PA-44-180T PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK

3-8a, New pages; continue revision 3-8b, Electrical Failures. 3-8c, 3-8d 3-15 Revised para. 3.7 (Air Start - Unfeathering Procedure). 3-19 Revised para. 3.25. 3-19a, New pages continue para. 3.25 3-19b revision. 6-34 Added item 182. 6-50 Move info. to pg. 6-52. 6-51 New page; added items 401, 403 and 405. 6-52 New page; relocated info. from pg. 6-50. 7-16 Revised para. 7.17. 7-17 Revised fig. 7-15. 7-19 Cont. para. 7.17 revision. 7-21 Cont. para. 7.17 revision. 9-i Added Supplement 16. 9-69 9-83 Added info. Added Supplement 16 (Prop ( ) iA A.0/~ -c thru Heat and Ice Light) Ward Evans 9-86 Jan. 5, 1981 Rev. 4 1-6; Revised para. 1.9 info. (PR810331) 1-11 3-ii Revised Table of Contents. 3-3 Added Warning. 3-4 Removed Warning. 3-13 Relocated revised Warning. 3-20 Revised para. 3.27. REPORT: VB-1100 vi-b • • PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revision FAA Approval Signature and Date Rev. 4 (cont) 4-11 Revised procedures. (PR810331) 4-14 Revised para. 4.11. 4-19 Revised para. 4.27. 4-24 Revised para. 4.33. 5-4 Corrected syntax. 5-14 Revised fig. 5-9. 5-18 Revised fig. 5-17. 5-23 Revised fig. 5-27. 6-9 Revised para. 6.7. 6-19 Revised item 11. 6-25 Revised items 99 and 101; moved item 101 to pg. 6-26. 6-26 Relocated item 101 from pg. 6-25; revised items 103 and 104. 6-33a New page. 6-33b New page; added item 178. 6-39 Added item 236; moved item 241 to pg. 6-40. 6-40 Relocated item 241 from pg. 6-39; moved item 251 to pg. 6-40a. 6-40a Relocated item 251 from pg. 6-40. 6-41 Revised item 257. 6-49 Revised items 373, 374 and 375; moved item 375 to pg. 6-50. 6-50 Relocated item 375 from pg. 6-49. 7-17 Revised fig. 7-15. 8-11 Revised para. 8.19. 9-29 Revised Sec. 4 (b) (8) a and b. 9-32 Revised Sec. 4 Preflight. ' 9-34 Revised Sec. 4 Preflight (b). talAg- 8=i4... 9-45 Revised Sec. 2 (c). Ward Evans 9-47 Revised Note. March 31, 1981 REPORT: VB-1100 vi-c PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revision FAA Approval Signature and Date Rev. 5 1-5 • Revised para. 1.13.(PR810702) 5-3 Revised para. 5.5 (a). 5-7 Revised para. 5.5 (d), (f) and W. 5-26 Revised Figure 5-33. 6-28 Added item 136; moved item142 to pg. 6-29. 6-29 Relocated item 142 from pg. 6-28. 6-31 Revised item 163; added item 164; moved item 165 to pg. 6-32. 6-32 Relocated item 165 from pg. 6-31; moved item 173 to pg. 6-33. 6-33 Relocated item 173 from pg. 6-32; moved item 177 to pg. 6-336. 6-33b Relocated item 177 from pg. 6-33. 6-35 Revised item 195.6-35b Revised item 207. 6-35d Relocated items 212 thru 215 from pg. 6-36. 6-36 Moved items 212 thru 215 to pg. 6-35d; relocated items 216 thru 220 from pg. 6-37. 6-37 Moved items 216 thru 220 to pg. 6-36; relocated items 221 and 223 from pg. 6-38; addeditem 227.6-38 Moved items 221 and 223 to pg. 6-37; added item 229.6-39 Added item 238; moved item 239 to pg. 6-40. 6-40 Relocated item 239 from pg. 6-39; moved item 249 to pg. 6-40a. REPORT: VB-1100 vi-d Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revision FAA Approval Signature and Date Rev. 5 (cont) 6-40a Relocated item 249 from pg. 6-40; moved item 256 to pg. 6-40b. 6-40b Relocated item 256 from pg. 6-40a; relocated item 257 from pg. 6-41. 6-41 Revised and moved item 257 to pg. 6-40b. 6-52 Added item 407; removed info. 7-19 Revised para. 7.17; moved info. to pg. 7-21. 7-21 Relocated info. from pg. 7-19; added info. from pg. 7-23. 7-23 Moved info. to pg. 7-21. LJDAS Eft 7-36 Revised para. 7.41. Ward Evans 9-31 Revised Sec. 2 (b) and (c). July 2, 1981 Rev. 6 2-i Revised Table of Contents. (PR820219) 2-4 Revised para. 2.9; moved info. to pg. 2-5. 2-5 Relocated info. from pg. 2-4; moved para. 2.15 to pg. 2-6. 2-6 Relocated para. 2.15 from pg. 2-5. 