M24C FLIGHT MANUAL

Magni M-24 Orion Plus · Pilot's Operating Handbook

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Overview

The M24C Flight Manual is a comprehensive guide for the Magni Gyro M-24 C aircraft, detailing its operation, specifications, and safety procedures. It is essential for pilots to familiarize themselves with the contents to ensure safe and effective flight operations.

The manual is specific to the Magni Gyro M-24 C aircraft.
It includes important operational limits and safety information.
Pilots are responsible for understanding the manual's content.
Units of measure include kilograms, millimeters, feet, and degrees Celsius.
The manual contains a record of amendments for updates.
It features a checklist for pre-flight and operational procedures.
Safety belts are included as part of the safety equipment.
The manual is copyrighted and cannot be reproduced without permission.

Document

Source

Originally published by co.uk. Sprinkle hosts a reference copy with an added summary, specifications and searchable full text.

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Document details

Type: Pilot's Operating Handbook
Year: 2010
File size: 13 MB
Publisher: co.uk
Language: en

About this document

What is the M24C FLIGHT MANUAL?

The M24C FLIGHT MANUAL is a pilot's operating handbook for the Magni M-24 Orion Plus, dated 2010.

Where does the M24C FLIGHT MANUAL come from?

This copy of the M24C FLIGHT MANUAL was originally published by co.uk and is hosted on Sprinkle as a free, searchable reference copy.

What year was the M24C FLIGHT MANUAL published?

The M24C FLIGHT MANUAL — the Magni M-24 Orion Plus pilot's operating handbook on file — is dated 2010.

Documentation completeness

1/7

Most owners only have the POH. Here's the essential set for the Magni M-24 Orion Plus.

Pilot's Operating Handbook / AFM
Checklist
Maintenance Manual
Parts Catalog (IPC)
Systems & Wiring
Service Bulletins on file
Type Certificate (TCDS)

In this document

Introduction

This section covers the purpose of the manual, permitted operations, layout, checklists, and definitions used throughout the document.

General Description and Instructions for Use

This section provides an overview of the gyroplane, its flight characteristics, controls, dimensions, technical data, and cockpit layout.

Operating Limits

This section outlines the minimum crew requirements, power limitations, speed limits, flight maneuver limitations, and center of gravity limitations.

Safety Information

This section emphasizes the importance of safety belts and other safety equipment in the aircraft.

Record of Amendments

This section details the amendments made to the manual and the responsibility of the registered owner to incorporate them.

Units of Measure

This section specifies the units of measure used in the handbook, including weight, length, distance, altitude, airspeed, and temperatures.

Safety notes

It is the responsibility of the pilot to be familiar with the content of this handbook.
No part of this manual may be reproduced without prior permission.
Ensure that all amendments are incorporated into the Pilot Operating Handbook.

