NORMAL & ABNORMAL CHECKLIST – PH-SKM– V1.7 01112024

PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 6 Instructions for use fuel dipstick and fuel gauge 1. Dipstick clean 2. Aircraft horizontal, 10 cm difference in wingtip is no problem 3. Black marking level with the edge of the filler neck 4. The lowest notch indicates 10 liters of usable fuel 5. 2nd mark 20 liters 6. 3rd mark 30 liters 7. 4th mark 40 liters 8. 5th mark 50 liters 9. Last mark 60 liters The total capacity of 77 liters is NOT marked. Note: Due to the shape of the tank, the distances between the markings are not equal. The fuel gauges do not reliably indicate the amount of fuel. The fuel gauge shows more fuel than the dipstick. The gauge gives a false positive impression of the amount of fuel. During flight, the gauge does decrease. To prevent running out of fuel, it has been decided that when the fuel gauge indicates ¼, landing must occur within 30 minutes. Instructions for checking and refilling oil If the dipstick indicates a low oil level, the propeller must first be turned manually. Follow these steps: 1. Ensure safety first: - Confirm that the key has been removed from the ignition. - Set the throttle lever to fully open (this ensures the engine cannot start). - Engage the brakes on the Katana. 2. Prepare to turn the propeller: - Remove the oil filler cap, but leave the dipstick in place. - Turn the propeller only in its normal rotation direction (standing in front of the aircraft facing the propeller, this is counterclockwise). Continue turning until you hear a slurping sound. 3. Check the oil level: - Measure the oil level using the dipstick. A normal oil level is indicated on the flat section of the dipstick. 4. Finish up: - Reinsert the dipstick, tighten the oil filler cap, and close the compartment hatch. If the oil level is too low, contact Ops so that maintenance can refill the oil. What can go wrong? 1. Using the wrong oil: The Katana requires Aeroshell Sport Plus 4 oil, which is not always stocked by ground services. Never add oil from ground services into the Katana without verifying it is the correct type. 2. Turning the propeller in the wrong direction: Never turn the propeller against the normal rotation direction. Doing so will damage the gearbox. 3. Overfilling the oil: The difference between minimum and maximum on the dipstick is only 0.45 liters. Refilling often requires just a few deciliters, and too much oil can cause the engine to seize. Do not add oil unnecessarily. 4. Reading the oil level when the engine is hot: When the engine has just been running, the oil will be dispersed throughout the engine, causing the dipstick to show a lower level. If the dipstick shows minimum on a warm engine, the oil level is sufficient. If the dipstick indicates a very low level, turn the propeller as per the instructions above. Always handle oil checks and refills with care to ensure the aircraft's proper functioning! NORMAL CHECKLIST DV-20 VFR DAY ONLY PH-SKM Perform blue checklist items from memory NORMAL & ABNORMAL CHECKLIST – PH-SKC – V1.11 01112024 1 BEFORE STARTING ENGINE Walk around check and visual Inspection ............. COMPLETED Rudder pedals ........................................ADJUSTED & LOCKED Safety belts................................................................FASTENED Departure/pax briefing ........................................... COMPLETED Canopy (check left and right) ............... CLOSED AND LOCKED Parking brake ................ PULL KNOB, PUSH BRAKES 3 TIMES Fuel shut-off valve ..............................................................OPEN Carburetor heat ......................................................... FREE, OFF Throttle ..................................................................... FREE, IDLE Propeller speed control lever........................... FREE, MAX RPM Friction of throttle quadrant ............................................ ADJUST Avionics master switch ..........................................................OFF Master switch (battery) ........................................................... ON Coolant level light ..................................... ON 3-5 sec. then OFF Generator warning light .......................................................... ON Fuel pressure warning light .................................................... ON Low voltage caution light ........................................................ ON HOBBS & VUT ................................................................ NOTED STARTING ENGINE Electric fuel pump ………… ............. (noise of pump audible) ON Fuel pressure warning light .................................................. OFF Anti-Collision Light.................................................................. ON COLD START Throttle ..................................................... IDLE Choke......................................................... ON WARM START Throttle................APPROX. 2 CM FORWARD Choke........................................................OFF Propeller area .................................................................. CLEAR Ignition key ...................................................................... START CAUTION: If oil pressure is below 1.5 bar shut down engine immediately (10 seconds maximum delay) AFTER STARTING ENGINE Throttle ............................................................. 1100 - 1500 RPM Oil pressure ...................... IN GREEN RANGE WITHIN 10 SEC Choke ...................................................................................OFF Engine instruments .................................................... CHECKED Generator warning light ........................................................OFF Low voltage caution light ......................................................OFF Electric fuel pump .................................................................OFF Fuel press warning light…..Might not illuminate (Wait for 10 sec) Electric fuel pump .................................................................. ON Ammeter .................................................................. CHARGING Avionics master switch .......................................................... ON Radio equipment & transponder .......................... ON/SET/STBY Flight instruments ......................................SET AND CHECKED Flaps ........................................ CHECK, EXTEND & RETRACT Parking brake ............................................................. RELEASE DURING TAXIING Brakes ....................................................................... CHECKED Instruments ................................................................ CHECKED CAUTION: warm up engine oil to a temperature of 50°at 1100 – 1500rpm (also possible during taxiing) ENGINE RUNUP/BEFORE TAKE OFF Parking brake ............... PULL KNOB, PUSH BRAKES 3 TIMES Canopy (check left and right) ...............CLOSED AND LOCKED Engine instruments ............................. WITHIN GREEN RANGE Fuel quantity indicator .................................................... CHECK Flaps....................................................................................... T/O Controls .................................................. FREE AND CORRECT Trim ............................................................................ NEUTRAL Throttle ....................................................................... 1700 RPM Propeller speed control lever ..... PULL COMPLETELY 3 TIMES ........................................................ (RPM drop: 100 - 200 RPM) CONTINUED – ENGINE RUNUP/BEFORE TAKE OFF Ignition switch ............. (drop 150 RPM, diff 50 RPM) L/R/BOTH Throttle ...................................................................... 1500 RPM Carburetor heat ............................................ (drop: 30 RPM) ON Carburetor heat ................................... (RPM back to 1500) OFF Throttle ......................................... FULL for 5 Sec, back to IDLE Throttle ...................................................................... 1000 RPM Electric fuel pump .................................................................. ON Propeller speed control lever ...................................... MAX RPM Transponder ......................................................................... ALT Landing light ....................................................... AS REQUIRED Take-Off briefing .................................................... COMPLETED Parking brake ............................................................. RELEASE AFTER TAKE-OFF (min 200ft AAL) Flaps ....................................................................................... UP Propeller speed control lever ...................................... 2400 RPM Electric fuel pump ................................. (above 1000ft AAL) OFF CRUISE Throttle ............................................................... AS REQUIRED Propeller speed control lever ............................ 1900-2400 RPM APPROACH Approach briefing .................................................. COMPLETED Altimeter ........................................................................... SET QNH Electric fuel pump ................................................................... ON Landing light ............................................................ AS REQUIRED Ignition switch .................................................................... BOTH Brakes/belts/loose objects .... CHECKED/FASTENED/STOWED DOWNWIND (70 kts) Carburetor heat ...................................................................... ON Flaps .................................................................. (max 81 kts) T/O Engine instruments/fuel quantity ................................ CHECKED FINAL (minimum approach speed 60 kts) Propeller speed control lever .........................................MAX RPM Flaps....................................................................... AS REQUIRED BALKED LANDING Propeller speed control lever .........................................MAX RPM Throttle ............................................................................... FULL Carburetor heat ...................................................................... OFF Flaps ..........................................................................................T/O Speed ...........................................................................