........................ 20 kg 44 lb each Front locker (optional) ......................... 10 kg 22 lb 2.8 Center of gravity Operating C.G. range .......................... 25 to 35 % of MAC MAC ................................................ 1367 mm 53.819 in Datum: Wing leading edge between ribs No. 4 and 5, 2071 mm (81.52 in) from plane of symmetry. 2.9 Approved maneuvers Airplane Category: LSA The BRISTELL LSA is approved for normal and below listed maneuvers: • Steep turns not exceeding 60° bank • Lazy eights • Chandelles • Stalls (except whip stalls) WARNING Aerobatics and intentional spins are prohibited! 2-10 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 2.10 Maneuvering load factors Maximum positive limit load factor ...... +4 g Maximum negative limit load factor ...... -2 g 2.11 Crew Number of seats ...................................... 2 Minimum crew ......................................... 1 pilot in the left seat Minimum crew weight .......................... 55 kg 121 lb Maximum crew weight ............................. see SECTION 6 WARNING Do not exceed maximum take-off weight 600 kg (1320 lb)! 2.12 Kinds of operation There are permitted Day VFR flights. Night VFR flights and IFR flights under VMC are permitted if the aeroplane is appropriately equipped (e.g. FAR 91.205) and when the pilot has appropriate rating. WARNING IFR flights under IMC and intentional flights under icing conditions are PROHIBITED! Minimum instruments and equipment list for VFR flights: − Airspeed indicator − Altimeter − Compass (is not required by ASTM F 2245) − Fuel quantity indicator − Tachometer (RPM) − Oil temperature indicator − Oil pressure indicator − Cylinder head temperature indicator (Coolant temp indicator) 2.13 Other limitations WARNING No smoking on board of the aircraft! 3-1 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - SECTION 3 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3.2 Engine Failure 3.2.1 Engine failure during take-off run 3.2.2 Engine failure during take-off 3.2.3 Engine failure in flight 3.3 In-flight Engine Starting 3.4 Smoke and Fire 3.4.1 Fire on ground at engine starting 3.4.2 Fire on ground with engine running 3.4.3 Fire during take-off 3.4.4 Fire in flight 3.4.5 Fire in the cockpit 3.5 Glide 3.5.1 Emergency descent 3.6 Landing Emergencies 3.6.1 Emergency landing 3.6.2 Precautionary landing 3.6.3 Landing with a flat tire 3.6.4 Landing with a defective landing gear. 3.7 Recovery from Unintentional Spin 3.8 Other Emergencies 3.8.1 Vibration 3.8.2 Carburetor icing 3.8.3 Autopilot malfunction 3.8.4 Loss of oil pressure 3.8.5 High oil pressure 3.8.5.1 Oil pressure above permitted range at low ambient temperatures 3.8.5.2 High oil pressure 3.8.6 Alternator failure 3-2 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.8.7 Overvoltage 3.8.8 Inadvertent icing encounter 3.8.9 Loss of primary instruments 3.8.10 Loss of flight controls 3-3 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.1 Introduction Section 3 provides checklists and amplified procedures for coping with various emergencies that may occur. Emergencies caused by aircraft or engine malfunction are extremely rare if proper pre-flight inspections and maintenance are practiced. However, should an emergency arise, the basic guidelines described in this section should be considered and applied as necessary to correct the problem. 3.2 Engine Failure 3.2.1 Engine failure during take-off run 1. Throttle - reduce to idle 2. Ignition - switch off 3. Apply brakes 3.2.2 Engine failure during take-off 1. Speed - gliding at 120 km/h (65 KIAS) 2. Altitude - below 150 ft: land in take-off direction - over 150 ft: choose a landing area 3. Wind - find direction and velocity 4. Landing area - choose free area without obstacles 5. Flaps - extend as needed 6. Fuel Selector - shut off 7. Ignition - switch off 8. Safety harness - tighten 9. Master switch - switch off before landing 10. Land 3-4 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.2.3 Engine failure in flight 1. Push control stick forward 2. Speed - gliding at 120 km/h (65 KIAS) 3. Altitude - below 150 ft: land in take-off direction - over 150 ft: choose a landing area 4. Wind - find direction and velocity 5. Landing area - choose free area without obstacles 6. Flaps - extend as needed 7. Fuel Selector - shut off 8. Ignition - switch off 9. Safety harness - tighten 10. Master switch - switch off before landing 11. Land 3.3 In-flight Engine Starting 1. Electric pump - ON 2. Fuel Selector - switch to second fuel tank 3. Starter - switch on 3-5 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.4 Smoke and Fire 3.4.1 Fire on ground at engine starting 1. Starter - keep in starting position 2. Fuel Selector - close 3. Throttle - full power 4. Ignition - switch off 5. Leave the airplane 6. Extinguish fire by a fire extinguisher (if available) or call for a fire- brigade if you cannot do it. 3.4.2 Fire on ground with engine running 1. Heating - close 2. Fuel selector - close 3. Throttle - full power 4. Ignition - switch off 5. Leave the airplane 6. Extinguish fire by a fire extinguisher (if available) or call for a fire- brigade if you cannot do it. 3.4.3 Fire during take-off 1. Speed - 120 km/h (65 KIAS) 2. Heating - close 3. Fuel Selector - close 4. Throttle - full power 5. Ignition - switch off 6. Land and stop the airplane 7. Leave the airplane 8. Extinguish fire by a fire extinguisher (if available) or call for a fire- brigade if you cannot do it. 3-6 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.4.4 Fire in flight 1. Heating - close 2. Fuel Selector - close 3. Throttle - full power 4. Master switch - switch off 5. Ignition - switch off after the fuel in carburetors is consumed and engine shut down 6. Choose of area - heading to the nearest airport or choose emergency landing area 7. Emergency landing - perform according to 3.6 8. Leave the airplane 9. Extinguish fire by a fire extinguisher (if available) or call for a fire- brigade if you cannot do it. NOTE Estimated time to pump fuel out of carburetors is 30 seconds. WARNING Do not attempt to re-start the engine! 