Full document text

025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL, Issue D 17 SEPT 2010 TITLE: M24C FLIGHT MANUAL CODE: 025-00-24C PRODUCT: M-24 C ISSUE DATE COMPILED APPROVED APPROVED D 17 Sept 2010 Rob Littlewood Vittorio Magni Silvano Cicuttin APPROVED Rob Littlewood Magni Gyro Ltd Registered office at Healings Farm, West Bradford Rd Waddington, Clitheroe BB7 3JE, United Kingdom Magni Gyro Srl Tel. +39 0331 274816 – Fax +39 0331 274817 Sede Legale ed Operativa - Via Volpina s.n.c. e-mail: info@magnigyro.it sito web: www.magnigyro.it 21010 Besnate (VA) – Italy N° Registro Imprese di Varese 02207000023 - P.IVA e c.f.:02207000023 Capitale sociale € 80.000 interamente versato INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK PAGE DATE PAGE REV 0-2 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 0-3 M – 24C ORION 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL FLIGHT MANUAL PAGE DATE PAGE REV 0-4 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL PILOT OPERATING HANDBOOK FOR THE MAGNI GYRO M24C Registration marks: ________________________________ Constructors serial number: ________________________________ Engine serial number: ________________________________ Aircraft Designed and constructed by: Magni Gyro Srl PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 0-5 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL GENERAL This Pilot Operating Handbook applies only to the aircraft detailled on page 0-4. It is the responsability of the pilot to be familiar with the content of this handbook, including any amendments. Units of measure The following units are used in this Handbook and where apprpriate on the instruments and placards. Weight ........................................................... Kilograms [kg] Length (aircraft geometry) ............................. Millimeters [mm] Distance (aircraft performance) ..................... Feet [ft] or Meters [m] Altitude........................................................... Feet [ft] Airspeed ........................................................ Mph [mph] Moments ........................................................ Kilogram meters [kgm] Pressures ...................................................... Bars [bar] Temperatures................................................. Degrees Celsius [C°] Liquid Quantities ............................................ Litres [l] PAGE DATE PAGE REV 0-6 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL RECORD OF AMENDMENTS This page (0-6) and subsequent amendment page (0-6-1 etc), will be reissued as necessary with each amendment list. A copy of each Amendment List will be sent to the Registered Owner of each Aircraft. It is the responsibility of the registered owner to insure that the amendments are incorporated in the Pilot Operating Handbook, that the superseded pages are removed and that the receipt form, enclosed with the Amendment List is signed and returned to Magni Gyro UK Ltd. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission from Magni Gyro. Copyright 2010 by Magni Gyro. All rights reserved. ISSUE NUMBER DATE INSERTED BY A 18-08-2010 B 23-08-2010 C 09-09-2010 D 17-09-2010 E F G H J K L M N P Q R S T U V W X Y Z AA AB AC PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 0-7 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL PAGE ISSUE DATE 0-1 D 17-09-2010 0-2 D 17-09-2010 0-3 D 17-09-2010 0-4 D 17-09-2010 0-5 D 17-09-2010 0-6 D 17-09-2010 0-7 D 17-09-2010 0-8 D 17-09-2010 0-9 D 17-09-2010 0-10 D 17-09-2010 0-11 D 17-09-2010 0-12 D 17-09-2010 1-1 D 17-09-2010 1-2 D 17-09-2010 1-3 D 17-09-2010 1-4 D 17-09-2010 2-1 D 17-09-2010 2-2 D 17-09-2010 2-3 D 17-09-2010 2-4 D 17-09-2010 2-5 D 17-09-2010 2-6 D 17-09-2010 2-7 D 17-09-2010 2-8 D 17-09-2010 2-9 D 17-09-2010 2-10 D 17-09-2010 2-11 D 17-09-2010 2-12 D 17-09-2010 2-13 D 17-09-2010 2-14 D 17-09-2010 2-15 D 17-09-2010 2-16 D 17-09-2010 2-17 D 17-09-2010 2-18 D 17-09-2010 2-19 D 17-09-2010 2-20 D 17-09-2010 2-21 D 17-09-2010 2-22 D 17-09-2010 2-23 D 17-09-2010 PAGE ISSUE DATE 2-24 D 17-09-2010 3-1 D 17-09-2010 3-2 D 17-09-2010 3-3 D 17-09-2010 3-4 D 17-09-2010 3-5 D 17-09-2010 3-6 D 17-09-2010 3-7 D 17-09-2010 3-8 D 17-09-2010 4-1 D 17-09-2010 4-2 D 17-09-2010 4-3 D 17-09-2010 4-4 D 17-09-2010 4-5 D 17-09-2010 4-6 D 17-09-2010 4-7 D 17-09-2010 4-8 D 17-09-2010 4-9 D 17-09-2010 4-10 D 17-09-2010 4-11 D 17-09-2010 4-12 D 17-09-2010 4-13 D 17-09-2010 4-14 D 17-09-2010 4-15 D 17-09-2010 4-16 D 17-09-2010 4-17 D 17-09-2010 4-18 D 17-09-2010 4-19 D 17-09-2010 4-20 D 17-09-2010 4-21 D 17-09-2010 4-22 D 17-09-2010 4-23 D 17-09-2010 4-24 D 17-09-2010 4-25 D 17-09-2010 4-26 D 17-09-2010 4-27 D 17-09-2010 4-28 D 17-09-2010 4-29 D 17-09-2010 4-30 D 17-09-2010 LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES PAGE DATE PAGE REV 0-8 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL PAGE ISSUE DATE 4-31 D 17-09-2010 4-32 D 17-09-2010 4-33 D 17-09-2010 4-34 D 17-09-2010 4-35 D 17-09-2010 4-36 D 17-09-2010 4-37 D 17-09-2010 4-38 D 17-09-2010 4-39 D 17-09-2010 4-40 D 17-09-2010 4-41 D 17-09-2010 4-42 D 17-09-2010 4-43 D 17-09-2010 4-44 D 17-09-2010 4-45 D 17-09-2010 1-46 D 17-09-2010 5-1 D 17-09-2010 5-2 D 17-09-2010 5-3 D 17-09-2010 5-4 D 17-09-2010 5-5 D 17-09-2010 5-6 D 17-09-2010 5-7 D 17-09-2010 5-8 D 17-09-2010 5-9 D 17-09-2010 5-10 D 17-09-2010 6-1 D 17-09-2010 6-2 D 17-09-2010 6-3 D 17-09-2010 6-4 D 17-09-2010 7-1 D 17-09-2010 7-2 D 17-09-2010 7-3 D 17-09-2010 7-4 D 17-09-2010 7-5 D 17-09-2010 7-6 D 17-09-2010 7-7 D 17-09-2010 7-8 D 17-09-2010 7-9 D 17-09-2010 PAGE ISSUE DATE 7-10 D 17-09-2010 7-11 D 17-09-2010 7-12 D 17-09-2010 PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 0-9 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL INDEX SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