(VX) 58 KTS AFTER LANDING Throttle ....................................................................................IDLE Flaps ...........................................................................................UP Carburetor heat ...................................................................... OFF Landing light ............................................................................ OFF Transponder ............................................................................ SBY ENGINE SHUT-DOWN Throttle ............................................................................... IDLE Parking brake .............. PULL KNOB, PUSH BRAKES 3 TIMES Electric fuel pump ................................................................. OFF Avionics master switch ........................................................ OFF All electric switches (except ACL) ....................................... OFF Ignition switch ............................................ OFF/KEY REMOVED Anti Collision Light ............................................................... OFF Master switch ....................................................................... OFF HOBBS and VUT ............................................................ NOTED Emergency locator transmitter ...................... NOT TRIGGERED Pitot cover & stall warning plug .................................... INSTALL ABNORMAL CHECKLIST DV-20 VFR DAY ONLY PH-SKM Perform RED & BOLD checklist items from memory NORMAL & ABNORMAL CHECKLIST – PH-SKC – V1.11 01112024 2 ENGINE FAILURES / MALFUNCTION: ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT Airspeed ..........................................................................70 KTS Propeller speed control lever ....................... FULL FORWARD Electric fuel pump ............................................................... ON Ignition ..............................................................................BOTH Carburetor heat .................................................................... ON Choke ...................................................................................OFF Fuel shut-off valve ...........................................................OPEN (If unable to start engine proceed with emergency landing with engine off below) ENGINE RUNNING ROUGHLY Carburetor heat .................................................................... ON Electric fuel pump ................................................................ ON Ignition ................................................................ CHECK BOTH Throttle ............................................... AT PRESENT POSITION No improvement ............. REDUCE THROTTLE TO MIN REQ POWER AND LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE LOSS OF OIL PRESSURE Oil temperature .............................................................. CHECK If oil pressure drops below green arc but oil temp is normal ...................................................LAND AT NEAREST AIRPORT If oil pressure drops below green arc and oil temp is rising ......... LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AND BE PREPARED FOR ENGINE FAILURE AND EMERGENCY LANDING LOSS OF FUEL PRESSURE Electric fuel pump ................................................................ ON If fuel pressure warning light does not extinguish ........................ LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AND BE PREPARED FOR ENGINE FAILURE AND EMERGENCY LANDING EMERGENCY LANDING WITH ENGINE OFF Airspeed ............................................................................59 kts Flaps ................................................................... AS REQUIRED Fuel shut-off valve....................................................... CLOSED Ignition switch .....................................................................OFF Master switch (battery) .......................................................OFF Belts.................................................................................. TIGHT FIRES: ENGINE FIRE ON THE GROUND Fuel shut-off valve....................................................... CLOSED Throttle ...............................................................................FULL Master switch (battery) .......................................................OFF Ignition switch .....................................................................OFF .................................... EVACUATE AIRPLANE IMMEDIATELY ENGINE FIRE IN FLIGHT Airspeed ..........................................................................70 KTS Flaps ...................................................................................... T/O Fuel shut-off valve....................................................... CLOSED Throttle ...............................................................................FULL Electric fuel pump ...............................................................OFF Cabin heat .................................................................... CLOSED Master switch (battery) .......................................................OFF ........ PERFORM EMERGENCY LANDING WITH ENGINE OFF ELECTRICAL FIRE OR SMOKE ON THE GROUND Master switch (battery) ...................................................... OFF IF ENGINE RUNNING: Throttle ................................................................................ IDLE Fuel shut-off valve ......................................................... CLOSED Ignition switch ....................................................................... OFF Canopy .............................................................................. OPEN ELECTRICAL FIRE INCLUDING SMOKE IN FLIGHT Master switch (battery) ...................................................... OFF Cabin heat ................................................................... CLOSED Cabin air ........................................................................... OPEN In case the fire is extinguished and electric power is required for continuation of the flight: Avionics master switch ......................................................... OFF Electric consumers ............................................................... OFF Master switch (battery) ........................................................... ON Avionics master switch ........................................................... ON Radio ...................................................................................... ON .................................................. LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE CABIN FIRE DURING FLIGHT Master switch (battery) ...................................................... OFF Cabin heat ................................................................... CLOSED Cabin air ........................................................................... OPEN ................................................. LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE ELECTRICAL FAILURES: GENERATOR WARNING LIGHT W/ENGINE RUNNING Ammeter .......................................................................... CHECK If needle indicates discharge ....................................................... ........................................... SWITCH OFF ALL NONESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT AND LAND AT NEAREST SUITABLE AIRPORT LO/V CAUTION LIGHT ILLUMINATED INFLIGHT Landing light ........................................................................ OFF Ammeter ......................................................................... CHECK If LO/V caution light remains illuminated and ammeter shows discharge ........................... SWITCH OFF ALL NONESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT AND LAND AT NEAREST SUITABLE AIRPORT FLAP SYSTEM FAILURE: FLAP POSITION Only UP available ........ RAISE APPROACH SPEED BY 10 KTS Only T/O available ...................... NORMAL APPROACH SPEED Only LDG available...................................... NORMAL LANDING NOTE: This checklist is a Recommended Operator Checklist and for reference only. It is not a substitute for and does not supersede the current approved Airplane Flight Manual. For a comprehensive listing see the Airplane Flight Manual. AEROCLUB HILVERSUM-AMSTERDAM NL-ATO-227 PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 11 Departure and approach briefing & threat and error management Operational briefings such as the departure and approach briefing are an integral element of the Treat and Error Management process for each flight. Briefings should focus on the identification of threats that affect the intended operations and how to mitigate those identified threats. Furthermore, a briefing serves as mental preparation for the upcoming flight and to share with the other people on board a mental model of the intended operation. A briefing creates capacity in thinking and acting, it enables team confidence building (e.g. when you fly with another rated pilot) and minimizes the startle effect when non-standard situations are encountered. This increases resilience. Threats All of the following are threats: - Events or errors that occur beyond the influence of the flight crew - Increased operational complexity - Situations that must be managed to maintain the margin of safety. There is no limit to the possible number of threats that may occur. Examples of possible threats are: Airport - Infrastructure - Runway condition - NOTAMs ATC - Restrictions - Phraseologies - Required reporting points Aircraft - Aircraft defects - Fuel status Environment - Tree tops - Buildup areas to avoid - Glider activity - Noise abatement area’s Weather - Wind direction, gusts - Visibility - Sunrise/sunset visibility Crew - Who is PF/PIC - Low experience - Distraction of passengers Terrain - Unfamiliar environment - Specific visual dep/arr routes Preparation for briefing Preparation for each briefing starts with the preparation for the flight by collecting the data for your flight such as aircraft technical status, route planning, weather, NOTAMs and fuel planning. Once ready to brief, which can be done after the walkaround once settled in the seat before starting the checklists, the suggested briefing structure is: PLAN, THREATS, THREAT MANAGEMENT, MISCELLANEOUS Suggested items of a departure briefing are: PLAN - Takeoff runway and how to get there - Wind direction - Type of takeoff (normal, short field, soft field etc.) - First altitude and where to go after takeoff - Available (extra) fuel - What to do in case of rejected takeoff - What to do in case of engine failure after takeoff - Who is PF, who is PIC - Who does what when flying with 2 rated pilots THREATS - Brief any threats (see examples in matrix above) PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 12 THREAT MANAGEMENT - Brief what you can do to mitigate the mentioned threats MISCELLANEOUS - E.g. pax briefing if not already briefed (e.g. request to remain silent till after departure) An example of a departure briefing is: PLAN - Runway 25 in use - Wind direction 230/10 - From here 2 times right and then to the beginning of the runway for engine checks - We are going to make a soft field takeoff (and if necessary explain how) - We leave the circuit at 700 ft at the crosswind leg under 45 degrees - We have ¾ tank so one hour extra fuel on top of minimum required - In case we reject. (explain actions with touchcheck) - In case of failure after takeoff, available fields are limited in takeoff direction so if needed we turn 90 degrees to the left - I am PF, you are PIC (e.g. in case of flying with instructor) - Who does what when flying with 2 rated pilots (I fly the airplane, you do the RT and back me up where required). THREATS AND THREAT MANAGEMENT - Gliders active so in case of go around, we stay clear of the right side of the runway) - Sun is low, so sunglasses on and if necessary, we ask the havenmeester for the strobelights on - What other threats do you see ? (if flying with other rated pilot or instructor) MISCELLANEOUS - Passengers, please stay silent until I give a sign, somewhere after leaving the circuit The same briefing structure can be used for the approach briefing with the following suggested items: PLAN - Landing runway and pattern - Wind direction - How to approach the field - Available fuel - Type of landing (normal, short field, flapless, touch and go) - Where to leave the runway and where to go next THREATS - Brief any threats (see examples in matrix above) THREAT MANAGEMENT - Brief what you can do to mitigate the mentioned threats MISCELLANEOUS - E.g. pax briefing (e.g. request to remain silent) An example of an arrival briefing is: PLAN - Landing runway 25 left hand pattern - Wind 230/10 - I approach the field by flying around St.Maartensdijk while descending to 700 ft and aim to arrive perpendicular to the downwind track. - Available fuel is 1/4 tank so we have to land within 30 minutes - For practice I make a flapless landing so downwind/base/final speeds are X/Y/Z kts. PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 13 - After landing we leave the runway on the lefthand side and stop to do the after landing checklist, then we taxi to the fuel pump THREATS AND THREAT MANAGEMENT - Gliders active so in case of go around, we stay clear of the right side of the runway - Grass is still wet so careful on the brakes to prevent slipping - What other threats do you see ? (if flying with other rated pilot or instructor) MISCELLANEOUS - Passengers, please stay silent from now on, until we have stopped after landing PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 14 Radio telephony examples Before departing : EHTE PH-ABC : Teuge radio, PH-ABC" EHTE : "PH-ABC, Teuge radio" PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, DV20, parked on the apron, local training flight, 2 pob.” EHTE : "PH-ABC, Runway 26, left hand circuit." PH-ABC : "Runway 26, lefthand circuit, PH-ABC." PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, Lining up runway 26." PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, leaving the circuit." PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, Changing frequency to Dutch Mil info.” *Note: For EHHV only radio check required since a visit to ‘havendienst’ is mandatory. Initial call Dutch Mil Info/Amsterdam information: (132.350, 124.300) PH-ABC : "Dutch Mil Info/ Amsterdam information, PH-ABC” (overhead .... " for Dutch Mil only, source: AIP) Dutch Mil Info : "PH-ABC, Dutch Mil Info” PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, DV20, position) at (ALT), VFR EHHV-EHHV, Training Flight, 2 POB" Dutch Mil Info : "PH-ABC, QNH 1020 no reported traffic at (ALT)” PH-ABC : "QNH 1020, PH-ABC" Initial call tower controlled airport: PH-ABC : “Eelde tower PH-ABC " EHGG TOWER : "PH-ABC Eelde Tower" PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, DV 20 at Position (Assen) Alt (1500ft) VFR, information A (ATIS), for landing EHGG TOWER : "PH-ABC Romeo (name) arrival, runway 23, QNH 1020. PH-ABC : "Romeo Arrival, Rwy 23, QNH 1020 PH-ABC" Arrival at EHHV PH-ABC : "Hilversum radio, PH-ABC" EHHV : "PH-ABC, Hilversum radio" PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, DV-20 at Position ..... Alt…..Request aerodrome information" EHHV : "PH-ABC, Runway 25, left hand circuit. (Gilders.... Para's….)" PH-ABC : "Runway 25, lefthand circuit PH-ABC." PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, Entering downwind runway 25" PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, Turning base” (not required) PH-ABC : "PH-ABC, Final Runway 25 (full stop) (touch and go)" Changing Frequency from Ams Information/ Dutch Mill Info to Hilversum Radio PH-ABC : “PH-ABC, overhead … changing frequency to Hilversum radio” Dutch Mil : “PH-ABC, Roger“ Changing Frequency from Dutch Mil to Amsterdam information (FIC) PH-ABC : “PH-ABC, overhead … changing frequency to Amsterdam Information” Dutch Mil : “PH-ABC, Roger“ PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 15 Cockpit layout What is where? 1. Turnindicator 2. Top: speed indicator, below: VOR 3. Left: Garmin G5, right: altimeter 4. Left: Garmin G5, right: vertical speed indicator 5. Electronic switches 6. Top: radio, below: transponder, above intercom control panel 7. Left: HOBBS-meter, right: VUT-meter 8. Left: ignition, right: flaps and flap position indicator 9. Left t. to b., manifold pressure, oil temp, AMP, right t. to b. coolant fluid temp, oil press, fuel quantity. 10. Above ELT, below RPM 11. Heating, choke, parking brake 12. Above: left to right, carburetor heat, throttle, propeller speed control lever; below: trim PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 16 General information Speeds Vspeeds PH-MFT PH-SKM Stall speed flaps up VS1 43 kts 43 kts Stall speed flaps down VSO 38 kts 38 kts Maneuver speed VA 104 kts 104 kts Max speed flaps extended: VFE 81 kts 81 kts Never exceed speed VNE 161 kts 161 kts Max structural cruising speed VNO 117 kts 117 kts Best rate of climb VY 70 kts 70 kts Best rate of climb (flaps T/O) VY (T/O) 65 kts 65 kts Best angle of climb (flaps T/O) VX (T/O) 58 kts 58 kts Max demonstrated cross wind -- 15 kts 15 kts Best glide speed (flaps UP) -- 70 kts 70 kts Best glide speed (flaps T/O) -- 64 kts 64 kts Weights PH-MFT PH-SKM Empty weight 511 Kg 495 Kg Max fuel in kg 58 Kg 58 Kg Max fuel in liters 79 L 79 L Max baggage 20 Kg 20 Kg Max T/O 730 Kg 730 Kg Average fuel usage PH-MFT PH-SKM Tank capacity (usable) (L) 77 77 Tank capacity (unusable) (L) 2 2 2300 RPM 25.7” 75% (2000 ft) (L / Hr) ±15,3 ±15,3 2400 RPM 26.7” 85% (2000 ft) (L / Hr) ±18,7 ±18,7 2400 RPM 27.7” 95% (2000 ft) (L / Hr) ±22,3 ±22,3 G loads Maximum G-load - flaps up normal category -2,2G +4,4G Maximum G-load - flaps extended normal category 0,0G +2,0G For Mass & Balance and other calculations, always use the approved AFM. Mass and Balance check the ACHA website for the latest information. PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 17 Powersetting / configuration versus speed table throttle(MP) RPM flaps speed Climb full throttle PSCL* full fwd TO 65 kts Climb full throttle 2400 UP 70 kts Cruise ±25” 2400 UP 90 kts Descent ±18” 2400 UP 90 kts Circuit ±21” 2400 UP 75 kts Circuit ±24” 2400 TO 70 kts Base ±15” 2400 TO 70 kts Final as required PSCL full fwd LDG 60 kts * Note: PSCL = Propellor Speed Control Lever PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 18 Normal procedures Taxiing with different wind directions Figure 1 - Taxiing with different wind directions. (taxiing diagram) Instruments/brakes check during taxiing When commencing taxiing at the beginning of a flight, the brakes and proper functioning of the slip indicator, heading/track indicator (G5), attitude indicator (G5) and compass shall be checked and called out loud. Reporting of other airplanes During the scanflow (lookout) you may see other airplane traffic. Report this directly by saying: “Traffic, 10 o’ clock, above the horizon”. Use the clock method combined with above, below or on the horizon. Figure 2 - Clock method “Traffic, 9 O’clock, just above the horizon” PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 19 Structured scanflow – Scanflow for level flight (side-to-side scanning method) – Scan in sectors (figure 3a and 3b) – Check nose attitude – Short inside checks (altitude, speed and slip indicator) – Approx. every 15 min, engine instruments and fuel quantity Side to side scanning method Start at the far left of your visual area and make a methodical sweep to the right, pausing very briefly in each block of the viewing area to focus your eyes. At the end of the scan, return to and scan the instrument panel and then repeat the external scan. Figure 3a - Structured scanflow side to side lookout. Front to side scanning method Start in the center block of your visual field (center of front windshield); move to the left, focusing very briefly in each block, then swing quickly back to the center block after reaching the last block on the left and repeat the action to the right. Then, after scanning the instrument panel, repeat the external scan. Figure 3b - Structured scanflow front to side lookout PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 20 Clearing turns before maneuvers with reduced controlability – Check: ü Engine instruments ü Take a point in the distance (PITD) – First make a left turn: ü Check right for traffic above ü Check in front for other traffic ü Check left for other traffic below – Roll out: ü Check left, front and right for other traffic – Make a subsequent right turn: ü Check left for other traffic above ü Check in front for other ü Check right for other traffic below – Roll out: ü Check left, front and right for other traffic – Keep scanning and regularly check: ü Nose attitude ü Altitude (constant) ü