3-i, 3-ii Revised Table of Contents. 3-iii New page, cont. revised Table of Contents. 3-2 Revised procedure. 3-5 Added procedure; moved info. to pg. 3-6. 3-6 Relocated info. from pg. 3-5; moved info. to pg. 3-7. 3-7 Relocated info. from pg. 3-6; moved info. to pg. 3-8. 3-8 Relocated info. from pg. 3-7; moved info. to pg. 3-8a. • PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) REPORT: VB-1100 vi-e PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revision FAA Approval Signature and Date Rev. 6 (cont) 3-8a Relocated, revised, retitled procedure from pg. 3-8. 3-8b, Revised procedure. 3-8c, 3-8d 3-8e, New pages; continued revised 3-8f, procedures. 3-8g 3-8h New page. 3-12 Revised para. 3.7 Engine Securing Procedure. 3-15 Added procedure to para. 3.7. 3-19, Retitled, revised para. 3.25. 3-19a, 3-19b 3-19c, New pages; cont. revised para. 3-19d 3.25. 3-20 Cont. revised para. 3.25; moved info. to pg. 3-21. 3-21 Relocated info. from pg. 3-20; moved para. 3.41 to pg. 3-22. 3-22 New page; relocated para. 3.41 from pg. 3-21. 4-i Revised Table of Contents. 4-ii New page; cont. revised Table of Contents. 4-3 Relocated info. from pg. 4-4. 4-4 Moved info. to pg. 4-3; re- located info. from pg. 4-5. 4-5 Moved info. to pg. 4-4; revised procedure; added to note. 4-9 Revised procedure. 4-11 Revised procedure. 4-14 Revised caution. 4-15 Added note; moved para. 4.15 to pg. 4-15b. 4-I5a New page. REPORT: VB-1100 vi-f PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revision FAA Approval Signature and Date Rev. 6(cont) 4-I5b New page; relocated para. 4.15 from pg. 4-15; relocated info. from pg. 4-16. 4-16 Moved info. to pg. 4-15b; re- located para. 4.19 and 4.21 from pg. 4-17. 4-17 Moved para. 4.19 and 4.21 to pg. 4-16; relocated info. from pg. 4-18. 4-18 Moved info. to pg. 4-17; re- located info. from pg. 4-19. 4-19 Moved info. to pg. 4-18; re- located info. from pg. 4-20. 4-20 Moved info. to pg. 4-19; added note; moved info. to pg. 4-21. 4-21 Relocated info. from pg. 4-20. 4-25 Added note; moved info. to pg. 4-26. 4-26 Relocated info. from pg. 4-25; moved info. and para. 4.39 to pg. 4-27. 4-27 Relocated info. and para. 4.39 from pg. 4-26; moved para. 4.45 and 4.47 to pg. 4-28. 4-28 Relocated para. 4.45 and 4.47 from pg. 4-27; moved para. 4.51 to pg. 4-29. 4-29 Relocated para. 4.51 from pg. 4-28; moved info. and para. 4.53 to pg. 4-30. 4-30 New page; relocated info. and para. 4.53 from pg. 4.29. 5-3 Revised para. 5.5. thru 5-7 REPORT: VB-1100 vi-g PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revision FAA Approval Signature and Date Rev. 8 (cont) 8-11 Relocated para. 8.19 from pg. 8-10. 8-15 Revised paras. 8.23 and 8.25. 8-17 Revised para. 8.31. 9-13 Revised Sec. 3 (f) (2) and (3). 9-23 Revised Sec. 3. 9-27 Revised Sec. 3. 9-31 Revised Sec. 1. 9-46 Revised Sec. 3 (a) (3) b. 9-59 Revised Sec. 3. 9-65 Revised Sec. 3. 9-68 Revised Table 4-3. 9-69 Added Sec. 4 (c); moved info. • and Sec. 5 to pg. 9-70. 9-70 Relocated info. and Sec. 5 from pg. 9-69. 9-71 Revised Sec. 3. 9-73 Revised Table 4-3. 9-77 Revised Sec. 3. 9-79, Revised Table 4-3. 9-80 9-81 Revised Table 4-3; continued Table 4-3 to pg. 9-82. 9-82 Continued revised Table 4-3 from pg. 9-81. wa.a 6,...4 9-86 Revised fig. 9-3. Ward Evans 9-87 Revised description. April 2, 1982 Rev. 9 Title Revised title. (PR820812) 1-i Revised Table of Contents. 1-5 Revised para. 1.17. 1-12 Deleted pages and para. 1.21. thru 1-21 4-15 Revised para. 4.11. 6-i Revised Table of Contents. REPORT: VB-1100 vi-j PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and 1 Code Revised Pages Description of Revision FAA Approval Signature and Date Rev. 9 (cont) 6-5 Revised para. 6.5. 6-10 Revised fig. 6-9. 6-14 Revised para. 6.9. 7-25 Revised para. 7.23. 