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1.1 - OBJECT .....................................................................................................................1-2 1.2 - PERMITTED OPERATIONS ......................................................................................1-2 1.3 - LAY-OUT ....................................................................................................................1-2 1.4 - CHECKLISTS ............................................................................................................1-2 1.5 - DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................1-3 1.5.1 - Definitions used in the manual ............................................................................1-3 1.5.2 - Definitions used to identify the parts of the gyroplane ........................................1-3 1.6 - DICTIONARY OF COMMONLY USED ABBREVIATIONS ........................................1-4 SECTION 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE 2.1 - THE GYROPLANE ....................................................................................................2-2 2.1.1 - General flight characteristics...............................................................................2-2 2.1.2 - Flight controls......................................................................................................2-2 2.1.3 - Flight characteristics in level conditions ..............................................................2-3 2.1.3.a - Low speed ...................................................................................................2-3 2.1.3.b - High speed and cruising speed ...................................................................2-3 2.1.3.c - Stall .............................................................................................................2-3 2.1.3.d - Spinning ......................................................................................................2-3 2.2 - OVERALL DIMENSIONS...........................................................................................2-4 2.3 - TECHNICAL DATA.....................................................................................................2-5 2.4 - IDENTIFICATION PLACARD.....................................................................................2-7 2.5 - GENERAL CONFIGURATION ...................................................................................2-8 2.5.1 - Description of main components.........................................................................2-8 2.5.2 - Cockpit layout ................................................................................................... 2-11 2.6 INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS .................................................................................2-12 2.6.a - Instruments .......................................................................................................2-12 2.6.b - Instruments - Central console ...........................................................................2-13 2.6.c - Choke control lever ...........................................................................................2-18 2.6.d - Throttle lever .....................................................................................................2-19 2.6.e - Rotor brake lever ..............................................................................................2-20 2.6.f - Brake control levers ..........................................................................................2-21 2.6.g - Direction controls ..............................................................................................2-21 2.6.g.a - Adjusting pedal position ............................................................................2-22 2.6.h - Rotor controls....................................................................................................2-22 2.6.h.a - Control stick ..............................................................................................2-23 2.6.h.b - Prerotation lever ........................................................................................2-23 2.6.h.c - Trim control switch ....................................................................................2-23 2.6.i - Fuel shut off valve control .................................................................................2-24 2.7. SAFETY BELTS .............................................................................................................2-24 PAGE DATE PAGE REV 0-10 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL SECTION 3 OPERATING LIMITS 3.1 - INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................3-2 3.2 - MINIMUM CREW .......................................................................................................3-2 3.3 - POWER LIMITATIONS ..............................................................................................3-2 3.4 - ENGINE OVERSPEED ..............................................................................................3-2 3.5 - SPEED LIMITS ..........................................................................................................3-4 3.6 - FLIGHT MANOEUVRE LIMITATIONS .......................................................................3-5 3.7 - LOAD FACTOR LIMITATIONS ..................................................................................3-5 3.8 - FLIGHT ENVELOPE ..................................................................................................3-5 3.9 - CENTRE OF GRAVITY LIMITATIONS.......................................................................3-5 3.10 - LOAD LIMITATIONS ..................................................................................................3-6 3.11 - BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT ....................................................................................3-6 3.12 - EXTERNAL LOADS ...................................................................................................3-6 3.13 - TAKEOFF AND LANDING LIMITATIONS ..................................................................3-6 3.14 - ROTOR RPM MAX LIMIT ..........................................................................................3-6 3.15 - ELECTRICAL LOAD LIMITATIONS ...........................................................................3-6 SECTION 4 FLIGHT PROCEDURE 4.1 - GENERAL ..................................................................................................................4-2 4.2 - FLIGHT PLANNING ...................................................................................................4-2 4.3 - TAKEOFF AND LANDING DATA ...............................................................................4-2 4.4 - WEIGHT AND BALANCE ..........................................................................................4-2 4.5 - PILOT CHECKLIST ...................................................................................................4-2 4.6 - DAILY PREFLIGHT CHECKS ....................................................................................4-2 4.6.1 - Internal checks ....................................................................................................4-4 4.6.2 - External checks...................................................................................................4-5 4.6.3 - Engine compartment inspection - Right hand side .............................................4-7 4.6.4 - Engine compartment inspection - Left hand side ..............................................4-12 4.7 - NOTES ON ENGINE USE .......................................................................................4-18 4.7.1 - Engine operation limits......................................................................................4-18 4.7.2 - Engine starting ..................................................................................................4-19 4.7.3 - Starting failed ....................................................................................................4-21 4.8 - TAXIING TO THE HOLDING POINT .......................................................................4-22 4.8.1 - Equipment check ..............................................................................................4-22 4.8.2 - Check prior to taxiing .......................................................................................4-22 4.8.3 - Closing the doors ..............................................................................................4-23 4.8.4 - Taxiing to holding point .....................................................................................4-24 4.9 - PRE-TAKEOFF CHECKS ........................................................................................4-25 4.10 - ROTOR PREROTATION .........................................................................................4-26 4.11 TAKEOFF ......................................................................................................................4-28 4.11.1- Takeoff with cross wind .....................................................................................4-34 4.12 - FLIGHT MANOEUVRES..........................................................................................4-34 4.12.1 - Climb .................................................................................................................4-34 4.12.2 - Descent .............................................................................................................4-35 4.12.3 - Level flight .........................................................................................................4-35 4.12.4 - Level turns ........................................................................................................4-35 4.12.5 - Level turns ........................................................................................................4-36 4.12.6 - Turning whilst climbing ......................................................................................4-36 4.12.7- Speed change ...................................................................................................4-36 PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 0-11 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 4.13 UNUSUAL MANOEUVRES ..........................................................................................4-37 4.13.1 - Slow flight and flight behind the power curve....................................................4-37 4.13.2 - Vertical descent.................................................................................................4-37 4.13.3 - Large power changes .......................................................................................4-38 4.14 - LANDING MANOEUVRES ......................................................................................4-39 4.14.1 - Before landing ...................................................................................................4-41 4.14.2 - Landing .............................................................................................................4-43 4.14.3 - Landing with crosswind .....................................................................................4-43 4.14.4 - Go_around ........................................................................................................4-43 4.14.5 - After landing ......................................................................................................4-44 4.14.6 - Engine stop .......................................................................................................4-44 4.14.7 - Opening the doors ............................................................................................4-45 4.14.8 - Before leaving the gyroplane ............................................................................4-45 4.15 - ORDINARY MAINTENANCE ...................................................................................4-46 SECTION 5 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 5.1 - GENERAL ..................................................................................................................5-2 5.2 - CRITICAL EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ................................................................5-2 5.3 - GROUND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ................................................................5-2 5.4 - EMERGENCY PROCEDURES DURING TAKEOFF .................................................5-2 5.5 - FIRE IN FLIGHT ........................................................................................................5-4 5.6 - ENGINE FAILURE .....................................................................................................5-4 5.7 - ENGINE START IN FLIGHT ......................................................................................5-5 5.8 - ABANDONING THE AIRCRAFT ................................................................................5-5 5.9 - ENGINE FAILURE .....................................................................................................5-6 5.10 - WARNING LIGHTS....................................................................................................5-6 SECTION 6 FLIGHT IN ADVERSE CONDITIONS 6.1 - INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 6-2 6.2 - TURBULENCE OR STORMS ................................................................................... 6-2 6.3 - SNOW, ICE, RAIN ..................................................................................................... 6-2 6.3.1 - Effects of snow, ice and rain during landing ........................................................6-3 6.4 - LOW AND HIGH TEMPERATURES.......................................................................... 6-4 6.4.1 - Procedures under low temperature conditions ...................................................6-4 6.4.2 - Procedures under high temperature conditions ..................................................6-4 SECTION 7 APPENDIX 7.1 - APPENDIX 1 - REFUELLING DATA ...................................................................................................... 7-2 7.1.1 - FUELS ................................................................................................................7-2 7.1.2 - BRAKE OILS.......................................................................................................7-2 7.1.3 - LUBRICANTS .....................................................................................................7-2 7.2 - APPENDIX 2 - ORDINARY MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE .................................................................... 7-4 PAGE DATE PAGE REV 0-12 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 7.3 - APPENDIX 3 - ENGINE PARAMETERS ............................................................................................... 7-5 7.3.1 - ENGINE PERFORMANCE .................................................................................7-5 7.3.2 - ENGINE TORQUE ..............................................................................................7-5 7.3.3 - FUEL CONSUMPTION .......................................................................................7-5 7.4 - APPENDIX 4 - CG DATA ....................................................................................................................... 