3.4.5 Fire in the cockpit 1. Master switch - switch off 2. Heating - close 3. Use a fire extinguisher (if available) 3-7 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.5 Glide An example of the use of gliding is in the case of engine failure 1. Speed - recommended gliding speed 120 km/h (65 KIAS) 3.5.1 Emergency descent Emergency descent means to get on the ground as quickly as possible. It is used in case of a big problem encountered in flight like engine fire, smoke in the cockpit, or any other serious problem. 1. Throttle lever - fully pulled to set idle 2. Flaps - retracted 3. Control stick - push forward to bring airplane into descent 4. Speed - VNO 129 KIAS (240 km/h) Do not exceed this speed except in smooth air, and then only with caution. - VNE 157 KIAS (290 km/h) Do not exceed this speed in any operation. Steep spiral dive with max. 60° bank may be used however be carefull to not exceed limit load factor during spiral. You can monitor area below you during a spiral. 3.6 Landing Emergencies 3.6.1 Emergency landing Emergency landings are generally carried out in the case of engine failure and the engine cannot be re-started. 1. Speed - adjust for optimum gliding 120 km/h (65 KIAS) 2. Trim - adjust 3. Safety harness - tighten 4. Flaps - extend as needed 5. COMM - if installed then report your location if possible 6. Fuel Selector - close 7. Ignition - switch off 8. Master switch - switch off 9. Perform approach without steep turns and land on chosen landing area. 3-8 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.6.2 Precautionary landing A precautionary landing is generally carried out in the cases where the pilot may be disorientated, the aircraft has no fuel reserve or possibly in bad weather conditions. 1. Choose landing area, determine wind direction 2. Report your intention to land and land area location. 3. Perform low-altitude passage into wind over the right-hand side of the chosen area with flaps extended as needed and thoroughly inspect the landing area. 4. Perform circuit pattern. 5. Perform approach at increased idling with flaps fully extended. 6. Reduce power to idle when flying over the runway threshold and touch-down at the very beginning of the chosen area. 7. After stopping the airplane switch off all switches, shut off the fuel selector, lock the airplane and seek for assistance. NOTE Watch the chosen area steadily during precautionary landing. 3.6.3 Landing with a flat tire 1. During landing keep the damaged wheel above ground as long as possible using the ailerons control 2. Maintain the direction on the landing roll out, applying rudder control. 3.6.4 Landing with a defective landing gear. 1. If the main landing gear is damaged, perform touch-down at the lowest practicable speed and if possible, maintain direction during landing run. 2. If the nose wheel is damaged perform touch-down at the lowest practicable speed and hold the nose wheel above the ground by means of the elevator control as long as possible. 3-9 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.7 Recovery from Unintentional Spin WARNING Intentional spins are prohibited! There is no an uncontrollable tendency of the airplane to enter into a spin provided the normal piloting techniques are used. Unintentional spin recovery technique: 1. Throttle - idle 2. Lateral control - ailerons neutralized 3. Rudder pedals - full opposite rudder 4. Rudder pedals - neutralize rudder immediately when rotation stops 5. Longitudinal control - neutralize or push forward and recover dive. 3-10 Date of Issue: 09/2018 Document No.: LSA-AOI-2-1-0-US Revision: - 3.8 Other Emergencies 3.8.1 Vibration If any forced aircraft vibrations appear, it is necessary: 1. To set engine speed to such power rating where the vibrations are lowest. 2. To land on the nearest airfield or to perform a precautionary landing according to 3.6 3.8.2 Carburetor icing The carburetor icing shows itself through a decrease in engine power and an increase of engine temperatures. To recover the engine power, the following procedure is recommended: 1. Speed - 140 km/h (75 KIAS) 2. Throttle - set to 1/3 of power 3. If possible, leave icing area 4. Increase the engine power gradually up to cruise conditions after 1-2 minutes If you fail to recover the engine power, land on the nearest airfield (if possible) or depending on the circumstances, perform a precautionary landing according to 3.6. NOTE If your engine is equipped with carburetor heating, use it for extended period of descent and also in area of possible carburetor icing. Remember: Aircraft is approved to operate in VMC condition only! 3.8.3 Autopilot malfunction In the case, that autopilot (if installed) starts to not work properly, press immediately red button “AP OFF” on the instrument panel. WARNING Take-Off, climb, Approach and landing with AP “ON” or with malfunction AP are PROHIBITED. 3.8.4 Loss of oil pressure 1. Reduce engine power setting to the minimum necessary 2. Carry out Precautionary landing 3.6.2. 3. Check oil system Possible causes are: