Regal Air Instrument Pilot Handbook

In the final stage of the training program, you will practice performing IFR Cross-Country flights. You will have to perform one “long” cross-country flight of at least 250nm total distance. You will also polish the skills you acquired in the previous two stages in preparation for the practical test. The training program concludes with the End-of-Course Check. This flight check is like the Practical test you will receive from the FAA Designated Pilot Examiner (DPE). This check is designed to be a dry run of the practical test to ensure you have acquired the skills and knowledge required to pass the test and earn your Instrument Rating. Preflight Preparation 9 B. Part 61 vs. Part 141 Regal Air provides training under both 14 CFR Part 61 and 14 CFR Part 141. You will receive the same amount of training, in the same aircraft, and with the same instructors regardless of which part you train under. The difference between the programs is how strictly you will have to adhere to the training syllabus. Training under 14 CFR Part 61 allows for more flexibility. Stage Checks can be performed by any experienced Certificated Instrument Flight Instructor (CFII) and the order of the lessons may be altered. The requirement for completion is that all training is received, the minimum amount of flight training hours is completed, and that a sufficient level of proficiency is achieved. Training under Part 61 requires that the pilot log at least 50 hours of Cross-Country PIC time. Training under 14 CFR Part 141 is more structured. Stage Checks and the End of Course Check may only be conducted by approved Check Instructors and the lessons must be completed in the approved order. You should train under Part 141 if: • It is required to receive financial aid • It is required to receive college/university credit • You are receiving flight training under an M-1 Visa • You have fewer than 40 hours of PIC Cross-Country time You should train under Part 61 if: • You are close to meeting or already meet, the Part 61 PIC Cross-Country requirement, and • You are not receiving financial aid Preflight Preparation 10 C. Use of Aviation Training Devices 1. Advanced Aviation Training Devices (AATD) Regal Air has an Advanced Aviation Training Device (AATD) available for instrument training. The AATD is a valuable training tool that allows the instructor to introduce new concepts and practice in a safe and stress-free environment. Using the AATD may help in reducing the costs of your flight training. The FAA has a limit on how much AATD time can be credited towards the certificate requirements. You can train in the AATD for more than this, but this is the maximum that may count towards your instrument rating: • Part 61 – 20 hours • Part 141 – 14 hours 2. Personal Computer Aviation Training Devices (PC-ATD) Using a personal training device, such as a PC-based flight simulator, may prove useful during training. A few guidelines to follow when using a personal device: • Do not log the flight time. Time spent in a personal, non- certified device does not count as flight time nor training time • Practice procedures on the device after you have been introduced to the procedures by your instructor. This will help prevent bad habits from forming which can interfere with your training. • Use airplanes that are the same make and model used for training and are equipped similarly. • Talk to your instructor about using your own flight simulator for training. Preflight Preparation 11 D. Regal Air UNICOM Frequency You may use the Regal Air UNICOM frequency to request services while you are in flight or on the ground at Paine Field. You may use this frequency to request information from the front desk including: • Requesting aircraft servicing such as oil, fuel, or an airplane tug. • Requesting assistance when dealing with an emergency or malfunction in flight. • Requesting a weather report. • Requesting advice from a Regal Air instructor. • Advising the front desk of a late arrival while in flight. Regal Air UNICOM Radio Frequency: 123.30MHz Preflight Preparation 12 E. TSA Requirements The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) requires that U.S. citizens show proof of citizenship to the flight school prior to the start of instrument flight training, which includes training in an ATD. The school is also required to keep a copy of this proof for 5 years. This proof may be one of the following: • Current U.S. Passport (original) • Birth Certificate (Original or Certified copy) and a current government issued photo I.D. • Certificate of Birth Abroad and a current government issued photo I.D. • Naturalization Certificate and a current government issued photo I.D. You may also receive flight training towards an instrument rating if you are a legal permanent resident of the U.S. (green card), a temporary worker (work visa), or foreign student (student visa). Individuals in these situations are required to complete a TSA Background Check. Please contact the front desk if this is your situation to receive more information. Non-U.S. residents who wish to take flight training towards a career will have to receive an M-1 Student Visa. Please contact he front desk for requirements. Preflight Preparation 13 F. Airport Security Regal Air must meet certain security standards due to the presence of commercial operations at Paine Field. This includes controlling who is allowed through the pedestrian gate and escorting individuals on the ramp. You must follow these rules while you are a student at Regal Air: • Do not – Allow other people through the gate, they must be “buzzed in” by our front desk or other facility they are visiting • Do not – Share the gate code with anyone else. • Lock unattended aircraft. • Report any suspicious activity to Regal Air personnel. • Call 911 in case of emergency, the Snohomish County Sheriff Department oversees security at Paine Field. Students must be escorted by Regal Air personnel while on the ramp unless they have received their student pilot certificate and are performing their duties as a pilot. Preflight Preparation 14 G. Emergency Equipment Our First Aid Kit is in the kitchen. Fire extinguishers are found in the following locations: Additional fire extinguishers are located at the fuel pumps. Some airplanes are equipped with fire extinguishers. Your CFI will brief you on their location and use. If it is necessary to evacuate the building: • Assemble at the parking lot by the pedestrian gate In case of emergency call 911. Firefighting services are provided by Paine Field Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF). Preflight Preparation 15 H. Use of Safety Belts All occupants must wear seat belts and shoulder harnesses for the duration of a flight to avoid potential injuries and to maintain airplane control when encountering unexpected turbulence. Your CFI will brief the use of safety belts and shoulder harnesses specific to your airplane. The FAA requires flight crewmembers to wear their seat belts whenever at their stations. Wearing shoulder harnesses is required during takeoff and landing unless it interferes with the crew’s duties (14 CFR 91.105). I. Emergency Exits Your instructor will provide a briefing on how to open the doors and/or emergency exits of your airplane. If it is necessary to evacuate the airplane, you should take the nearest available exit then move towards the rear of the airplane. Avoid the front of the airplane, if possible, due to the presence of the propeller and risk of fire. Preflight Preparation 16 J. Use of Checklists Airplanes are complicated vehicles which have procedures with many steps that must be performed in the correct order to operate safely. You should use the checklists provided by Regal Air as an aid to remember all the steps required to be performed for each procedure. You may use a different checklist if it is approved by your instructor. There are two checklist usage methods: • Read-and-Do Read and complete each step individually as it appears in the checklist • Do-and-Verify Perform all the steps of a procedure from memory, then verify that all steps were completed by reading the checklist Both methods are used depending on the situation. The “read-and- do” method is used when ample time is available to complete a checklist and for complex operations with many steps. The “do-and- verify” method is used during time-sensitive situations, like emergencies, or for simple and routine procedures. A common method to memorize procedures is called a “flow check”. In this method you start on one side of the flight deck then work your way to the other side of while setting each switch or control as required. Example flow check from the C-172 Pre-Landing Checks: II. Preflight Preparation Preflight Preparation 18 A. Dispatch Procedures All training flights are dispatched by the front desk. This includes flights in Regal Air airplanes as well as personally owned airplanes while receiving instruction from Regal Air staff. When you arrive at Regal Air you will be asked to sign the dispatch form accepting the airplane. You will also be provided with a “Dispatch Book” containing the keys for the airplane as well as several important documents. These documents include: • Regal Air’s checklist for that model of airplane • Copy of the airplane manual (POH/AFM) • Copy of POH/AFM Supplements • Flight Log • Maintenance Inspection Summary • Discrepancy Sheet • VOR Check Log Some aircraft are not fueled to full capacity due to the potential weight and balance issues. Tell the front desk if you need more fuel than is typically kept in these airplanes. Preflight Preparation 19 B. Preflight Briefing Your instructor will conduct a preflight briefing to ensure safe and efficient flight training operations. This briefing is usually performed in one of our briefing rooms, the classroom, or at the instructor’s desk and will include the following information: • The objectives of the lesson • The tasks to be completed in the lesson • A briefing on each of the tasks that will be introduced during the lesson (if needed) • A review of the previous flight (if needed) • A risk assessment of the flight considering the Pilots, Airplane, Environment, and External Pressures. C. Fitness for Flight Part of the risk assessment for each flight includes assessing your own fitness for flight as well as the instructors. You should apply the FAA’s IMSAFE checklist before every flight. Your instructor will provide more information on each item. I - Illness M - Medication S - Stress A - Alcohol F - Fatigue E - Eating/Emotions Preflight Preparation 20 D. Flight Log The Flight log is used to track the hours of operation of the airplane, when it was flown, and by whom. Regal Air uses the airplane’s “Hobbs Time” for billing purposes. You should verify the correctness of the last entry during the preflight portion to ensure accurate billing. Preflight Preparation 21 E. Maintenance Inspections Once it has been determined that both you and the instructor are fit for flight, you will have to verify whether the airplane is airworthy. This means you will have to ensure all required inspections have been completed, there are no unresolved maintenance issues, and all required documents are on board. One of the documents found in the Dispatch Book is a summary of required inspections. It contains a table with the due date or “tach time” for each inspection. These inspections include: • Annual Inspection • 100-Hour Inspection • Altimeter and Pitot-Static System (IFR Check) • Transponder Inspection • ELT Battery Expiration Date • Various Airworthiness Directives (AD) Preflight Preparation 22 F. Discrepancy Sheet Another useful document regarding airworthiness is the “Squawk Sheet”. This document is used by pilots to communicate maintenance issues to other pilots and to our crew of Aviation Maintenance Technicians (AMT). You should always verify this document to ensure there are no known issues that may affect the safety of flight. When a maintenance issue is found, it is recorded under the “Discrepancy” column. Please make sure to write clearly and describe the issue in as much detail as possible. Regal Air staff then determine the effect on airworthiness and communicate the issue to the maintenance department. An AMT will then either correct or defer the issue, which is recorded under the “Deferred Action” or “Corrective Action” lines. Preflight Preparation 23 G. Aircraft Documents The FAA requires the following documents to be onboard of the airplane: • Airworthiness Certificate – Which must be visible • Registration • Radio Station License o for international flights, FCC requirement • Operating Limitation Information o Placards o Instrument Markings o Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) – for airplanes built after March 1, 1979 • Weight and Balance Information • Supplements for the AFM and cockpit reference guides for certain equipment Specific document requirements and their location varies from airplane to airplane. Your instructor will brief you on their location. Typically, they will be found within a plastic bag inside a “glove compartment” or seat pocket. NOTE: These documents must remain within the airplane at all times, do not remove from the airplane Preflight Preparation 24 H. Weather Information The next step in your decision making will be gathering weather information to determine if the weather conditions are safe to fly in. Your instructor will show you how to get this weather information. This information may come from a variety of providers including: • Flight Service Station (https://www.1800wxbrief.com/) • NOAA’s Aviation Weather Center (https://aviationweather.gov/) • Various Electronic Flight Bag (EFB) applications for mobile devices If planning to use a commercial weather information source, discuss it with your instructor to ensure it provides all the information you need. Preflight Preparation 25 I. Flight Deck Management The flight deck is your workspace while you are flying an airplane. Keeping the space organized will allow you to quickly find the items that you need when you need them. Here are a few recommendations to keep your flight deck organized: Kneeboard • Use a kneeboard with pockets or sleeves. • Keep paperwork you will need to use in flight on your kneeboard including checklists, navigation logs, plotters, flight computers, and mobile devices. • Get rid of old paperwork to declutter your kneeboard. • Bring 2-3 pens/pencils in case you lose one in flight. • Tie your pen/pencil to your kneeboard Flight Bag • Keep additional items you may have to use in flight or during your flight lesson such as your logbook, chart supplements, spare mobile devices, aviation radios, survival or emergency use items, snacks, and beverages in your flight bag. • Remove any items that you will not use in flight such as books, notebooks, laptops, etc. • Place the flight bag behind and to your right to be able to reach it easily. Pockets • Put other necessary items in available pockets such as charts, sunglasses, and view limiting device. • Make sure to verify the pockets before exiting the airplane so you do not leave any items. Other • Do not put any items under your seat, they can roll forward and interfere with the pedals • Secure all items so they do not move around in turbulence • Do not put large items on the glareshield, the windshield is easily scratched Normal Procedures at Regal Air 27 III. Normal Procedures at Regal Air Normal Procedures at Regal Air 28 A. Engine Starting The ramp area can be a busy place occupied by multiple people and with several airplanes operating at once. Please start the airplane within its designated parking spot following manufacturer’s instructions and the Regal Air checklist. Additionally, take the following precautions: • If the airplane is parked next to a building or hangar, pull the airplane away from the building and angle the airplane so that the propeller wash does not impact the building. The propeller wash can throw dirt and debris unto the building. • Ensure there are no people near the propeller or directly behind the airplane before starting the engine. • Turn the “Beacon” or “Anti-Collision” light “ON” before engine start to provide others with a visual warning. • Call “Clear!” before starting the engine, this will warn people near the airplane who you may have not seen. • Move the throttle control to a position that provides less than 1,000 RPM as soon as possible to reduce noise and avoid creating excessive propeller wash. Normal Procedures at Regal Air 29 B. Taxiing Use minimum power necessary to get the airplane moving when leaving your parking spot. High power settings cause excessive noise and can throw debris at other people and airplanes around you. Make sure to look both ways before leaving your tie down spot. Additionally, perform a brake check as you pull out to ensure the brakes work properly before you gain too much speed. Please follow the routes depicted below when taxiing out for departure. The route to follow will vary depending on the runway you wish to use. If departing on runways 16R/34L, the “big” runway, taxi away from your tie down and to the first intersection to the northwest side of the parking area. Then call ATC with your request. If departing on runway 34R, northbound on the “small” runway, leave your parking spot and taxi to the first intersection to the southeast before calling ATC for taxi clearance to runway 34R. Normal Procedures at Regal Air 30 If departing from runway 16L, southbound on the “small” runway, taxi all the way to the runup area and perform the before takeoff checks without calling the ground controller. This area is all “non- movement” and ground control has no jurisdiction. After performing the before takeoff checks, taxi to the edge of the non-movement area on the north end of “G” taxiway, then call ground control to request permission to taxi to runway 16L. Non-Movement Area: An area of the airport that is not controlled by ATC. Ground Control has no authority or responsibility in this area. Includes areas for loading, unloading, parking, and moving aircraft Movement Area: An area of the airport that is under the jurisdiction of ATC. Includes taxiways and runways. Normal Procedures at Regal Air 31 C. Before Takeoff Checks Before takeoff checks for IFR flights will take longer than those for VFR. Please take the following into consideration when performing the before takeoff checks: • There is limited space in the runup areas, and many airplanes may be trying to use them during peak hours; position yourself in a way that allows room for other airplanes to enter the runup area. • The higher power settings used in the runup cause a strong propwash that can scatter debris behind the airplane and buffet other airplanes and windsocks. Make sure to position your airplane in a way that avoids “blasting” other airplanes, people, vehicles, and wind socks. • Avoid performing runups on the main taxiways since you may block other aircraft. See the diagrams on the following page for ideas on how to position the airplane. These are suggestions, you may have to position the airplane differently based on the positioning of other aircraft and the amount of traffic trying to use the runway. Normal Procedures at Regal Air 32 Runup area 16L: Runup area 34R: Normal Procedures at Regal Air 33 Runup area 16R: Runup area 34L: Normal Procedures at Regal Air 34 E. Parking Park your airplane at its designated tie-down spot. If the tie-down is occupied upon your arrival, park the airplane at one of the “transient” parking spots instead of at another airplane’s reserved slot. You may move straight into your parking slot from the rear if there are no airplanes parked behind your spot. Note that you may have to request clearance onto “Delta” taxiway when parking straight in. If you are unable to move straight into your slot, stop in the middle of the taxi lane at a 90o angle from your slot, then properly shut down the airplane. Once the airplane is shut down, promptly push the airplane into the tie-down spot using the towbar. Normal Procedures at Regal Air 35 F. Airplane Handling Take the following precautions when pushing or pulling the airplane: • Always use the towbar when pushing or pulling the airplane, applying excessive force on other parts of the airplane may cause damage • Do not deflect the towbar more than 30o from center as this can put undue stress on the nose gear • Do not leave the towbar attached when not in use • Take the keys out of the ignition and place them on the glareshield to ensure the magnetos are in the OFF position • Ensure the towbar does not contact the propeller • If it is necessary to turn the propeller, turn it slowly and in the opposite direction of normal rotation with your fingertips to prevent kickback • Do not push/pull on the following parts o Tail surfaces o Control surfaces o Wings o Propeller or propeller spinner Normal Procedures at Regal Air 36 G. Securing the Airplane Ensure the following steps are completed before leaving the airplane: • Insert the control wheel lock • Secure your personal property • Pick up any trash left in the airplane • Buckle the lap belt and ensure it does not interfere with the door o This does not apply to N97AT which is equipped with seatbelt mounted airbags. The seatbelt should remain unbuckled when not in use to prevent issues with this system. • Use shoulder harness tidy clips if supplied • Secure the airplane with the provided chains, remove as much slack as possible • If the winds are over 25 knots, secure the airplane with the straps, in addition to the chains • Lock all doors Normal Procedures at Regal Air 37 Normal Procedures at Regal Air 38 IV. IFR Procedures IFR Procedures 40 A. IFR Flight Plans You may use the Flight Service Station (FSS) to file your flight plans. You can do this via phone by calling 1-800-WX-BRIEF or online by going to www.1800wxbrief.com. You may also use any other 3rd party system you prefer to file flight plans. If you will be conducting approaches at several airports, ATC has asked that we file a flight plan for each airport. For example: When filing a flight plan for a flight that departs and arrives at the same airport you will need to put a waypoint in the route. For example, you want to practice ILS approaches at Paine Field (KPAE), so you file KPAE -> EYWOK -> KPAE. Many systems will not accept filing only KPAE -> KPAE. You will depart Paine Field (KPAE) to perform a Localizer (LOC) approach at Arlington (KAWO), then flight back to KPAE to perform a GPS 34L approach. You should file two flight plans: 1. KPAE -> SAVOY -> KAWO 2. K AWO -> RARYO -> KPAE IFR Procedures 41 B. Requesting Your Clearance It is preferred to request your IFR clearance from your designated parking spot instead of in the runup area. Space is limited in the runup areas and receiving a clearance can take a long time. Please make sure your propeller wash is not aimed at a building or other aircraft while picking up your instrument clearance. “Paine Clearance, N738SE, Ready to Copy IFR to Bellingham” Alternatively, you may also pick up your clearance after departure if the weather conditions allow for a VFR departure. IFR Procedures 42 C. Approach Profile (C172) Key Power Settings • Cruise: 2,100 RPM – 2,500 RPM (as indicated in performance charts) • Cruise Descent: 2,000 RPM @ Cruise Speed • Terminal Area Level Flight: 2,100 RPM (~90 KIAS) • Approach Descent (No Vertical Guidance): 1,700 RPM @ 90KIAS (~700 FPM) IFR Procedures 43 D. Approach with Vertical Guidance Profile (C172) Key Power Settings • Cruise: 2,100 RPM – 2,500 RPM (as indicated in performance charts) • Cruise Descent: 2,000 RPM @ Cruise Speed • Terminal Area Level Flight: 2,100 RPM (~90 KIAS) • Approach Descent (With Vertical Guidance): 1,800 RPM @ 85KIAS (~500 FPM) IFR Procedures 44 V. Emergency Procedures Emergency Procedures 46 A. Emergency Equipment and Survival Gear 1. Survival Kit Each Regal Air aircraft is equipped with a survival kit. This kit is inside a yellow waterproof container that is usually attached with hook- and-loop fasteners in the baggage compartment. It contains the following items: First Aid Book Accident Report form Critical Action Cards Aluminum foil Water Purification Tabs Adhesive Bandages Butterfly Strips Benzalkonium Wipes 100” Duct Tape Electrolytes replacement mix Emergency Blanket Fishing Kit Flagging Tape Medical Grade Gloves Multi-Tool Knife Needles (Sewing) Parachute Cord Signal Mirror Snare Wire Spark Flint-Tinder Kit Splint Whistle Tube Tent LED Flashlight – 9 Volt Emergency Procedures 47 2. Fire Extinguishers Some airplanes at Regal Air are equipped with fire extinguishers. These are typically mounted between the two front seats. You should inspect the following before flight: • General condition • Safety pin is in place and secured with a plastic strip • The pressure gauge is in the green • It is properly fastened • Date of last inspection Emergency Procedures 48 B. Loss of Communications If you are unable to contact ATC, first attempt to fix the problem: - Check COM volume - Check headset volume and plugs - Verify that you are on the correct frequency - Verify that you are using the correct radio (COM1 or COM2) - Try a different radio - Try a different ATC frequency If unable to communicate with ATC after attempting to fix the problem: - If you are currently in VMC and have reasonable expectation of being able to reach a nearby airport under VFR, divert to an airport under VFR - Otherwise select a route and altitude based on the following: Route Altitude In order: The highest of: Assigned by ATC Minimum for segment Expected Expected Filed Route Assigned If being vectored: Directly to the expected fix or Join expected route Emergency Procedures 49 C. Instrument Failures If a flight instrument or navigation system has failed: 1. Maintain positive airplane control 2. Determine how it affects your flight 3. Use a secondary or backup instrument/system if available 4. Contact ATC with the following information: a. Tail Number b. Equipment that failed c. How it affects your flight d. What assistance do you require Emergency Procedures 50 VI. Privately Owned Airplanes Privately Owned Airplanes 52 A. Requirements Regal Air may be able provide training in your own airplane. This service will depend on the specific make and model of the airplane and the availability of instructors with experience in the same or similar type of airplane. To receive training in your own airplane you must: ▪ Ensure the airplane is airworthy o Must show proof of the airworthiness of the airplane by providing the original maintenance logs, including: ▪ Annual inspection ▪ Recurrent AD compliance ▪ Transponder check ▪ ELT Inspection and battery expiration date o Must provide the required aircraft documents: ▪ Airworthiness Certificate ▪ Registration ▪ POH/AFM (if required) ▪ Latest weight and balance information ▪ Flight Manual Supplements ▪ Required placards ▪ Must have airplane owner’s insurance that will cover flight training and understand their requirements to provide coverage. o Must show proof of insurance to Regal Air Regal Air will keep copies of the documents used to prove airworthiness and insurance coverage. Appendix A: Airworthiness Checklist 54 AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS (14 CFR 91.7) Documents (14 CFR 91.9, 91.203) Airworthiness Document No expiration, as long properly maintained Registration Expires every 3 years Radio Station License* Only for international flight Operating Limitations \ AFM After 1979 requires AFM Weight and Balance No expiration, as long as nothing changes Supplements & Guides AFM Supplements and Guides Inspections (14 CFR 91. 403, 91.409, 91.411, 91.413, 91.171, 91.207) Airworthiness Directives Verify AD Compliance Annual Inspection 12 Months, performed by an IA VOR Check 30 Days, performed by the pilot (IFR only) 100-Hour Inspection For hire & instr. for hire, performed by AMT Altimeter \ Pitot Static Check 24 Months (IFR only) Transponder Check 24 Months ELT Inspection 12 Months ELT Battery Change or Recharge 50% of battery useful shelf-life 1 hour of cumulative use Day VFR Minimum Equipment (14 CFR 91.205, 91.207, 91.209) Anti-collision Light* *After 1996 Tachometer Oil Temperature Gauge Magnetic Compass Altimeter Temperature Gauge* *For each liquid cooled engine Oil Pressure Gauge Fuel Gauges Floatation Devices* *For hire beyond gliding distance of shore Landing Gear Pos. Indicators* *If equipped with retractable landing gear Airspeed Indicator Manifold Pressure Gauge* *For each altitude engine ELT Seat Belts \ Shoulder Harness *See 91.205(b)(14) for details Night Minimum Equipment IFR Minimum equipment Fuses (one kit or 3 of each type) Generator or Alternator Landing Light (for hire) Radio and Navigation Equipment (as req.) Anti-Collision Light Attitude indicator Position Lights Ball Source of Electrical Power Clock with sweep second hand Altimeter (Sensitive) Rate of Turn Indicator Directional Gyro 55 SPECIAL EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS Transponder and ADS-B Out Requirements (14 CFR 91.215 & 91.225) 2-Way Radio Requirements [14 CFR 91.129, .130, .131, .135, .205(d)] Class A, B, and C airspace Class A, B, C, and D Within 30nm of the primary airport of a Class B airspace Instrument Flight Rules Above the lateral boundaries of Class C airspace Above 10,000’ MSL (If Above 2,500’ AGL) INOPERATIVE EQUIPMENT (14 CFR 91.213) If equipped with a Minimum Equipment List (MEL) Follow MEL Instructions If not equipped