7-7 7.5 - APPENDIX 5 - PERFORMANCE DATA .............................................................................................. 7-10 7.6 - APPENDIX 6 - HEIGHT VELOCITY DIAGRAM .................................................................................. 7-11 7.7 - APPENDIX 7 - MANOEUVRE LIMITATIONS ...................................................................................... 7-12 1 PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 1-1 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL SECTION INTRODUCTION PAGE DATE PAGE REV 1-2 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 1.1 OBJECT This manual is intended to give all the necessary information, which the operator flying the M-24 Orion gyroplane must comply with in order to ensure the safety and effective operation. The instructions provide the pilot with a general knowledge of the gyroplane and of its features, as well as with a specific knowledge of the normal and emergency operation procedures. The manual is aimed at experienced pilots and is therefore devoid of any basic flight principles. It does not replace a practical training course conducted by a QUALIFIED INSTRUCTOR. Finally, the manual provides the pilot with the recommended procedures to deal with circumstances such as emergencies, adverse meteorological conditions, etc. 1.2 PERMITTED OPERATIONS The manual defines the allowed manoeuvres and operating limitations. WARNING DANGER: Unless otherwise specified, unusual maneuvers, operations outside the defined parameters and aircraft configurations outside the defined limits are strictly forbidden. 1.3 LAY-OUT The manual is divided into 6 sections in order to be easier to read. Each section is dedicated to a different subject related to flight operations. 1.4 CHECKLISTS The manual contains various indexed procedures, which are described with the necessary clarifications or definitions. The checklists are published as indexed procedures and are not developed further. PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 1-3 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 1.5 DEFINITIONS 1.5.1 Definitions used in the manual To ensure safe functioning of the gyroplane, specific symbols are used in this manual to highlight the relative importance of particular items. The symbols used in this manual are as below: WARNING DANGER: Operation, technical and other procedures which, if not followed carefully, may expose the operator to the risk of serious accident or death. WARNING: Operation, technical and other procedures which, if not followed carefully, may expose the gyroplane and its equipment to damage. NOTE: Operation, technical and other procedures which deserve special attention. 1.5.2 Definitions used to identify the parts of the gyroplane High - superior (SUP) Low - inferior (INF) Rear (REAR) Right side (RH) Front (FR) / nose Longitudinal Left side (LH) PAGE DATE PAGE REV 1-4 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL CHT Cylinder Head Temperature EGT Exhaust Gas Temperature ft Feet g Gravitational acceleration G Gravitational constant GA Glide Angle GPS Global Positioning System inHg Inches of Mercury Kn (Knot) Nautical mile per hour IAS Inicated Air Speed MAP Manifold Pressure mb Millibar mph (statute) Miles per Hour MTOW Maximum Take-off Weight QFE Q Field Elevation RG Rough Ground r.p.m. Revolutions per Minute TCU Turbo Control Unit Vne Never-Exceed speed Vno Normal Operation speed VMC Visual Metereological Conditions 1.6 DICTIONARY OF COMMONLY USED ABBREVIATIONS 2 PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-1 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL SECTION GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-2 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.1 THE GYROPLANE The M-24C Orion is a single-engine two-seat gyroplane with a primary structure made of steel and a carbon fibre fuselage. The gyroplane is equipped with a fixed front tricycle landing gear. The side-by-side configuration allows for the carriage of two crew members in the cockpit. The power unit is a piston engine in a pusher configuration driving a three-bladed propeller with ground adjustable pitch. The tail plane is made of composite material. The tailplane consists of a fixed horizontal stabiliser with three vertical fins of which the central fin is subdivided into a fin and rudder. The rotor and main undercarriage are also manufactured from composite materials. The M24C is equipped with a baggage compartment placed inside the cockpit, under the right seat cushion. 2.1.1 GENERAL FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS Aerobatics are not permitted. 2.1.2 FLIGHT CONTROLS The flight controls are of traditional type and operate in three axes (pitch, roll and yaw). In any flight configuration and condition, only small control movements are required to fly the gyroplane. Control in roll and pitch is provided through the control stick, through tilting the rotor head and thus the rotor disk. Control in the yaw axis is provided by the rudder pedals which operate the rudder. PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-3 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.1.3 FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS IN LEVEL CONDITIONS 2.1.3.a LOW SPEED The flight characteristics and manoeuvrability at low speed are excellent. In any flight conditions, the roll and pitch controls are effective down to zero airspeed. In any flight conditions, yaw control is effective down to an IAS of 20 mph. Yaw control can be maintained down to zero airspeed by maintaining engine rpm at more than 3,000 r.p.m.. 2.1.3.b HIGH SPEED AND CRUISING SPEED The Magni M24C has been shown to meet the stability requirements of BCAR Section T. 2.1.3.c STALL There is no stalling speed. The gyroplane remains controllable down to zero airspeed WARNING: It is not possible to maintain continuous level flight at airspeeds of less than 30 mph. At lower airspeeds a controlled descent occurs. 2.1.3.d SPINNING Spinning is impossible as an asymmetric stall of a rotary wing cannot occur. PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-4 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL Fig. 1 Overall dimensions (all dimensions in mm.) Fig. 2 Minimum turning radius approx. 11m Turning radius approx. 2m approx. 11m 2.2 OVERALL DIMENSIONS (Figg. 1 / 2) The overall dimensions are indicated below: Rotor diameter ............................................................................................. 8.574 mm (28.20’) Total length ................................................................................................................4.400 mm Width .........................................................................................................................1.800 mm Height (without rotor) ..................................................................................................2760 mm Maximum height (with stick forward) ..........................................................................2810 mm PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-5 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.3 TECHNICAL DATA Weights - Dry weight: .................................................................................................................290 kg - Empty weight:.............................................................................................................297 kg - MTOW: .......................................................................................................................500 kg Performance - VNE - Never Exceed Speed................................................................................... 