7-26 Revised fig. 7-25. 7-27 Revised para. 7.25; moved info. to pg. 7-30. 7-30 Relocated info. from pg. 7-27. 7-31 Revised para. 7.27; moved info. to pg. 7-32. 7-32 Relocated info. from pg. 7-31; revised para. 7.26. t . Qom si {) Er..., %Ai 7-33 Revised para. 7.33. Ward Evans 8-2 Revised para. 8.3. Aug. 12, 1982 1 Rev. 10 Title Bottom para. (PR830311) 1-1 Revised para. 1.1. 1-8 Revised meteorological terminology. 1-10 Deleted MEA. 3-iii Revised No. 3.27. 3-19b Revised Note. 3-19c Revised Note. 3-19d Revised top Note. 4-15 Revised para. 4.13 Note. 4-20 Revised top Note. 4-22 Revised para. 4.31 Caution. 4-25 Revised para. 4.37 Note. 5-13 Revised Fig. 5-7 thru 5-21. thru 5-20 7-6 Revised para. 7.7 and 7.9. 7-21 Added Caution, para. 7.17. 7-33 Revised para. 7.33. 8-3 Revised para. 8.5. 8-4 Moved text para. 8.7. REPORT: VB-1100 vi-k PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revisions FAA Approved Signature and Date Rev. 10 9-79 Revised Note. (cont) 9-80 Revised Note. 9-84 9-97 Revised 3rd para. Added Supplement No. 18. an i ./.0. thru Ward Evans 9-100 March 11, 1983 Rev. 11 3-1 Revised para. 3.1. (PR900507) 3-8d Added serial no. info. 3-17 Revised para. 3.11. 3-19b Added serial no. info. 4-5 Added Warning. Revised procedure. 4-8 Revised procedure. 4-11 Revised procedure. 4-15 Revised para. 4.13. Added Warning. 4-19 Revised para. 4.27. 4-26 Revised para. 4.37. 5-9 Corrected spelling. 7-i Revised Table of Contents. 7-12 Revised para. 7.11. Added Warning. Moved para. 7.13 to pg. 7-13. 7-13 Relocated para. 7.13 from pg. 7-12. 8-1 Revised para. 8.1. 8-2 Revised paras. 8.1 and 8.3. 8-3 Revised para. 8.3. 8-11 Revised para. 8.19. Moved para. 8.21 (b) to pg. 8-12. 8-12 Relocated para. 8.21 (b) from pg. 8-11. Revised Fuel Grade 1 Comparison Chart. D. H. Trom ler 8-18 Added Caution. May 7, 1990 REPORT: VB-1100 vi-1 PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revisions FAA Approval Signature and Date Rev. 12 (PRO51010) vi-m vi-n Added page & Rev. 12 to L of R. Added page. 4-10 4-22 Revised para. 4.5. Revised para. 4.31. , /,— 4-23 Revised para. 4.33. Linda J. Dicken 7-9 Revised para. 7.9. October 10, 2005 REPORT: VB-11001 vi-m REVISED: OCTOBER 10, 2005 PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (cont) Revision Number and Code Revised Pages Description of Revisions FAA Approval Signature and Date REPORT: VB-1100 vi-n REVISED: OCTOBER 10, 2005 • TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1 GENERAL SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS SECTION 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES SECTION 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES SECTION 5 PERFORMANCE SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE SECTION 7 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF THE AIRPLANE AND ITS SYSTEMS SECTION 8 AIRPLANE HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE SECTION 9 SUPPLEMENTS SECTION 10 SAFETY TIPS REPORT: VB-1100 vii • • • TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1 GENERAL Paragraph Page No. No. Introduction 1-1 Engine 1-3 Propeller 1-3 Fuel 1-4 Oil 1-4 Maximum Weights 1-4 Standard Airplane Weights 1-5 Baggage Space 1-5 Specific Loadings 1-5 Symbols, Abbreviations and Terminology 1-6 REPORT: VB-1100 1-i PIPER AIRCRAVI CORPORATION SECTION 1 PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE GENERAL SECTION 1 GENERAL 1.1 INTRODUCTION This Pilot's Operating Handbook is designed for maximum utilization as an operating guide for the pilot. It includes the material required to be furnished to the pilot by the Federal Aviation Regulations and additional information provided by the manufacturer and constitutes the FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual. Assurance that