Speed (90 kts) ü Coordinated flight (ball centered, wings horizontal) – Proceed with planned maneuver Figure 4 - Clearing Turns PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 21 Straight and level flight – Look out for traffic – Set nose in position for straight and level flight (nose is about 5 fingers below the horizon) – Maintain wings level – Keep direction with rudder (ball centered) – Power setting 25”, 2400 RPM, speed 90 kts – Trim off forces Figure 3b – Straight and level flight PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 22 Transition from straight and level to climb (1) Check engine instruments (and thereafter every 1000 ft) (2) Look out for traffic (3) Raise nose to climb attitude (cowling against horizon) (4) Speed reduces (5) Speed almost 70 kts, 2400 RPM, smoothly advance throttle FULL (6) Wings level, coordinated rudder, PITD (point in the distance) (7) Trim off forces (8) Perform clearing turns every 500 ft (15° bank, 30° left and right of course) or lower nose for lookout Figure 5 - Transition to climb. Transition from climb to straight and level (1) Look out for traffic (2) 20ft before desired altitude slowly lower nose to straight and level attitude with 100 kts (3) Allow airspeed to increase to 90 kts (4) Reduce power setting to 25”, 2400 RPM (throttle first, then RPM) (5) Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD (6) Trim off forces Figure 6 - Transition climb to S&L. ❽ ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ A – A#tude P – Power T – Trim ❶ ❷ A – A#tude P – Power T – Trim ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 23 Transition straight and level flight to descend (1) Check engine instruments (and thereafter every 1000 ft) (2) Carburetor heat ON (3) Look out for traffic (4) Reduce power setting to 18”, 2400 RPM (every inch MP less is ±100 ft/min extra descend rate) and; (5) Simultaneously lower nose to descend attitude, maintain 90 kts (6) Wings level, coordinated rudder, ball centered), PITD (7) Trim off forces Figure 7 - Transition to descend. Transition from descent to straight and level flight (1) Look out for traffic (2) 100ft before desired altitude – carburetor heat OFF (3) 50ft before desired altitude – increase power setting to 25”, 2400 RPM (4) Set nose attitude for straight and level flight (5) Maintain speed 90 kts (6) Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD (7) Trim off forces Figure 8 - Level off from descent. ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ P – Power A – A#tude T – Trim ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ P – Power A – A#tude T – Trim PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 24 Transition from straight and level to glide (1) Check engine instruments (and thereafter every 1000 ft) (2) Carburetor heat ON (3) Look out for traffic (4) Smoothly retard throttle to idle, coordinated rudder, PITD (5) Maintain altitude, slowly increase pitch attitude (6) Speed nearly 70 kts, lower nose to glide attitude, maintain 70 kts (7) Wings level, coordinated rudder, PITD (8) Trim off forces Figure 9 - Establishing a glide. Clearing the engine during a glide (1) Check engine instruments (2) Look out for traffic (3) Smoothly advance throttle FULL, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD TEKST CF AFM (4) Simultaneously put nose in climb attitude, maintain speed 70 kts (5) After 3-5 sec smoothly retard throttle to idle, coordinated with rudder, PITD, simultaneously lower nose to glide attitude (6) Continue with glide Figure 10 - Clearing the engine during a glide. ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ ❽ P – Power A – A#tude T – Trim ❺ ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❻ PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 25 Transition from glide to straight and level flight (1) Look out for traffic (2) 150ft before desired altitude, carburetor heat OFF and increase power setting to ±25”, 2400 RPM (3) Maintain glide attitude, speed increases (4) 50ft before desired altitude set nose attitude for straight and level flight (5) Speed 90 kts (6) Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD (7) Trim off forces Figure 11 - Transition from glide to straight and level flight. Level turn (1) Look out for traffic, take a PITD (2) Roll 30° bank angle, coordinated with rudder (ball centered) and; (3) Increase backpressure to maintain level flight (4) Keep looking for traffic in the turn and check: ü Bank angle 30° ü Nose attitude ü Instruments: altimeter, VSI, speed ±95 kts, slip indicator (5) 10° before desired heading (PITD), start to roll wings level, coordinated with rudder (ball centered) and; (6) Decrease backpressure to maintain level flight (7) Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PTID, 90 kts Figure 12 - Level turn. ❶ ❷ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ P – Power A – A#tude T – Trim ❸ PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 26 Climbing turn (1) Look out for traffic (2) Roll into max 15° bank (3) Coordinated with rudder (ball centered) (4) Keep looking for traffic and check: ü Bank angle 15° ü Climbing nose attitude ü Instruments: approaching desired altitude, speed 70 kts, slip indicator (5) 5° before desired heading or PITD, start to roll wings level (6) Coordinated with rudder (ball centered) (7) Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD, 70 kts Figure 13 - Climbing turn. Descending turn (1) Look out for traffic (2) Roll into 30° bank (3) Coordinated with rudder (ball centered) (4) Keep looking for traffic in direction of turn and check: ü bank angle 30° ü Descending nose attitude ü Instruments: approaching desired altitude, speed 90 kts, slip indicator (5) 10° befored desired heading or PITD start to roll wings level (6) Coordinated with rudder (ball centered) (7) Wings level, coordinated with rudder (ball centered), PITD, 90 kts Figure 14 - Descending turn. A – A#tude P – Power T – Trim ❶ ❸ ❺ ❻ ❼ ❷ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❶ ❸ ❺ ❻ ❼ ❷ ❹ ❹ P – Power A – A#tude T – Trim ❹ PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 27 Steep turn (45°) NOTE: Minimum altitude for this exercise is 2000 ft AGL Solo (1) Check engine instruments (2) Look out for traffic, take a PITD (3) Roll into 45° bank angle, coordinated with rudder (ball centered) (4) Passing 30° bank angle, increase power setting by 2” and; (5) Increase backpressure to maintain level flight (6) Keep looking for traffic in the turn and check: ü Bank angle 45° ü Nose attitude ü Instruments: altimeter, VSI, speed 90 kts, slip indicator (7) 20° before desired heading or PITD start rolling wings level, coordinated with rudder (ball centered) (8) Passing 30° bank angle, decrease power setting by 2” and; (9) Decrease backpressure to maintain level flight (10) Wings level, coordinated with rudder (ball centered), PITD, 90 kts Figure 15a - Steep turn. Figure 15b – Steep turn – Pilot View PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 28 Slow flight NOTE: Minimum altitude for this exercise is 2000 ft AGL Solo Slow flight can be performed with flaps up or with flaps down, with speed VS+10. Communicate before the exercise which variant you are to perform. – Check engine instruments, carburator heat ON, electric fuel pump on – Look out for traffic – Reduce power setting to 12-15” – Propeller control speed lever MAX RPM – Maintain altitude, nose attitude increases, speed reduces – When using flaps: as soon as speed is in white arc, call out: “Speed checked”, select flaps T/O, then call out: “Speed checked” select flaps LDG (watch out for ballooning) – Speed approaches VS+10 kts, increase power setting to 22-24" – Respect the stall warning: increase speed enough to stop stall warning if warning comes on – Wings level, coordinated with rudder, VS+10 kts – Trim off forces – Keep looking for traffic and check: ü Nose attitude, altitude, speed ü PITD, coordinated with rudder (ball centered) ü Speed VS+10 kts PH-MFT PH-SKM stall speed flaps up 43 kts 43 kts stall speed flaps takeoff 39 kts 39 kts stall speed flaps landing 38 kts 38 kts Accelerate to 90 kts – Smoothly advance throttle to FULL – Carburetor heat OFF – Wings level, coordinated with rudder (ball centered), PITD – Decrease nose attitude with increasing speed, maintain altitude – When using flaps: call out: “Speed checked”, select flaps up in stages before reaching 81 kts (watch out for sink) – Speed 90 kts – Reduce power setting to ±25”, set 2400 RPM, electric fuel pump off – Trim off forces PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 29 Air exercises The stall Planning, crewbriefing and checks before stall The main purpose of the stall exercise is to teach the student to recognize the symptoms of an approaching stall so as to avoid getting into a stall. The second goal is to, in the event that an actual stall occurs, be able to recover the airplane to normal flight. Because the airplane has limited maneuverability during this exercise, extra precautions have to be taken before starting the exercise. NOTE: Make a plan first to ensure a safe execution of the maneuver. NOTE: Priority shall be given to recovery from the stall (breaking the stall) and not height loss! Crewbriefing: – Type of stall – Altitude and heading/course during the maneuver – When the recovery starts and in what manner Inside checks: ü Electric fuel pump ................................................ : ON ü Landing light.......................................................... : ON ü Ignition switch ...................................................... : BOTH ü Fuel selector ......................................................... : ON ü Power setting/prop speed control lever ................ : ±25”/2400 RPM ü Flaps ..................................................................... : UP ü Engine instruments .............................................. : TEMP AND PRESSURES IN THE GREEN ü Speed.................................................................... : 90 kts ü Belts, loose items .................................................. : FASTENED/STOWED Outside checks – APOS Altitude: – Full stall: recovered above 3000ft solo or 2000ft dual – Approach to stall: recovered above 2000ft solo or 1500ft dual Position not above: – Open water (because lack of horizon) – Cities or industrial areas – Airports or CTR’s – Other traffic – Open air assembly’s of people – 4/8 cloud cover or more PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 30 Orientation: – Keep track of position and airspace – Do not fly in direction of above mentioned points – Take a PITD or significant line Sky clearing turns: – Clearing turns 2 x 90° or – Clearing turn 180° (take a new PITD) Checks after the stall ü Electric fuel pump ................................................ : OFF ü Landing light.......................................................... : AS REQUIRED ü Flaps ..................................................................... : UP ü Carburetor heat ..................................................... : OFF ü Power setting/prop speed control lever ................ : 25”/2400 RPM ü Engine instruments .............................................. : TEMP AND PRESSURES IN THE GREEN ü Oriëntation ........................................................... : CHECK PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 31 Stall with flaps up – Clearly state “starting the exercise” – Carburetor heat ON. – Smoothly retard throttle to idle – Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD – Propeller speed control lever MAX RPM – Nose attitude increases with decreasing airspeed, maintain altitude, don’t trim off forces – Wings level, maintain heading with rudder, PITD § Start recovery in case of full stall on: ü Nose dip (self recovery) ü Wing dip (initially with rudder, after the nose is lowered and stall is recovered use ailerons) ü High descent rate with full aft elevator, whichever comes first § Start recovery in case of approach to stall: ü Stall warning ü Buffet ü 5 kts above stall speed, whichever comes first Recovery with power – Call out “recover” and: – For full stall, lower nose to glide attitude – For approach to stall lower nose just below straight and level attitude – Smoothly advance throttle FULL, carburetor heat OFF – At minimum 60 kts, gently raise nose to climb attitude(avoid a secondary stall) – Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD – Adjust nose attitude for correct climb attitude with speed 70 kts – Climb back to initial altitude and transition to straight and level flight Recovery without power – Call out “recover” and lower nose to position lower than glide attitude – Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD – Adjust nose attitude to attitude for glide, 70 kts – Trim of forces – Transition to straight and level flight at desired altitude (see transition to straight and level from glide) PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 32 Stall with flaps down – Clearly state “starting the exercise” – Carburetor heat ON – Smoothly retard throttle to idle – Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD – Prop speed control lever MAX RPM – Nose attitude increases with decreasing airspeed, maintain altitude, don’t trim of forces – Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD – As soon as speed is in white arc is, call out: “Speed checked”, select flaps T/O, then call out: “Speed checked”, Flaps LDG – Watch out for ballooning, maintain altitude § Start recovery in case off full stall: ü Nose dip (self recovery) ü Wing dip (initially with rudder, after the nose is lowered and stall is recovered use ailerons) ü High descent rate with full aft elevator, whichever comes first § Start recovery in case off approach to stall: ü Stall warning ü Buffet ü 5 kts above stall speed whichever comes first Recovery with power stall with flaps – Call out “recover” and: – For full stall, lower nose to glide attitude – For approach to stall lower nose just below straight and level attitude – Smoothly advance throttle FULL, carburetor heat OFF – At minimum 60 kts, gently raise nose to climb attitude (avoid a secondary stall) – Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD – Call out: “Speed checked”, select flaps T/O – Adjust nose attitude for correct climb attitude flight with 65 kts – Call out: “Speed checked”, select flaps UP, speed 70 kts – Climb back to initial altitude and transition to straight and level flight PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 33 Approach to stall in descending turn in approach or landing configuration – Call out “starting the exercise” – Carburetor heat ON – Reduce power setting to 15“ – Wings level, coordinated rudder (ball centered), PITD – Nose attitude increases with decreasing airspeed, maintain altitude, don’t trim of forces – Speed in white arc, call out: “Speed checked”, select flaps in stages to approach or landing – Start a descending turn with 20° bank angle – Retard throttle to idle and slowly raise the nose § Start recovery on: ü Stall warning ü Buffet ü 5 kts above stall speed with flaps, whichever comes first Recovery with power from approach to stall during descending turn – Call out “Recover” and: – Unload: break angle of attack – Roll (coordinated with rudder) wings level – Start the go-around procedure: – Power: Smoothly advance throttle FULL – Immediately check or select flaps approach – Safe speed, minimum 55 kts, set nose just below normal climb attitude – Check positive rate, call out: “Speed checked” and at minimum speed 60kts select flaps up – Accelerate to Vy and climb to safe level or continue straight and level flight and accelerate to 90 kts Approach to stall in climbing turn without flaps – Clearly state “starting the exercise” – Start a climbing turn with 15° bank angle – Raise the nose attitude so as to decelerate the speed, maintain 15° bank angle § Start recovery on: ü Stall warning ü Buffet ü 5 kts above the stall speed without flaps, whichever comes first Recovery with power approach to stall in climbing turn – Call out “Recover” and: – Unload: break angle of attack – Roll (coordinated with rudder) wings level – Accelerate to 90 kts PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 34 Approach to stall in climbing turn with flaps in approach configuration – Clearly state “starting the exercise” – Bring the aircraft in approach or landing configuration in level flight, Airspeed in white arc, call out: “Speed checked” and select flaps to approach – Start a climbing turn with 15° bank angle – Reduce power to 15“ – Raise the nose attitude to decelerate speed, maintain 15° bank angle – Start recovery on: • Stall warning • Buffet • 5 kts above the stall speed without flaps (whichever comes first) Recovery from approach to stall in climbing turn in approach configuration – Call out “recover” and: – Unload: break angle of attack – Roll (coordinated with rudder) wings level – Power: Smoothly advance throttle FULL – Immediately check or select flaps approach – Safe speed, minimum 55 kts, set nose just below normal climb attitude – Check positive rate, call out: “Speed checked” and at minimum speed 60kts select flaps up – Accelerate to Vy and climb to assigned level or continue straight and level flight, accelerate to 90 kts PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 35 Circuit procedures VFR circuit With regard to safe, orderly and expeditious aerodrome traffic at uncontrolled aerodromes, rules are laid down for the standard aerodrome traffic circuit and circuit areas. Standard circuit The standard circuit looks like this: Figure 16 - The standard circuit area. – With every takeoff and landing runway there is a circuit area. The traffic circuit as depicted above, is inside the circuit area. The aerodrome circuit area is established for each runway. The lateral dimensions are also dependent on the local circumstances. The standard aerodrome traffic circuit as depicted above is situated within the aerodrome circuit area. The vertical dimensions extend from aerodrome level up to 1000 ft AAL. The traffic circuit is flown at 700 ft AAL. – Before executing the joining of the aerodrome traffic circuit, pilots have to take notice of the signals displayed in the signal area or of the information given by radio. Overflying the circuit area for observing the signal area shall be done at a height of at least 1000 FT A A L . – Within the aerodrome traffic circuit it is not allowed to overtake other aircraft. – Other arial acitivity’s may take place above this altitude. Climbing or descending to cruising level must take place outside the lateral limits of the aerodrome circuit area. – The joining of the standard aerodrome traffic circuit shall take place half-way downwind leg at an interception angle of 90° (the right of way rules when joining the circuit and if somebody is on downwind already, the best way of acting can be flying 360° for spacing in direction of downwind) . – Leaving of the aerodrome traffic circuit shall take place at an angle of 45° half-way crosswind leg unless local circumstances force to establish an other route which will be promulgated separately. – At those aerodromes where gliding activities take place, special procedures may be in place to reduce the risk of collision with winching cables. § Reference AIP, AIS-NETHERLANDS.NL. ENR 1.2 - 8 CIRCUIT PROCEDURES FOR AERODROME TRAFFIC NOTE: If there is no ATC or radio online you can overfly the airport and determine which runway is in use from the signal area, do this at a minimum of 1000 ft AAL. However, the local situation might dictate otherwise, e.g., at Hilversum due to gliders or para’s PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 36 Takeoff procedures Normal takeoff NOTE: Hard surface, long runway, flaps UP Short runway (<800m) or soft surface: flaps T/O – Before entering the runway, ensure base, final and the runway are clear – Line-up checks before or passing the hold short line or entering the runway: ü Check correct runway ü Flaps checked – Line up with centerline (check compass or heading indicator/G5) – Check windsock, stick in the wind – PITD (end of runway) – Heels on the floor, feet off brakes – Smoothly advance throttle FULL, control direction with rudder pedals – Check and call out “engine instruments checked” (2400 RPM ±100 RPM) and “airspeed ‘alive” – Reduce aileron input with increasing airspeed, keep wings level – Rotate at 51 kts, wings level, nose against horizon – If needed, establish a drift correction angle and stay above the (extended) centerline – Allow the airspeed to increase to 65 kts – Take a new PITD when the runway end disappears under the nose – At minimum 200ft select flaps UP, speed 65 when staying in circuit, 70 kts when leaving the circuit – At minimum 200ft reduce propeller speed to 2400 RPM – Trim off forces – Climb to 700 ft AAL. A climbing turn to crosswind leg is allowed, if necessary to stay within the aerodrome traffic circuit area (Ref. AIP Part 2, 1.2.8.6) – At 700 ft, reduce power setting to ±21”MP, speed 75-70 kts – Trim off forces – WHEN LEAVING THE CIRCUIT ü Exit the pattern as prescribed and resume climb when clear of the circuit area ü Landing light off (if applicable) ü Electric fuel pump off – – WHEN STAYING IN THE CIRCUIT ü Look for traffic and turn to crosswind ü Proceed with the CIRCUIT AND NORMAL LANDING PROCEDURE PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 37 Soft or rough field takeoff (1) Flaps T/O (2) Keep stick full aft during taxi (3) Make a rolling takeoff, stick full aft (4) As airspeed increase, nose rises off ground, stick moves forward to keep nosewheel just off the ground (5) The airplane flies itself off the ground in a slightly tail-low attitude (6) Accelerate in groundeffect (7) 60 kts, gently raise nose to climb attitude (8) Accelerate to 65 kts Vy (9) Continue as normal takeoff Figure 17 - Soft or Rough field takeoff. Obstacle clearance takeoff (short field takeoff) If for safety reason a ‘obstacle clearence takeoff” is required, consider all safety aspects: engine failure, loss of power, ability to see other traffic, etc. if all aspects are considered, and a decision is made to perform a obstacle clearance takeoff, proceed as below. (1) Flaps T/O (2) Hold brakes, advance throttle FULL, check engine instruments in the green. (3) Release brakes, keep direction with rudder pedals (4) Rotate at 57 kts (5) Climb with 58 kts Vx (6) When free off all obstacles: lower nose attitude and accelerate to 65 kts Vy (7) Continue as normal takeoff Figure 18 - Obstacle clearance takeoff PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 38 Enroute procedures Enroute climb ü Airspeed .................................................................... BEST RATE(Vy) or HIGHER ü Throttle ............................................................................................... FULL OPEN ü Propeller speed control lever................................................................. 2400 RPM Cruise ü throttle ........................................................................................... AS REQUIRED ü Propeller speed control lever........................................................ 1900-2400 RPM Approach ü Altimeter ................................................................................................. SET QNH ü Electrical fuel pump ........................................................................................... ON ü Landing light ..................................................................................................... ON ü Ignition switch ............................................................................................... BOTH ü Brakes/belts/loose objects................................CHECKED/FASTENED/STOWED Downwind (70 kts) ü Carburetor heat ................................................................................................. ON ü Flaps.................................................. Call out: “Speed checked” (max 81 kts) T/O ü Engine instruments / fuel quantity ........................................................CHECKED Only select flaps when speed is below 81 kts NOTE: DOWNWIND checks may be done after the APPROACH checks before joining the actual downwind or on the beginning of downwind when remaining in the circuit after takeoff / Touch & Go / Go-around. PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 39 Landing procedures Circuit and normal landing Entering the circuit or remaining in the circuit after Takeoff, Touch&Go or Go-around (1) At 700ft throttle to ±21”MP, speed 70 kts (2) Look for traffic, turn downwind or look for joining traffic when staying in the circuit (3) On downwind continuously check ‘HARS’: ü Hoogte (altitude) ü Afstand tot de baan (offset to runway) ü Richting parallel aan de baan (direction parallel to runway) ü Snelheid 70 kts (speed 70 kts) (4) If joining the circuit accomplish the before joining circuit check and downwind check before joining, if staying in the circuit: Only DOWNWIND CHECK ü Carburetor heat ................................................................................................ ON ü Flaps....................................... Call out: “Speed checked” (speed max 81 kts) T/O Immediately advance throttle to ±24”MP to maintain speed 70 kts ü Engine instruments / fuel quantity. ............................... CHECKED / SUFFICIENT Only select flaps when speed is below 81 kts (5) Threshold 45-60° behind the wing (6) Simultaneously reduce throttle to 15”MP (initial setting, make adjustments as necesarry), adjust pitch to maintain 70 kts and turn to baseleg with 15°-20° bank angle (max 30°) (7) Approximately at 500ft and 20° before the extented centerline, turn final with 15° bank angle (max 20°) (8) Roll out on centerline, established at 300ft (9) FINAL CHECK: ü Flaps..................................................................... Call out: “Speed checked” LDG ü Propellers speed control lever ............................................................... MAX RPM Maintain minimum approach speed 60 kts (10) Look for traffic (see normal landing) NOTE: Normal minimum speed over the threshold is 60 kts, corrections up to -5 to +15 kts may be made to account for runway conditions or wind, turbulent weather, windshear. Be aware that landing distance changes for different speeds! PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 40 Figure 19 - the standard circuit (hard surface). Normal landing (1) Position the aircraft on a ±3° glidepath and aim just before the threshold (2) As the aircraft gets closer to the runway, shift eyesight to the end off the runway (3) After passing the threshold reduce vertical speed (round out) (4) Establish level flight about 1m above the runway and simultaneously retard throttle to idle (5) Use ailerons to maintain wings level and rudder to keep longitudinal axis aligned with the centerline (6) As airspeed reduces, increase nose attitude to maintain altitude (flare) (7) Land the airplane on the main gear (8) Aileron into the wind to keep the wings level (9) Keep control stick in position where the airplane touched down, due to reducing speed the nosewheel will land itself (10) Gentle braking if necessary (11) Stop the airplane when clear off the runway and perform the after landing checklist Figure 20 - The normal landing. PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 41 NOTE: Do not brake excessively in order to exit the runway sooner, this may lead to blown tires! Flaps up landing Fly a standard circuit (see circuit), with the exception that no flaps will be selected When turning baseleg reduce throttle to 15” The speeds respectively are: ü Downwind: ...................................................... 70 kts ü Base: .............................................................. 70 kts ü Final:............................................................... 70 kts Execute a normal landing except: Nose attitude is higher than normal landing Aim for the landing spot Close throttle gently when approaching flare altitude and use only a very shallow roundout Take into acount that due to the flapless condition: • The airplane responds more directly to control inputs • The airplane has a tendency to float. • More runway length is needed NOTE: Approach speed is 70 kts, a higher approach speed should be selected to account for wind, turbulent weather or windshear conditions. Take into account increased landing distance! Soft field landing A soft surface runway has more friction compared to a hard surface runway. When the main gear touches, the airplane has the tendency to slow down immediately and for the nosegear to lower to the ground. Try and keep the nosegear off as long as possible – Fly a standard circuit and normal final – Maximize the flare and after landing maintain full back pressure on the control stick – After landing and during taxi, keep the control stick fully aft. (1) Position the aircraft on a ±3° glidepath and aim just before the threshold (2) As the aircraft gets closer to the runway, shift eyesight to the end off the runway (3) After passing the threshold reduce vertical speed (round out) (4) Establish level flight about 1m above the runway and simultaneously close the throttle (5) Use ailerons to maintain wings level and rudder to keep longitudinal axis aligned with the centerline (6) As airspeed reduces, increase nose attitude to maintain altitude (flare) (7) Land the airplane on the main gear (8) Aileron into the wind to keep wings level (9) Increase back pressure on the control stick to keep the nosegear off the ground as long as possible (10) Only brake when required by field length (11) Keep rolling until a harder surface is reached. PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 42 Figure 21 - The soft field landing. Short field landing/precautionary landing – Fly a standard circuit – After turning final select full flaps – Maintain an approx. 