100 mph - VNO - Normal Operating (Cruise) Speed................................................................. 85 mph - VY - Best Rate of Climb Speed ................................................................................ 65 mph - VAPP - Landing Approach Speed (Minimum Descent Speed) ................................. 65 mph - Service ceiling: ........................................................................................................ 10000 ft - Take-off distance: ........................................................................................................ 250 ft - Take-off distance to 50ft ............................................................................................ 1250 ft - Landing roll:.................................................................................................. from 0 to 100 ft - Landing distance from 50ft. ......................................................................................... 430 ft - Rate of climb at MAUW, max power ISA conditions:.............................................625 ft/min Fuel supply - Fuel: ............................................................................................................................ Petrol - Fuel tank capacity: ..................................................................................................82 Litres - Usable fuel quantity:.............................................................................................78.5 Litres - Reserve: ...................................................................................................................8 Litres - Unusable fuel quantity:...........................................................................................3.5 Litres For more information on acceptable fuel and oil please see Appendix titled “Refuelling” . Engine - Engine type: ................................................................................................Rotax 914 turbo - Power: ....................................................................................................................... 115 Hp - Maximum engine rpm (5 minutes): ..................................................................... 5800 r.p.m - Maximum continuous rpm ...................................................................................... 5500rpm Maximum MAP* (5 minutes) ............................................................................... 39.9 inHg Maximum continuous MAP: .................................................................................. 35.4 inHg *NOTE/CAUTION - Due to the control behaviour an overshooting of the manifold pressure is possible. But within 2 seconds this pressure has to stabilize within the allowance. - Cylinders: ........................................................................................................................... 4 - Engine operations limits (see below) - Fuel Consumption/hour (cruise) ........................................................................ 16-20 Litres - Fuel Consumption/hour (max power) ......................................................................25 Litres Operating Temperatures °C min. normal max OIL 50 90 -110 130 CHT 50 90 - 110 135 EGT 750 - 850 950 Cruise ........................................................................................................... at 75% of power - MAP ...................................................................................................................... 30.5 inHg PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-6 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL Cooling System - Cooling system type: ............................................................................................. air / liquid - Coolant radiator:........................................................................................................3 Litres - Oil radiator:................................................................................................................4 Litres Electrical Installation - Operating Voltage ......................................................................................................... 12 V - Battery ..............................................................................................................12 V - 13 Ah Tyres - Nose wheel ........................................................................................................4.004 6P2Y - Inflating pressure....................................................................................................... 1.8 bar - Main wheels ...................................................................................................... 6-004 6P2Y - Inflating pressure....................................................................................................... 2.2 bar PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-7 1 2 3 4 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.4 IDENTIFICATION PLACARD (Fig. 1) The manufacturer’s identification placard (1) is located inside the cockpit, on the lower right side of the central console. Description of the placard 1 - Model 2 - Serial number 3 - Engine type 4 - Production date Fig. 1 - Manufacturer’s identification placard 12 15 9 5 7 6 10 11 8 4 1 2 3 14 16 Fig. 2 17 13 18 PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-8 17 Sept 2010 D 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.5 GENERAL CONFIGURATION All the main components of the gyroplane are listed in this chapter. Whenever communicating with MAGNI GYRO (via telephone, e-mail, fax, etc.), pilots and operators should always use the terminology used in the section in order to identify the components consistently. 2.5.1 DESCRIPTION OF MAIN COMPONENTS Front - external (Fig. 2) Key 1 - Rotor 2 - Rotor hubbar 3 - Rotor head 4 - Fuel tank filler 5 - Baggage compartment and side access to tank 6 - Airframe 7 - Main undercarriage 8 - Wheel 9 - Nose wheel 10 - Cockpit 11 - Front/landing light 12 - Dynamic intake 13 - Windscreen 14 - Mast upper section 15 - Cockpit door 16 - Engine cowling left door 17 - Strobe/position lights (Option) 18 - Engine access panel 7 8 5 1 14 Fig. 3 2 4 3 6 13 12 10 11 9 15 PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-9 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL Rear - external (Fig. 3) Key 1 - Rotor brake 2 - Bendix 3 - Control rods 4 - Trim control 5 - Control forks assembly 6 - Prerotator flexible shaft 7 - Prerotator assembly 8 - 3-bladepusher propeller with ground adjustable pitch 9 - Radiator 10 - Horizontal stabilizer 11 - Winglet 12 - Rudder 13 - Trim tab 14 - Vertical Fin 15 - Oil cooler PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-10 17 Sept 2010 D 6 5 3 Fig. 4 9 1 2 4 7 8 10 11 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL Rear - outer sight (Fig. 3) Key 1 - Engine 2 - Oil tank 3 - Battery 4 - Manifold Pressure (MAP) gauge filter 5 - Exhaust system muffler 6 - Oil filter 7 - Coolant Expansion tank 8 - Radiator cap 9 - Fuel filter 10 - Carburettor 11 - Air filter PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-11 5 1 3 19 2 6 4 14 20 7 11 13 14 10 9 12 15 18 17 16 8 Fig. 5 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.5.2 COCKPIT LAYOUT (Fig. 5) Key 1 - Instrument panel 2 - “FLYDAT” Engine data digital display 3 - Warning light (See Section 2.6b for details) 4 - Fuel Pump controls 5 - Flight instruments 6 - Circuit breakers 7 - Pilot’s Pedals (rudder and steering nose wheel) 8 - Co-pilot’s pedals 9 - Control stick grip 10 - Prerotation control lever 11 - Door locking lever 12 - Rotor trim control 13 - Brake lever 14 - Throttle lever 15 - Choke lever 16 - Seats 17 - Seat belt 18 - Rotor brake lever 19 - Compass 20 - Parking brake lever PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-12 17 Sept 2010 D Fig. 6 5 4 3 2 1 5 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.6 INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS 2.6.a Instruments (Fig.6) COMPASS (1) A standard magnetic compass is installed on the upper part of the instrument panel, in the panel’s center line. AIR-SPEED INDICATOR (ASI) (2) The air-speed indicator has a range between 0 and 120 mph. The indicated speed is derived from the difference between dynamic pressure and static pressure. The pitot tube is located at the front of the fuselage. The static intake is connected to the two static ports located on the side of the fuselage. ALTIMETER (ALT) (3) Three-pointer altimeter with 0 - 20.000 ft scale. The indicator is supplied with a barometric scale (in millibar) to adjust for atmospheric pressure. Pressure is monitored through the static port. VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR (VSI) (4) (Optional) The vertical speed indicator is an optional instrument. It is positioned next to the altimeter. This instrument is calibrated in ft/min. It is connected to the static head port. GPS EQUIPMENT (Optional) (5) The position and type of GPS equipment (global positioning system) is left to the user’s discretion. The operator manual of the GPS is supplied together with the equipment. PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-13 Fig.7 1 2 3 4 5 6 28 7 8 29 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 30 21 20 19 23 22 24 26 25 10 27 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.6.b Instruments - Central console (Fig. 7) Key 1 - Red - DANGER of turbo overpressure 2 - Yellow - engine caution or WARNING 3 - Red - BATTERY, generator not working 4 - Yellow - RESERVER, low fuel level 5 - Red - BRAKE, rotor brake (on when angaged) 6 - Green - TRIM in end position 7 - Reserve warning light test push button 8 - MAP - manifold pressure 9 - Radio (Optional) 10 - Fuel level gauge 11 - ACC Circuit breaker 10 A 12 - GEN Circuit breaker 20A, generator 13 - BATT Circuit breaker 20A, battery 14 - FD (Flydat) Circuit breaker 2A 15 - TCU (Turbo Control Unit) Circuit breaker 5A 16 - Strobe lights switch (Optional) 17 - Landing Light switch 18 - BREAKER 5A push button – main fuel pump 19 - Main fuel pump switch 20 - Auxiliary fuel pump switch 21 - BREAKER 5A push button – auxiliary fuel pump 22 - Start push button - STARTER 23 - Ignition key 24 - MASTER switch 25 - RPM ROTOR - rotor rpm gauge 26 - Fuel pressure gauge 27 - FLYDAT engine monitor 28 - RED – Fire detection - system light 29 - Transponder (Optional) 30 - Fuel shut off valve control PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-14 17 Sept 2010 D 1) RED light - Danger - Overpressure This warning light indicates an over-pressure condition in the turbocharger. See chapter 5 for the emergency procedure to apply. 2) ORANGE light - Warning This warning light indicates either an out-of-parameter reading from the turbocharger system or a faulty sensor.. See chapter 5 for the emergency procedure to apply. 3) RED light - Battery This warning light indicates that the battery is not charging. It comes on when the battery charging system is not functioning. When the engine is started it lights up when the MASTER is ON. It should deactivate when engine rpm is over 1500, if it does not, then shut down the engine and get in touch with an authorized maintenance service. See chapter 5 for the emergency procedure to apply in case it activates during flight. 4) YELLOW light - Fuel reserve When this lights up it indicates that there are about 8 litres of fuel remaining, corresponding to approximately 10 minutes of flight. Land within 10 minutes from the activation of this light to avoid engine shut down due to lack of fuel. 5) RED light - Rotor brake When this light is “on” the rotor brake lever is engaged. 6) GREEN light - Trim When this light is “on” the pitch trim is fully forward. 7) Fuel reserve warning light TEST push button On Pushing this button the low fuel warning light (4) should come on, if it does not then maintenance of the warning light is required. 8) Manifold pressure indicator “MAP” Manifold pressure MAP is detected via a filtered tube inserted into the carburettor balance pipe. The range of the instrument is 0-50 inch/Hg. The correct reading for the 100% power is 35.4inch/Hg. The correct reading for the 115% power is 39.9inch/Hg. When applying 115% power a brief transient of 40inHg lasting up to 10 seconds may be observed. 9) Radio VHF - Optional For details see instructions/manual supplied with the instrument. 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-15 10) Fuel Level Gauge Indicates the quantity of fuel remaining in the tank. When there are approximately 8 litres of fuel remaining the yellow reserve light comes on (4). The reading of this gauge is not linear due to the shape of the tank. NOTE: The fuel gauge fitted to the M24C reads ‘FULL’ when the contents of the tank are over 42 litres. For fuel levels above 42 litres the pilot should verify the tank contents by use of the markings on the tank. Typical fuel quantities: Gauge reading Approx fuel quantity Full 42 litres ¾ 30 litres ½ 20 litres 1⁄4 12 litres 11) Circuit breaker ACC (10A) This circuit breaker protects the secondary electrical systems: - Auxiliary fuel pump; - Lights; - Fuel level gauge; - Trim; - Optional systems 12) Circuit breaker generator GEN (20A) This circuit breaker protects the alternator. 13) Circuit breaker battery BAT (20A) This circuit breaker protects the battery supply line. 14) Circuit breaker FLYDAT FD (2A) This circuit breaker protects the FLYDAT instrument and the rotor tachometer. 15) Circuit breaker TCU (5A) This circuit breaker protects the engine Turbo Control Unitt. 16) Strobe light switch STR - (Optional) Push the lever of the switch upward to the ON position to turn on the side strobe lights. The strobe lights should be switched on during flight. 17) Landing light switch Push the lever of the switch upward to ON position to turn on the front mounted landing light. The landing light should be switched on during approach and landing. 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-16 17 Sept 2010 D 18) Main fuel pump breaker (5A) button In case of failure of the main fuel pump electrical system, the magneto thermic switch activates and its push button pops out . To re-arm the breaker push in the button. 19) Main fuel pump switch Push the lever of the switch upward to ON position to turn the main fuel pump on. This switch must be ON during all flight operations. 20) Auxiliary fuel pump switch Push the lever of the switch upward to ON position to turn the auxiliary fuel pump on. This switch must be ON during all flight operations. 21) Auxiliary fuel pump breaker (5A) button In case of failure of the auxiliary pump electrical system, the magneto thermic switch activates and its push button pops out . To re-arm the breaker push in the button. 22) Engine start push button The MASTER switch ON enables the engine start push button. 23) Ignition key The key allows to open the engine’s ignition circuits. It permits to select four positions: OFF = ignitions not on - extraction and insertion position of the key R = ignition A on L = ignition B on BOTH = both ignitions activated WARNING: In flight the key must always be in the ‘BOTH’ position, except when completing the ignition test during the pre-takeoff checks. 24) MASTER switch Push the lever of the switch upward to ON position to power all electrical utilities. 25) Rotor tachometer (r.p.m.) When the rotor is turning this digital tachometer indicates the rotor rpm. 26) Fuel pressure indicator Fuel pressure is measured by means of a reduced diameter tube inserted in the carburettor fuel feed line. The range of this instrument is from 0 to 1 bar. 27) Digital engine monitoring system - FLYDAT (Fig. 8) All the engine’s instruments are grouped in the FLYDAT digital instrument supplied by ROTAX. 