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ROBINSON MODEL R22

Robinson R22 Beta · Specifications

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Overview

This document provides detailed specifications and limitations for the Robinson R22 helicopter series, including the R22 Alpha, R22 Beta, and R22 Mariner. It is intended for pilots and operators to ensure safe operation of the helicopter, covering critical information such as airspeed limits, rotor speed limits, powerplant limitations, weight limits, and center of gravity limits. The document outlines the necessary precautions and operational guidelines to maintain safety during flight operations, including restrictions on aerobatic maneuvers and flight in adverse conditions. It serves as an essential reference for understanding the operational parameters and limitations of the R22 series helicopters.

  • Never-exceed airspeed (VNE) is 102 KIAS up to 3000 feet density altitude.
  • Maximum gross weight for R22 Beta is 1370 lb (622 kg).
  • Maximum continuous engine speed is 104% (2652 RPM).
  • Aerobatic flight is prohibited; abrupt control inputs can cause failure.
  • Minimum crew requirement is one pilot in the right seat.

Document

Source

Originally published by robinsonstrapistorprod.blob.core.windows.net. Sprinkle hosts a reference copy with an added summary, specifications and searchable full text.

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Document details

Type
Specifications
Year
2009
Pages
18
File size
491 KB
Publisher
robinsonstrapistorprod.blob.core.windows.net

Specifications & performance

Extracted from this document.

Specifications

Engine model
O-320-A2B
Max speed (kt)
102
Fuel capacity (gal)
30.7
Service ceiling (ft)
14,000
Max takeoff weight (lb)
1,370

Performance

Max crosswind (kt)
25

V-speeds

VNE
102

Weight & balance

Baggage allowance (lb)
50
Max takeoff weight (lb)
1,370
How rare is it?
2,067Robinson R22 Beta registered worldwide · 1,475 active

Common. One of the most common aircraft types we track.

Documentation completeness
4/7

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In this document

Airspeed Limits

The document specifies the never-exceed airspeed (VNE) for the Robinson R22 as 102 KIAS up to 3000 feet density altitude. For altitudes above 3000 feet, pilots should refer to the placards provided in the manual.

Rotor Speed Limits

Rotor speed limits are defined for both power-on and power-off conditions. The maximum rotor speed during power-on is 104% (530 RPM), while the minimum is 101% (515 RPM). For power-off, the maximum is 110% (561 RPM) and the minimum is 90% (459 RPM). Transient operation at lower RPM is permitted for emergency procedures training.

Weight Limits

The maximum gross weight for the standard and HP models is 1300 lb (590 kg), while for the Alpha, Beta, and Beta II models, it is 1370 lb (622 kg). The minimum gross weight is 920 lb (417 kg), with a maximum per seat limit of 240 lb (109 kg) and a maximum of 50 lb (23 kg) in either baggage compartment.

Powerplant Limitations

The R22 is equipped with one Lycoming Model O-320-A2B, -A2C, -B2C, or O-360-J2A engine. Key operating limits include a maximum continuous engine speed of 104% (2652 RPM) and a maximum transient speed of 106% (2700 RPM). The maximum cylinder head temperature is 500°F (260°C), and oil pressure must be maintained between 25 psi (minimum during idle) and 95 psi (maximum during flight).

Flight and Maneuver Limitations

Aerobatic flight is prohibited, and abrupt control inputs may lead to catastrophic failure of critical components. The maximum operating density altitude is 14,000 feet, and flight is prohibited in known icing conditions. A functioning headset must be worn by each pilot, and solo flight is permitted only from the right seat.

Safety notes

  • Flight prohibited with governor selected off, except for in-flight system malfunction or emergency procedures training.
  • Flight in known icing conditions is prohibited.
  • Abrupt control inputs may produce high fatigue stresses and cause catastrophic failure of a critical component.