the airplane is in an airworthy condition is the responsi- bility of the owner. The pilot in command is responsible for determining that the airplane is safe for flight. The pilot is also responsible for remaining within the operating limitations as outlined by instrument markings, placards, and this handbook. Although the arrangement of this handbook is intended to increase its in-flight capabilities, it should not be used solely as an occasional operating reference. The pilot should study the entire handbook to become familiar with the limitations, performance, procedures and operational handling characteristics of the airplane before flight. The handbook has been divided into numbered (arabic) sections, each provided with a "finger-tip" tab divider for quick reference. The limitations and emergency procedures have been placed ahead of the normal procedures, performance and other sections to provide easier access to information that may be required in flight. The "Emergency Procedures" 0Section has been furnished with a red tab divider to present an instant reference to the section. Provisions for expansion of the handbook have been made by the deliberate omission of certain paragraph numbers. figure numbers, item numbers and pages noted as being intentionally left blank. This handbook is not designed as a substitute for adequate and competent flight instruction, knowledge of current airworthiness directives, applicable federal air regulations or advisory circulars. It is not intended to be a guide for basic flight instruction or a training manual and should not be used for operational purposes unless kept in a current status. • ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 REPORT: VB-1!00 REVISED: MARCH 11, 1983 1-1 SECTION 1 GENERAL PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE Wing Area (12 sq. ft.) 183.8 Min. Turning Radius (ft.) 33.0 (from pivot point to wingtip) THREE VIEW Figure 1-1 REPORT: VB-1100 ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 1-2 1.5 PROPELLER • STANDARD (a) Number of Propellers (b) Propeller Manufacturer (c) Model Left Right (d) Number of Blades (e) Propeller Diameter (in.) (1) Maximum (2) Minimum (1) Propeller Type • OPTIONAL (a) Number of Propellers (b) Propeller Manufacturer (c) Model Left Right ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION SECTION 1 PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE GENERAL 1.3 ENGINE (a) • (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (8) (h) (1) 0) Number of Engines Engine Manufacturer Engine Model Number Left Right Rated Horsepower Rated Speed (rpm) Bore (in.) Stroke (in.) Displacement (cu. in.) Compression Ratio Engine Type 2 Lycoming 10-360-E1A6D LT0-360-E1A6D 180 2575 5.1/5 4.375 361 8.00:1 Turbosupercharged, Four Cylinder, Direct Drive, Horizontally Opposed, Air Cooled 2 Hartzell HC-C2YR-2C( )UF/ FC7666A-2R HC-C2YR-2CL( )UF/ FJC7666A-2R 2 74 72 Constant Speed, Hydraulically Actuated, Full Feathering 2 Hartzell HC-C3YR-2( )UF/ FC-7663-SR HC-C3YR-2L( )UF/ FJC-7663-5R REPORT: VB-1100 1-3 SECTION 1 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION GENERAL PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE (d) Number of Blades (e) Propeller Diameter (in.) (I) Maximum (2) Minimum (f) Propeller Type 3 73 72 ill Constant Speed, Hydraulically Actuated, Full Feathering 1.7 FUEL (a) Fuel Capacity (U.S. gal.) (total) (b) Usable Fuel (U.S. gal.) (total) (c) Fuel (1) Minimum Grade (2) Alternate Fuel 110 108 100 Green or lOOLL Blue Aviation Grade Refer to latest revision of Lycoming, Service Instruction 1070. 1.9 OIL (a) Oil Capacity (U.S. qts.) (per engine) (b) Oil Specifications (c) Oil Viscosity 6 •Refer to latest issue of Lycoming Service Instructions 1014. Refer to Section 8 - paragraph 8.19. 