28) RED light When illuminated one of the sensors in the engine bay has detected temperatures above 120 degrees and therefore the possible presence of fire. For the procedure to be adopted in this case, refer to Chapter 5. 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-17 1 3 7 8 10 2 4 5 9 6 11 Fig.8 The FLYDAT instrument is placed on the upper panel of the central console. It allows the monitoring of 9 engine operational parameters: 1. engine rpm (revolution per minute) 2. hour counter (0.1 h) 3. exhaust gas temperature EGT/PTO Arrow (5) to the left (LH rear cylinder) arrow (5) to the right (RH rear cylinder) The EGT reading changes from right to left bank as indicated by the arrow (5). This variation happens every 9 seconds. “PTO” stands for “POWER TAKE OFF”(rear cylinders). “MAG” stands for “MAGNETO” (front cylinders). 4. exhaust gas temperature EGT/MAG Arrow (5) to the left (LH front cylinder) arrow (5) to the right (RH front cylinder) 5. direction arrow (points towards RH or LH) 6. memory push button; press to monitor the maximum values reached 7. cylinder temperature CHT (cylinder no. 2) 8. oil temperature 9. oil pressure (0.1 bar) In the standard configuration, all the temperatures are expressed in °C. FLYDAT also shows: 10 - LED - if the light is green, indicates that the parameters are normal - if the light is red, indicates that the parameters are out of limits 11 - Input and output data connection For more information on the functions of this instrument, please see the FLYDAT OPERATOR’S MANUAL supplied with the gyroplane documentation. 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-18 17 Sept 2010 D 2 2 1 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL Fig.9 - Choke control lever 2.6.c Choke control lever (Fig. 9) The choke (1) provides an increase in the percentage of fuel in the air-gas mixture at low engine r.p.m., so that it is easier to start in case of low ambient temperature. To engage the choke, place the lever in vertical position. To disengage it, put it back in low position. WARNING: When starting the engine with the help of the choke, the throttle lever (2) must be kept in its idling position (IDLE). Once the engine is started, do not use the choke for extended periods of time. Do not use the choke if the ambient temperature is greater than 20° C. PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-19 1 1 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.6.d Throttle lever (Fig. 10) - The throttle lever (1) allows the engine speed (r.p.m.) to be varied and thus to vary the power delivered. - Moving the throttle forward opens the carburettors’ throttle valve, thus increasing the power delivered. - Moving the throttle backward reduces the power delivered. - The throttle’s movement goes from 0 to 115% of maximum continuous power. - During the travel from 0 to 100%, the power is delivered proportionally to the movement of the throttle lever, so that it can be modulated. - Once the lever moves beyond the 100% position, the power delivered is not proportional to throttle movement, as the engine boosting does not take place in a linear manner and it is engaged abruptly. Fig.10 - Throttle lever PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-20 17 Sept 2010 D Fig.11 - Rotor brake lever 1 Engaged Disengaged 2 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL WARNING: 115% power can be used when necessary for takeoff operations, always taking care not to exceed the engine’s maximum speed (5800 r.p.m.). NOTE: The maximum continuous power is limited to 100% of the available power. The maximum available power (115%) can only be used for not more than 5 minutes. After 5 minutes, the red “DANGER” warning light is activated and the turbo’s management system automatically reduces the delivered power until reaching maximum continuous power (100%). 2.6.e Rotor brake lever (Fig. 11) This lever is used to stop the rotation of the rotor after landing and during all taxiing, holding- point and parking operations. - To engage the brake pull up the lever (1) to vertical position; when the rotor brake is engaged the warning light (2) “BRAKE” comes on. PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-21 Fig.12 - Brake control lever Fig.13 - Direction controls 2 1 Pull back to engage brake system Disingaged Engaged 3 2 1 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.6.f Brake control levers (Fig. 12) The gyroplane is equipped with a brake system fitted to the main wheels. The system can be controlled by two levers Main brake lever (1) - To apply the brakes pull the lever (1) backwards. The braking action is proportional to the pull applied on the lever. Parking brake lever (2) - To apply the brakes pull the lever backward. The braking action is proportional to the pull applied on the lever. To release the parking brake, lift up the top section of the lever and move the lever forward. 2.6.g Direction controls (Fig. 13) The control pedals operate the rudder (1) as well as the front wheel, thus allowing steering whilst taxiing - Pressure on the right pedal (2) will cause right yaw/turn. - Pressure on the left pedal (3) will cause left yaw/turn PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-22 17 Sept 2010 D 1 2 3 2 1 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.6.g.a Adjusting pedal position (Fig. 14) It is possible to adjust pedal position to the height of the pilot. The procedure to follow for the adjustment is: - Extract pin (1) and move the pedal (2) to the desired position corresponding to one of the positioning holes on the pedal. - Re-insert pin (1) back into its position. 2.6.h Rotor controls (Fig. 15) The controls related to the rotor are placed on the control stick (1) and are: 2) Prerotation control lever 3) TRIM switch Fig.15 - Rotor controls Fig.14 - Adjustable pedals PAGE REV DATE PAGE D 17 Sept 2010 2-23 Fig.16 1 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.6.h.a Control stick (Fig. 16) The movements of the control stick (1) are: - backwards and forwards, changing the angle of attack/attitude of the gyroplane which in turn controls the airspeed; - sideways left/right changes the angle of bank of the gyroplane and consequently the direction of flight (heading). 2.6.h.b Prerotation lever (Fig. 16) This lever allows the engagement/activation of the prerotator. It is used during pre-take- off procedures The degree of engagement of the prerotator is proportional to the degree of movement of the lever. 2.6.h.c Trim control switch (Fig. 16) The trim switch is located on top of the control stick and allows in-flight adjustment of the aircraft’s attitude allowing control over the aircraft’s trimmed speed. - Backwards movement of the switch: Nose-up attitude = reduction of the speed - Forwards movement of the switch: Nose-down attitude = increase of the speed NOTE: Adjustment of the aircraft’s trimmed speed must be made by means of brief movements of the trim switch PAGE DATE PAGE REV 2-24 17 Sept 2010 D 1 Fig.16b 1 Pull back to engage shut off valve 025-00-24C M24C FLIGHT MANUAL 2.6.i Fuel shut off valve control (Fig. 16b) The fuel shut off valve control is located on the left side of the switch panel. This control is protected by a guard. In case of fire in engine compartment (fire detection lamp ON) the fuel supply can be shut off: : - Push the guard to the side - Pull out the fuel shut off control. 2.7. SAFETY BELTS (Fig. 17) The safety belts (1) for both seats are 4-point “lap and shoulder belt” type with quick release metal buckle. Fig.17 - Seat belts

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