3° glidepath and aim slightly in front of the threshold – Nose attitude to maintain 55 kts, Throttle to maintain glidepath – Make a normal landing – After the nosewheel has touched down, flaps UP and brake carefully NOTE: Normal minimum speed over the threshold is 55 kts, corrections up to -5 to +15 kts may be made to account for runway conditions or wind, turbulent weather, windshear . Be aware that landing distance changes for different speeds! Go-around, balked landing There is always a possibility that the runway is not clear or that you are not stabilized on final. In such a case, it is good airmanship to discontinue the landing attempt. A good option is to perform a Go around. The procedure is the same for hard and soft surface runways. – Call out: “Go around” – Propeller speed control lever MAX RPM, throttle FULL, carburetor heat OFF – Call out: “Speed checked”, Flaps T/O – Raise nose to climb attitude for speed 58 kts (Vx) – When clear off obstacles accelerate to 65 kts (Vy) – If necessary to keep other traffic in sight, a turn to the dead side of the runway should keep you clear of other circuit traffic. However, the local situation might dictate otherwise e.g. at Hilversum due to gliders or para’s. Choose the safest course of action. – Continue as normal Takeoff PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 43 Touch and go On final include in R/T call your intention for touch and go. After performing a landing including touch down of the nosewheel, perform the following: – Maintain direction – Set Flaps – Set Flaps T/O on grass – Set Flaps UP on paved runway (considering distance available) – In case of Flapless landing, maintain Flaps UP – Set Full pwr while setting carburetor heat OFF (when remaining distance is marginal, set full power first before above steps) – Continue according normal takeoff procedure During the go around it may happen that other traffic is obscured by the airplane wings and disappeares from view. Try to avoid this! Circuit with low ceilings/visibility weather – Always remain clear of clouds – Adjust traffic circuit altitude if necessary – Maintain enough ground visibility – Don’t fly a wide pattern, do not lose sight of the runway – Check direction of flight with heading indicator – Don’t continue into marginal VFR weather Circuit with turbulent weather – Fly a standard pattern as much as possible (see circuit) – Try and maintain normal altitudes and speed without trying to hard to hold on – Consider a reduced flaps setting (UP or TO) because of greater controllability (see flaps up Landing) – Consider to increase speed above normal speed on base and final PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 44 Crosswind techniques – The maximum demonstrated crosswind component is 15 kts. During takeoff: – Control stick into the wind (maximum deflection) – With increasing speed reduce control stick input to maintain wings level – Maintain directional control with rudder( aircraft has a tendency to weathervane, so with wind from left nose wants to turn left, with wind from the right, nose wants to turn right). Rotate at a slightly higher airspeed than normal, this ensures a positive lift off and minimizes the risk of settling back on the runway. After takeoff: – After rotation reduce rudder input while simultaneously reducing stick input to normal. Airplane should self- establish correct drift angle. Make small adjustments if necessary. During the circuit: – Establish drift angle so as to correctly fly the circuit over the ground. During the landing: – After throttle to idle / during the roundout and flare, align the longitudonal axis with the runway centerline with rudder – Simultaneously put aileron into the wind to counteract any tendency to drift to the side – Keep looking towards the end of the runway – Make small corrections with the rudder to keep the longitudonal axis aligned – Make small corrections with the ailerons to keep the airplane above the centerline – Flare normally – The main gear on the upwind side touches first, then the other main gear and the nose gear last – With a strong crosswind it may be advisable to execute a flapless landing Figure 23 – Crosswind PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 45 Abnormal procedures First and foremost: maintain airplane control, fly the airplane!!! Rejected takeoff NOTE: Execute a rejected takeoff if a situation arises before rotation that makes a continued takeoff unsafe or impossible – Call out “abort” or “stop” – Retard throttle to idle, use rudder pedals to stay on the centerline – If required, use brakes cautiously – Report situation over radio and state intentions – Engine failure after takeoff (EFATO) The goal of the simulated engine failure after takeoff is to prepare the student for a real engine failure after takeoff. The simulated engine failure is initiated by the instructor by closing the throttle and calling out “simulated engine failure”. React promptly and correctly, the procedures should be done quickly. However the AFM starts with a decision wether the engine has insufficient power or there is an engine failure. The procedure for insufficient power is written first. The focus will be on the procedure for an engine failure, since this procedure might be more time critical. If it is a simulated exercise don’t turn anything off! Point to switches and controls (touch-drill only!) – Immediately lower nose to glide attitude, 59 kts with flaps T/O, or 70 kts with flaps UP – Choose a suitable landing site 30° left / right from the nose – Use minimum bank angle to avoid obstacles Insufficient engine power ü Throttle ................................................................. FULL ü Carburetor heat ..................................................... OFF ü Choke ..................................................................... OFF ü Fuel shut-off valve ............................................... OPEN ü Ignition switch ..................................................... BOTH ü Electrical Fuel pump ................................................. ON ü Prop speed control lever ............................... MAX RPM Engine failure – If possible do a short failure check: ü Carburetor heat ......................................................... ON ü Electrical Fuel pump .................................................. ON ü Ignition switch ...................................................... BOTH ü Prop speed control lever ................................ MAX RPM PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 46 – Accomplish an emergency landing without power using (full) flaps, if required ü Airspeed (Flaps as rquired)……………….……………59kts ü Fuel shut-off valve………………………………..…..CLOSE ü Ignition switch……………………………………………..OFF ü Master Switch……………………………………………..OFF – The instructor will end the exercise with the call out “GO AROUND”. – Engine failure during flight The simulated engine failure is initiated by the instructor by retarding the throttle to idle and stating “simulated engine failure”. If it is an exercise, don’t turn anything off! Point to the switches and controls(touch-drill only!) – Maintain altitude until speed has reduced to 70 kts (see figure 25, best glide speed) – Lower nose attitude to position for glide, maintain 70 kts – Trim of forces – Check wind direction – Make a plan and depending on altitude and position fly direct to downwind, base or final > 1500ft downwind with 1000ft point < 1500ft direct base < 700ft direct final Accomplish failure drill ü Airspeed ...................................................... 70 KTS ü Throttle ........................................................... FULL ü Carburetor heat ................................................... ON ü Choke ............................................................... OFF ü Fuel shut-off valve ......................................... OPEN ü Ignition switch ................................................. BOTH ü Electric fuel pump ............................................... ON ü Propeller speed control lever................... MAX RPM Choose a suitable landing site within range and into the wind In case of downwind procedure pick a 1000 ft point and fly to this point Mayday call, ELT ON manually, Transponder code 7700 Check: – Nose attitude / airspeed 70 kts, forces trimmed off – Coordinated flight (ball centered, required due to loss of left turning tendency) – Route and altitude PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 47 – Threshold 30° behind the wing, turn base – Aim for 1/3 off the landing field – When assured landing can be made 1/3 of the field – call out: “Speed checked”, flaps TO – Plan a full flap landing with 59 kts – After selecting flaps LDG, aim for the threshold – When certain engine is not going to start and flaps LDG are set then perform CRASH DRILL: If it is an exercise, don’t turn anything off! Point to the switches and controls (touch drill only) ü Airspeed ............................................. 59 KTS ü Flaps............. Call out: “Speed checked” LDG ü Fuel shut-off valve ........................... CLOSED ü Ignition switch .......................................... OFF ü Master switch .......................................... OFF ü Belts .................................................... TIGHT – Accomplish a short/soft field landing Figure 24 - Emergency landing without power. PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 48 Figure 25 – Best glide speed Estimated gliding distance The maximum L/D-ratio (L/Dmax) of a Katana is approximately 14, so the glideratio is approximately 14:1 – meaning for every unit down the forward travel is 14 units. the Katana will glide approx. 14.000 feet for every 1.000 feet available altitude. This is a typical value for the katana. Figure 26a - Glide distance (no wind and not to scale) Figure 26b - Glide distance (with wind and not to scale). Precautionary landing The airplane has to be in good technical condition for this procedure, if not, see emergency landing without power. Only fly mentioned altitudes if cloud base and visibilty allow this. PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 49 – BEFORE JOINING THE CIRCUIT CHECK – Descend to 500 ft and turn downwind – Choose a suitable landing site into the wind – PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN call – Position the aircraft on a 500ft downwind, carburetor heat ON, call out: “Speed checked”, Flaps T/O, throttle to ±24”, speed 70 kts – Throttle to 15”, start descend and turn base. – Turn to final and level off at 200ft – Advance throttle to ±24”, speed 70 kts, STOP DESCENT! – Accomplish an inspection run abeam the field and start timing (± 40 m / 135 ft per/sec) and check § Slope § Obstacles § Length (see timing tabel) § Landing site condition § Obstacle free final and takeoff leg – Start a go-around procedure at the end of the field – Climb back to circuit altitude – Level off, reduce throttle to ±21”, speed 70-75 kts – Turn crosswind and subsequently downwind – DOWNWIND CHECK: ü Carburetor heat ................................................................................................. ON ü Flaps................................................... Call out: “Speed checked” (max 81 kts)T/O – Immediately increase power setting to ±24”MP to maintain speed 70 kts ü Engine instruments/fuel quantity .......... CHECKED IN THE GREEN/SUFFICIENT – Threshold 45° - 60° behind the wing. (Order CF NORMAL LANDING) – Throttle to ±15” when intercepting the normal glidepath, turn base leg with 15°- 20° bank angle (max 30°), – Approximately 20° before the extended centerline, turn final with 15° bank angle (max 20°) – Roll out on centerline – FINAL CHECK: ü Flaps..................................................................... Call out: “Speed checked” LDG ü Propeller Speed Control Lever .............................................................. MAX RPM – Maintain approach speed 55 kts. Accomplish a short/soft field landing NOTE: Normal minimum speed over the threshold is 55 kts, corrections up to -5 to +15 kts may be made to account for runway conditions or wind, turbulent weather, windshear . Be aware that landing distance changes for different speeds! PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 50 Figure 27a - Precautionary landing. Figure 27b – Precautionary landing – Inspection run, timing and distance table INSPECTION RUN + TIMING Minimal landing distance @500m Ground speed Meters per seconds Timing in seconds 60kts 31 m/s 16 70kts 36 m/s 14 80kts 41 m/s 12 90kts 46 m/s 11 55-60kts PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 51 Important links ACHA Aero Club Hilversum-Amsterdam: § https://vliegclubhilversum.nl/ Vliegveld Hilversum: § http://www.ehhv.nl/ AIS-publicaties: § https://www.lvnl.nl/informatie-voor-luchtvarenden/publicaties-voor-luchtvarenden MILAIP: § https://english.defensie.nl/topics/m/milaip-military-aeronautical-information-publication NOTAMS / Flightplan / § https://www.homebriefing.nl METEO: § https://www.luchtvaartmeteo.nl/ EASA Regulations: § https://www.easa.europa.eu/regulations SKYBRARY § https://skybrary.aero/ PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 52 Notes: PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 53 Appendix Checklist PH-MFT: NORMAL CHECKLIST DV-20 VFR DAY ONLY PH-MFT Perform blue checklist items from memory NORMAL & ABNORMAL CHECKLIST – PH-MFT – V1.7 01112024 1 BEFORE STARTING ENGINE Walk around check and visual Inspection ............. COMPLETED Rudder pedals ........................................ADJUSTED & LOCKED Safety belts................................................................FASTENED Departure/pax briefing ........................................... COMPLETED Canopy (check left and right) ............... CLOSED AND LOCKED Parking brake ................ PULL KNOB, PUSH BRAKES 3 TIMES Fuel shut-off valve ..............................................................OPEN Carburetor heat ......................................................... FREE, OFF Throttle ..................................................................... FREE, IDLE Propeller speed control lever........................... FREE, MAX RPM Friction of throttle quadrant ............................................ ADJUST Avionics master switch ..........................................................OFF Master switch (battery) ........................................................... ON Coolant level light ..................................... ON 3-5 sec. then OFF Generator warning light .......................................................... ON Fuel pressure warning light .................................................... ON Low voltage caution light ........................................................ ON HOBBS & VUT ................................................................ NOTED STARTING ENGINE Electric fuel pump ………… ............. (noise of pump audible) ON Fuel pressure warning light .................................................. OFF Anti Collision Light .................................................................. ON COLD START Throttle ..................................................... IDLE Choke......................................................... ON WARM START Throttle................APPROX. 2 CM FORWARD Choke........................................................OFF Propeller area .................................................................. CLEAR Ignition key ...................................................................... START CAUTION: If oil pressure is below 1.5 bar shut down engine immediately (10 seconds maximum delay) AFTER STARTING ENGINE Throttle ............................................................. 1100 - 1500 RPM Oil pressure ...................... IN GREEN RANGE WITHIN 10 SEC Choke ...................................................................................OFF Engine instruments .................................................... CHECKED Generator warning light ........................................................OFF Low voltage caution light ......................................................OFF Electric fuel pump .................................................................OFF Fuel press warning light…..Might not illuminate (Wait for 10 sec) Electric fuel pump .................................................................. ON Ammeter .................................................................. CHARGING Avionics master switch .......................................................... ON Radio equipment & transponder .......................... ON/SET/STBY Flight instruments ......................................SET AND CHECKED Flaps ........................................ CHECK, EXTEND & RETRACT Parking brake ............................................................. RELEASE DURING TAXIING Brakes ....................................................................... CHECKED Instruments ................................................................ CHECKED CAUTION: warm up engine oil to a temperature of 50°at 1100 – 1500rpm (also possible during taxiing) ENGINE RUNUP/BEFORE TAKE OFF Parking brake ............... PULL KNOB, PUSH BRAKES 3 TIMES Canopy (check left and right) ...............CLOSED AND LOCKED Engine instruments ............................. WITHIN GREEN RANGE Fuel quantity indicator .................................................... CHECK Flaps....................................................................................... T/O Controls .................................................. FREE AND CORRECT Trim ............................................................................ NEUTRAL Throttle ....................................................................... 1700 RPM Propeller speed control lever ..... PULL COMPLETELY 3 TIMES ........................................................ (RPM drop: 100 - 200 RPM) CONTINUED – ENGINE RUNUP/BEFORE TAKE OFF Ignition switch ............. (drop 150 RPM, diff 50 RPM) L/R/BOTH Throttle ...................................................................... 1500 RPM Carburetor heat ............................................. (drop 30 RPM) ON Carburetor heat ................................... (RPM back to 1500) OFF Throttle .........................................FULL for 5 Sec, back to IDLE Throttle ...................................................................... 1000 RPM Electric fuel pump .................................................................. ON Propeller speed control lever ......................................MAX RPM Transponder ......................................................................... ALT Landing light .......................................................AS REQUIRED Take-off briefing ..................................................... COMPLETED Parking brake ............................................................. RELEASE AFTER TAKE-OFF (min 200ft AAL) Flaps ....................................................................................... UP Propeller speed control lever ...................................... 2400 RPM Electric fuel pump ................................. (above 1000ft AAL) OFF CRUISE Throttle ...............................................................AS REQUIRED Propeller speed control lever ............................ 1900-2400 RPM APPROACH Approach briefing .................................................. COMPLETED Altimeter ........................................................................... SET QNH Electric fuel pump ................................................................... ON Landing light ............................................................ AS REQUIRED Ignition switch .................................................................... BOTH Brakes/belts/loose objects .... CHECKED/FASTENED/STOWED DOWNWIND (70 kts) Carburetor heat ...................................................................... ON Flaps .................................................................. (max 81 kts) T/O Engine instruments/fuel quantity ................................ CHECKED FINAL (minimum approach speed 60 kts) Propeller speed control lever ........................................ MAX RPM Flaps....................................................................... AS REQUIRED BALKED LANDING Propeller speed control lever ........................................ MAX RPM Throttle ...............................................................................FULL Carburetor heat ....................................................................... OFF Flaps ..........................................................................................T/O Speed .......................................................................... (VX) 58 KTS AFTER LANDING Throttle ....................................................................................IDLE Flaps ...........................................................................................UP Carburetor heat ....................................................................... OFF Landing light ............................................................................ OFF Transponder ............................................................................ SBY ENGINE SHUT-DOWN Throttle ............................................................................... IDLE Parking brake .............. PULL KNOB, PUSH BRAKES 3 TIMES Electric fuel pump ................................................................. OFF Avionics master switch ........................................................ OFF All electric switches (except ACL) ....................................... OFF Ignition switch ............................................ OFF/KEY REMOVED Anti Collision Light ............................................................... OFF Master switch ....................................................................... OFF HOBBS and VUT ............................................................ NOTED Emergency locator transmitter ...................... NOT TRIGGERED Pitot cover & stall warning plug .................................... INSTALL PROCEDURES KATANA DV20 PROCEDURES-DV20 – EN – VERSIE 1.7 – 01.04.2025 54