Full document text

ROBINSON MODEL R22 General SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS CONTENTS SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS Page 2-1 Color Code for Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Airspeed Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Rotor Speed Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Powerplant Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Weight Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Center of Gravity Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Flight and Maneuver Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Kinds of Operation Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 Fuel Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 7 Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Placards ............................... 2-10 Information per FAA AD 95-26-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15 FAA APPROVED: 23 DEC 2009 2-i INTENTIONALLY BLANK ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS GENERAL This section includes operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic placards required for safe operation of the helicopter, its engine, and other standard systems. The helicoper is approved as a normal category rotorcraft under FAA Type Certificate No. H10WE as Models R22, R22 Alpha, R22 Beta, and R22 Mariner. COLOR CODE FOR INSTRUMENT MARKINGS Red Operating limit. Edge of red line indicates limit. Pointer should not enter red during normal operation. Yellow Precautionary or special operating procedure range. Green Normal operating range. AIRSPEED LIMITS NEVER-EXCEED AIRSPEED (VNE) Up to 3000 feet density altitude: 102 KIAS Above 3000 feet density altitude, see placards on page 2-11. FAA APPROVED: 26 JUN 2012 2-1 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 17 NOV 2021 2-2 ROTOR SPEED LIMITS Power On Maximum Minimum* 104% (530 RPM) 101% (515 RPM)** Power Off Maximum Minimum 110% (561 RPM) 90% (459 RPM) *Transient operation at lower RPM permitted for emergency procedures training. **97% (495 RPM) permitted on R22s with O-320 engine and tachometer with 97% to 104% green arc installed. POWERPLANT LIMITATIONS ENGINE One Lycoming Model O-320-A2B, -A2C, -B2C, or O-360-J2A. OPERATING LIMITS Engine Speed Maximum continuous 104% (2652 RPM) Maximum transient*** 106% (2700 RPM) Cylinder Head Max Temperature 500°F (260°C) Oil Maximum Temperature 245°F (118°C) Oil Pressure Minimum during idle 25 psi Minimum during flight 55 psi Maximum during flight 95 psi Maximum during start & warm up 115 psi Oil Quantitiy, minimum for takeoff 4 qt (3.8 liters) Manifold Pressure: See placards on pages 2-10 and 2-11 for MAP schedules. ***Intentional operation above maximum continuous speed prohibited. FAA APPROVED: 5 MAR 2015 2-3 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS WEIGHT LIMITS Maximum gross weight – Standard & HP 1300 lb (590 kg) Maximum gross weight – Alpha, Beta, and Beta II 1370 lb (622 kg) Minimum gross weight 920 lb (417 kg) Maximum per seat including baggage compartment 240 lb (109 kg) Maximum in either baggage compartment 50 lb (23 kg) CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITS See figures on pages 2-4 and 2-5. Reference datum is 100 inches forward of main rotor shaft centerline. NOTE With both doors installed, a solo pilot plus baggage weight of 135 lb (61 kg) or greater will ensure CG within limits. For lower weight, compute weight and balance; removable ballast may be required to obtain CG at or forward of aft limit. (See Loading Instructions in Section 6.) ROB INSON MOD EL R22 SEC T I ON 2 LIMITATIONS FUSELAGE STATION (IN. FROM DATUM) 95 96 97 98 99 1 00 101 1 02 103 1400 Cl ...J 1300 I- :r 1 200 C, iii ==II) 1100 II) 0 a: C, 1 000 900 3 R 2 R a; 1 R C, 0 ~ ...J <a: w I- 1 L <...J 2 L 3 L ... 96 .5 I ... / "',t!1225 ... ~ -1130 - <i - MAIN 2.7 ROTOR ............_ - ...... .... 101.5- / ' 95.5 ......_ l_1.2R - t...., 0.8L - .._ .,,,,,. -0.7L ' ,,,.,..,... " ~ .,,,,,..,,,,,.. 2.2L~__,,., I I 97.5 I I I I I I I I I 242 244 246 2 4 8 250 252 254 256 258 260 FUSELAGE STATI ON (C M FROM DATUM) R22 STANDARD A ND HP CENTER OF GRAVIT Y LIM ITS - - - FAA APPROVED: 1 J UL 2005 650 600 C, ~ 550 I- :r C, iii == 500 II) II) 0 a: 450 C, 400 6 4 :e 0 2 I C, 0 0 ...J <a: - 2 w I- <...J -4 -6 2-4 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 1 JUL 2005 2-5 R22 ALPHA, BETA, AND BETA II CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITS FAA APPROVED: 22 FEB 2024 2-6 ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FLIGHT AND MANEUVER LIMITATIONS Aerobatic flight prohibited. CAUTION Abrupt control inputs may produce high fatigue stresses and cause catastrophic failure of a critical component. Low-G cyclic pushovers prohibited. CAUTION A pushover (forward cyclic maneuver) performed from level flight or following a pull-up causes a low-G (near weightless) condition which can result in catastrophic loss of lateral control. To eliminate a low-G condition, immediately apply gentle aft cyclic. Should a roll commence during a low-G condition, apply gentle aft cyclic to reload rotor before applying lateral cyclic to stop the roll. Flight prohibited with governor selected off, with exceptions for in-flight system malfunction or emergency procedures training. Flight in known icing conditions prohibited. Maximum operating density altitude 14,000 feet. Alternator, RPM governor, low rotor RPM warning system, and OAT gage must be operational for dispatch. Minimum crew is one pilot in the right seat. A flight instructor may act as pilot in command from the left seat. Solo flight from right seat only. Left seat belt must be buckled. Operation approved with either or both cabin doors removed. Loose items in cabin must be properly secured during doors-off flight. A functioning headset must be worn by each pilot. ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 20 JUN 2019 2-7 KINDS OF OPERATION LIMITATIONS