with MEL [14 CFR 91.213(d)] Check 14 CFR 91.205 Check POH\AFM Equipment List Check Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) Check the Kinds of Operations Equipment List (KOEL) Evaluate the effect of inoperative equipment on the safety of flight. Inoperative Equipment Procedures *At Regal Air: Contact the Front Desk about the discrepancy 1. - Remove Equipment (may require an AMT) - Removal may require additional tools and expertise - This requires maintenance or preventive maintenance and must be logged properly in maintenance logbook 2. - Deactivate Equipment (may require an AMT) - Deactivation may require additional tools and expertise - If deactivation involves maintenance or preventive maintenance: must be logged properly in the maintenance logbook 3. Placard the equipment “Inoperative” or “Inop” 4. Annotate the discrepancy (ex. Squawk Sheet) *At Regal Air: Contact the Front Desk about the discrepancy 56 57 Appendix B: Pilot Qualifications Checklist 58 PILOT QUALIFICATIONS Fitness for Flight (14 CFR 91.17 and AIM 8-1-1) Illness Check for sickness or health conditions Medicine Check with Aviation Medical Examiner Stress Avoid daily life stresses Alcohol 8 Hours “Bottle to Throttle”, no more than 0.04% BAC Fatigue Rest before a flight Eating Ensure adequate nutrition and hydration Currency (14 CFR 61.57) Day At least 3 takeoffs and landings in the last 90 days in the same Category and Class of aircraft Night At least 3 takeoffs and full stop landings in the last 90 days, 1 hour after sunset and 1 hour before sunrise in same Category and Class of aircraft Tailwheel At least 3 takeoffs and landings to a full stop in the last 90 days in a tailwheel airplane Instrument Using Aircraft, Flight Simulator, FTD, or ATD: 6 Approaches, a holding pattern, tracking and intercepting courses within the preceding 6 months If less than 6 months since last current: Achieve currency while VFR with safety pilot or CFII If more than 6 months since last current: Instrument Proficiency Check Documents (14 CFR 61.3) Government Issued Photo Identification Pilot Certificate Medical Certificate or BasicMed Additional Endorsement Requirements (14 CFR 61.31) Tailwheel To fly airplanes equipped with a tailwheel High Performance To fly airplanes with over 200HP Complex To fly airplanes with retractable landing gear, constant-speed propeller and flaps High Altitude To fly pressurized airplanes with a maximum service ceiling of 25,000 or higher 59 Additional Type Ratings (14 CFR 61.31) Aircraft requiring additional type ratings Large Aircraft (>12,500lb.) Turbojet Powered Aircraft Others specified by the FAA Medical Requirements (14 CFR 61.23) For Airline Transport Pilot: First Class (over 40yo): 6 Months First Class (under 40yo): 12 Months For Commercial Pilot: First or Second Class: 12 Months For Private Pilot: First, Second, or Third Class (over 40yo): 24 Months First, Second, or Third Class (under 40yo): 60 Months Basic Med (PPL): Physical Exam: 48 Months: Online Medical Course: 24 Months Basic Med Aircraft Limitations (14 CFR 61.113(i)) Weight: No more than 6,000 lb. Max TO Weight Seats: Not authorized for more than 6 seats Passengers: No more than 5 passengers Operational Restrictions: May not fly above 18,000’ MSL May not fly in excess of 250 knots May not operate outside of US, unless approved by the country over which you are flying Proficiency Am I familiar with this aircraft type? Am I familiar with the avionics? Am I proficient in the current weather conditions? Am I proficient in this type of operation? Am I proficient at the types of procedures that are planned? 60 61 Appendix C: IFR Checklists 62 IFR DEPARTURE CHECKLIST Preflight: Before Engine Start Pitot Heat CHECK VOR CHECKED within 30 days After Engine Start, Prior to Taxi Clock SET Audio Panel (marker beacon) TEST GPS Database CURRENT GPS Map Data Fields SET ATIS/ASOS RECEIVED IFR Clearance RECEIVED Transponder SET and ALT Ground Control Taxi to Ramp limit, CALL During Taxi Magnetic Compass VERIFY MOVEMENT Attitude Indicator ERECT and Stable Heading Indicator Verify Movement Direction Turn Coordinator Verify Yaw Direction Slip/Skid Indicator Verify Free Before Run-Up Instrument Flags CHECK Alt. Static Source CHECK Altimeter Within 75’ Field Elevation VSI 0 FPM Charts and Logs Organized GPS Flight Plan Loaded NAV Radios TITO/VOR Check COM Radios TWR/CTAF + TRACON Before Take Off Departure Briefing Completed Takeoff Clearance Received Time off RECORD 63 IFR APPROACH CHECKLIST Weather ATIS/ASOS/AWOS RECEIVED Winds NOTED Visibility NOTED Ceiling NOTED Temperature NOTED Altimeter SET Heading Indicator SET Approach Briefing Chart Verify Correct GPS Load / Activate Approach CDI Proper Setting NAV 1 Tune, Identify, Twist NAV 2 Tune, Identify, Twist Route and Altitudes BRIEFED Approach Minimums BRIEFED Missed Approach Procedure BRIEFED Radios Approach Frequency SET Tower/CTAF SET Ground Control SET Execute Pre-landing Checks