1.11 MAXIMUM WEIGHTS (a) Maximum Ramp Weight (lbs) (b) Maximum Takeoff Weight (lbs) (c) Maximum Landing Weight (lbs.) (d) Maximum Weight Baggage Compartment (lbs.) 3943 3925 3800 200 • REPORT: VB-1100 ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 1-4 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION SECTION 1 PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE GENERAL 1.13 STANDARD AIRPLANE WEIGHTS Refer to Figure 6-5 for the Standard Empty Weight and the Useful ii•Load. 1.15 BAGGAGE SPACE (a) Compartment Volume (cu. ft.) 24 (b) Entry Width (in.) 22 (c) Entry Height (in.) 20 1.17 SPECIFIC LOADINGS (a) Wing Loading (lbs. per sq. ft.) 21.4 (b) Power Loading (lbs. per hp) 10.9 • •ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 REPORT: VB-1100 REVISED: AUGUST 12, 1982 1-5 SECTION 1 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION GENERAL PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE 1.9 SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY The following definitions are of symbols, abbreviations and termi- nology used throughout the handbook and those which may be of added operational significance to the pilot. (a) General Airspeed Terminology and Symbols CAS Calibrated Airspeed means the indicated speed of an aircraft, corrected for position and instrument error. Calibration airspeed is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea level. KCAS Calibrated Airspeed expressed in "Knots." GS Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane relative to the ground. CAS Indicated Airspeed is the speed of an air- craft as shown on the airspeed indicator when corrected for instrument error. IAS values published in this handbook assume zero instrument error. KIAS Indicated Airspeed expressed in "Knots." M Mach Number is the ratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound. TAS True Airspeed is the airspeed of an airplane relative to undisturbed air which is the CAS corrected for altitude, temperature and compressibility. Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speed at which application of full available aerodynamic control will not overstress the airplane. VFE Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permissible with wing flaps in a prescribed extended position. REPORT; VB-1100 ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 1-6 REVISED: MARCH 31, 1981 VLE V LO VMCA PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION SECTION 1 PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE GENERAL Maximum Landing Gear Extended Speed is the maximum speed at which an aircraft can be safely flown with the landing gear extended. Maximum Landing Gear Operating Speed is the maximum speed at which the landing gear can be safely extended or retracted. Air Minimum Control Speed is the mini- mum flight speed at which the airplane is directionally controllable as determined in accordance with Federal Aviation Regu- lations. Airplane certification conditions include one engine becoming inoperative and windmilling; not more than a 5° bank towards the operative engine; takeoff power on operative engine; landing gear up; flaps in takeoff position; and most rearward C.G. VNE/ MNE VNO V s Vso Never Exceed Speed or Mach Number is the speed limit that may not be exceeded at any time. Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed that should not be exceeded except in smooth air and then only with caution. Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is con- trollable. Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable in the landing configuration. VSSE Intentional One Engine Inoperative Speed is a minimum speed selected by the manu- facturer for intentionally rendering one engine inoperative in flight for pilot training. ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 REPORT: VB-1100 1-7 SECTION 1 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION GENERAL PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE Vx Best Angle-of-Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizontal distance. V v Best Rate-of-Climb Speed is the airspeed • which delivers the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest possible time. (b) Meteorological Terminology ISA OAT Indicated Pressure Altitude Pressure Altitude International Standard Atmosphere in which: The air is a dry perfect gas; The temperature at sea level is 15° Celsius (59° Fahrenheit); The pressure at sea level is 29.92 inches Hg (1013.2 mb); The tempera- ture gradient from seal level to the altitude at which the temperature is -56.6° C (-69.7°F) is -0.00198°C (-0.003564° F) per foot and zero above that altitude. Outside Air Temperature is the free air static temperature obtained either from inflight temperature indications or ground meteorological sources, adjusted for in- strument error and compressibility effects. The number actually read from an altimeter when the barometric subscale has been set to 29.92 inches of mercury (1013.2 millibars). Altitude measured from standard sea-level pressure (29.92 in. Hg) by a pressure or barometric altimeter. It is the indicated pressure altitude corrected for position and instrument error. In this handbook, altimeter instrument errors are assumed to be zero. Station Pressure Actual atmospheric pressure at field elevation. REPORT: VB-1100 ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 1-8 REVISED: MARCH 11, 1983 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION SECTION 1 PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE GENERAL Wind (c) Power Terminology Takeoff Power Maximum Con- tinuous Power Maximum Climb Power Maximum Cruise Power (d) Engine Instruments EGT Gauge CHT Gauge The wind velocities recorded as variables on the charts of this handbook are to be understood as the headwind or tailwind components of the reported winds. Maximum power permissible for takeoff. Maximum power permissible continuously during flight. Maximum power permissible during climb. Maximum power permissible during cruise. Exhaust Gas Temperature Gauge Cylinder Head Temperature Gauge (e) Airplane Performance and Flight Planning Terminology Climb Gradient Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity Accelerate-Stop Distance The demonstrated ratio of the change in height during a portion of a climb, to the horizontal distance traversed in the same time interval. The demonstrated crosswind velocity is the velocity of the crosswind component for which adequate control of the airplane during takeoff and landing was actually demonstrated during certification tests. The distance required to accelerate an air plane to a specified speed and, assuming failure of an engine at the instant that speed is attained, to bring the airplane to a stop. ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 REPORT: VB-1100 1-9 SECTION 1 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION GENERAL PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE Route Segment A part of a route. Each end of that part is identified by: ( I ) a geographical location; or (2) a point at which a definite radio fix •can be established. (1) Weight and Balance Terminology Reference Datum An imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal distances are measured for balance purposes. Station A location along the airplane fuselage usually given in terms of distance in inches from the reference datum. Arm The horizontal distance from the reference datum to the center of gravity (C.G.) of an item. Moment The product of the weight of an item multi- plied by its arm. (Moment divided by a constant is used to simplify balance calcu- lations by reducing the number of digits.) Center of Gravity (C.G.) C.G. Arm C.G. Limits The point at which an airplane would balance if suspended. Its distance from the reference datum is found by dividing the total moment by the total weight of the airplane. The arm obtained by adding the airplane's individual moments and dividing the sum by the total weight. The extreme center of gravity locations within which the airplane must be operated at a given weight. REPORT: VB-1100 ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 1-10 REVISED: MARCH 11, 1983 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION SECTION 1 PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE GENERAL Usable Fuel Fuel available for flight planning. Unusable Fuel Fuel remaining after a runout test has been completed in accordance with govern- mental regulations. Standard Empty Weight of a standard airplane including Weight unusable fuel, full operating fluids and full oil. Basic Empty Standard empty weight plus optional I Weight equipment. Payload Weight of occupants, cargo and baggage. Useful Load Difference between takeoff weight, or ramp weight if applicable, and basic empty weight. Maximum Ramp Maximum weight approved for ground Weight maneuver, (It includes weight of start, taxi and run up fuel.) Maximum Maximum weight approved for the start of Takeoff Weight the takeoff run. Maximum Maximum weight approved for the landing Landing Weight touchdown. Maximum Zero Fuel Weight Maximum weight exclusive of usable fuel. ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 REPORT: VB-1100 REVISED: MARCH 31, 1981 1-11 ~ i • I TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS Paragraph No. Page No. 2.1 General 2-1 2.3 Airspeed Limitations 2-1 2.5 Airspeed Indicator Markings 2-2 2.7 Power Plant Limitations 2-3 2.9 Power Plant Instrument Markings 2-4 2.11 Weight Limits 2-5 2.13 Center of Gravity Limits 2-5 2.15 Maneuver Limits 2-6 2.17 Flight Maneuvering Load Factors 2-6 2.19 Types of Operation 2-6 2.21 Fuel Limitations 2-6 2.23 Noise Level 2-7 2.25 Gyro Suction Limits 2-7 2.27 Operating Altitude Limitations 2-7 2.29 Maximum Seating Configuration 2-7 2.31 Placards 2-8 REPORT: VB-I100 2-i • • • PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION SECTION 2 PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE LIMITATIONS SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS 2.1 GENERAL This section provides the "FAA Approved" operating limitations, instrument markings, color coding and basic placards necessary for operation of the airplane and its systems. The airplane must be operated as a normal category airplane in compliance with the operating limitations stated in the form of placards and markings and those given in this section and handbook. Limitations associated with those optional systems and equipment which require handbook supplements can be found in Section 9 *Supplements). 2.3 AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS SPEED KIAS KCAS Design Maneuvering Speed (VA) - Do not make full or abrupt control movements above this speed. 3925 lbs. 137 135 2700 lbs. 112 112 CAUTION • Maneuvering speed decreases at lighter weight as the effects of aerodynamic forces become more pronounced. Linear interpolation may be used for intermediate gross weights. Maneuvering speed should not be exceeded while operating in rough air. ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 REPORT: VB-1100 2-1 SECTION 2 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION LIMITATIONS PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE SPEED Never Exceed Speed (VNE) - Do not exceed K1AS KCAS this speed in any operation. 202 194 •Maximum Structural Cruising Speed (VNo) - Do not exceed this speed except in smooth air and then only with caution. 170 165 Maximum Flaps Extended Speed (VFE) - Do not exceed this speed with the flaps extended. I 1 1 109 Maximum Gear Extended Speed (VLE) - Do not exceed this speed with landing gear extended. 140 138 Maximum Landing Gear Extending Speed - Do not extend landing gear above this speed. 140 138 Maximum Landing Gear Retracting •Speed - Do not retract landing gear above this speed. 109 109 Air Minimum Control Speed (VMCA) - Lowest airspeed at which airplane is con- trollable with one engine operating and no flaps. Note: This is a stalled condition. 57 62 One Engine Inoperative Best Rate of Climb Speed. 88 90 2.5 AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS MARKING IAS Red Radial Line (Never Exceed) 202 KTS. Red Radial Line (One Engine Inoperative Air Minimum Control Speed) 57 KTS 411 REPORT: VB-1100 ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 2-2 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION SECTION 2 PA-44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE LIMITATIONS MARKING Blue Radial Line (One Engine Inoperative Best Rate of Climb Speed) Yellow Arc (Caution Range - Smooth Air Only) Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) White Arc (Flap Down) IAS 88 KTS 170 KTS to 202 KTS 60 KTS to 170 KTS 56 KTS to 1 I 1 KTS 2.7 POWER PLANT LIMITATIONS (a) Number of Engines 2 (b) Engine Manufacturer Lycoming (c) Engine Model No. Left TO-360-E1A6D • Right LTO-360-E I A6D (d) Engine Operating Limits (1) Maximum Horsepower 180 (2) Maximum Rotation Speed (RPM) 2575 (3) Maximum Manifold Pressure 36.5" Hg (4) Maximum Cylinder Head Temperature 500° F (5) Maximum Oil Temperature 245° F (e) Oil Pressure Minimum (red line) 15 PSI Maximum (red line) 115 PSI (f) Fuel Pressure Minimum (red line) 13 PSI Maximum (red line) 35 PSI (g) Fuel (minimum grade) 100 or IOOLL Aviation Grade (h) Number of Propellers 2 (i) Propeller Manufacturer Hartzell (j) Propeller Hub and Blade Models (1) Standard (Two Blade) • Left HC-C2YR-2C ( )UF/ FC7666A-2R Right H C-C2YR-2CL( )UF/ FJC7666A-2R ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 REPORT: VB-1100 REVISED: JULY 9, 1980 2-3 SECTION 2 PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION LIMITATIONS PA-. 44-180T, TURBO SEMINOLE (2) Optional (Three Blade) Left Right (k) Propeller Diameter (1) Standard (Two Blade) Maximum Minimum (2) Optional (Three Blade) Maximum Minimum HC-C3YR-2( )UF/ FC-7663-5 R HC-C3YR-2L( )UF/ 411)FJC-7663-5R 74 IN. 72 IN. 73 IN. 72 IN. 2.9 POWER PLANT INSTRUMENT MARKINGS (a) Tachometer Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) 500 to 2575 RPM Red Line (Maximum) 2575 RPM (b) Manifold Pressure Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) 10 to 36.5 in. Hg. Red Line (Maximum) 36.5 in. Hg. (c) Oil Temperature Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) 75° to 245°F Red Line (Maximum) 245° F (d) Oil Pressure Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) 60 PSI to 90 PSI Yellow Arc (Caution Range) (Idle) 15 PSI to 60 PSI Yellow Arc (Ground Warm-Up) 90 PSI to 115 PSI Red Line (Minimum) 15 PSI Red Line (Maximum) 115 PSI or Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) 55 PSI to 90 PSI Yellow Arc (Caution Range) (Idle) 15 PSI to 55 PSI Yellow Arc (Ground Warm-Up) 90 PSI to 115 PSI Red Line (Minimum) 15 PSI Red Line (Maximum) 115 PSI (e) Fuel Pressure Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) 13 PSI to 35 PSI Red Line (Minimum) 13 PSI Red Line (Maximum) 35 PSI REPORT: VB-1100 ISSUED: MARCH 14, 1980 2-4 REVISED: FEBRUARY 19, 1982 •