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VFR day and night operations are approved. VFR operation at night is permitted only when landing, navigation, instrument, and anti-collision lights are opera- tional. Orientation during night flight must be maintained by visual reference to ground objects illuminated solely by lights on the ground or adequate celestial illumination. Note: There may be additional requirements in countries outside the United States. FUEL LIMITATIONS APPROVED FUEL GRADES Grade Color Specification 100 Green ASTM D910 100LL Blue 100VLL Blue UL 91 Clear to Yellow (no dye) ASTM D7547 UL 94 HJELMCO 91/96 UL Clear to Yellow (no dye) Hjelmco Oil, Inc. Sollentuna, Sweden 91 Yellow TU 38.5901481-96 Ukrainian National Standard B91/115 Green GOST 1012-72 Russian National Standard B95/130 Amber ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 11 MAY 2020 2-8 FUEL LIMITATIONS (cont’d) FUEL CAPACITY Total Capacity US gallons (liters) Usable Capacity US gallons (liters) Tanks with bladders: Main tank 18.3 (69) 16.9 (64) Auxiliary tank 9.7 (37) 9.4 (36) Combined capacity 28.0 (106) 26.3 (100) Tanks without bladders: Main tank 19.8 (75) 19.2 (73) Auxiliary tank 10.9 (41) 10.5 (40) Combined capacity 30.7 (116) 29.7 (112) Note: Per R22 Service Bulletin SB-109A, fuel tanks without bladders should no longer be in service. INSTRUMENT MARKINGS AIRSPEED INDICATOR Green arc 50 to 102 KIAS Red line 102 KIAS ROTOR TACHOMETER Yellow arc 60 to 70% Lower red line 90 % Lower Yellow arc 90 to 101%* Green arc 101 to 104%* Upper Yellow arc 104 to 110% Upper red line 110% ENGINE TACHOMETER Yellow arc 60 to 70% Lower red arc 90 to 101%* Green arc 101 to 104%* Upper red arc 104 to 110% *R22s with O-320 engine may have tachometer with green arc from 97% to 104% RPM. ROBINSON MODEL R22 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS INSTRUMENT MARKINGS {cont'd) OIL PRESSURE* Lower red line Lower yellow arc Green arc Upper yellow arc Upper red line 25 psi 25 to 55 psi 55 to 95 psi 95 to 115 psi 115 psi * Earlier gages show green arc from 60 to 90 psi and upper red line at 100 psi. OIL TEMPERATURE Green arc Red line 75t0245°f(24tO 118°C) 245°F (118°C) CYLINDER HEAD TEMPERATURE Green arc Red line MANIFOLD PRESSURE 200to500°F(93to 260°C) 500°F (260°C) Yellow arcs denote variable MAP limits. See placards on pages 2-10 and 2-11. Standard R22 (0-320-A2B or -A2C Engine) Yellow arc 23.2 to 25.9 in. Hg Red line 25.9 in. Hg HP and Alpha (0-320-82C Engine) Yellow arc 21.0 to 24.1 in. Hg Red line 24. 1 in. Hg Beta (0-320-B2C Engine) Yellow arc Red line Beta II (0-360-J2A Engine) Yellow arc Red line 21.0 to 25.2 in. Hg 25.2 in. Hg 19.6 to 24.1 in. Hg 24.1 in. Hg CARBURETOR AIR TEMPERATURE Yellow arc -15 to 5°C FAA APPROVED: 1 JUL 2005 2-9 ROBINSON MODEL R22 PLACARDS SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS In clear view and readable by pilot in flight: 26 LIMIT MANIFOLD PRESSURE Standard R22 MAP. 0-320-A2B or 25 /:-. + . '~ A2C Engine IN. ()-. 24 ,< HG. 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 PRESSURE ALT. 1000 FEET LIMIT MANIFOLD PRESSURE R22 HP and Alpha 0-320-B2C Engine MAP. R22 Beta IN. 221---+--+==::::..+....::::::-+-~-F-~ HG. 21t---+--+--t---+--+---+--+-'...,-f 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 PRESSUREALT.1000 FEET LIMIT MANIFOLD PRESSURE 5 MINUTE TAKEOFF RATING 7 8 0-320-B2C Engine 25 ORMCP BTRACT INCH MAP. MAP. 24t-:::::'.""T'"-T"=-t---=::::--f",r:- IN. HG. 221---+-~=--l---+--+---!=~i-=:::::--f 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 PRESSURE ALT. 1000 FEET FAA APPROVED: 13 OCT 2000 2-10 FAA APPROVED: 13 OCT 2000 2-11 ROBINSON MODEL R22 SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS PLACARDS (cont’d) R22 Beta II O-360-J2A Engine All R22s except Beta II R22 Beta II ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 20 JUN 2019 2-12 PLACARDS (cont’d) Near main fuel tank filler cap: FUEL 100 OCT MIN GRADE AVIATION GASOLINE or FUEL 91/96 MIN GRADE AVIATION GASOLINE or FUEL AVIATION GASOLINE – GRADE 100LL OR SEE PILOT’S HANDBOOK or R22s with O-320-A2B or -A2C engine may have: FUEL 80/87 MIN GRADE AVIATION GASOLINE Near aux fuel tank filler cap: AUX FUEL 100 OCT MIN GRADE AVIATION GASOLINE or AUX FUEL 91/96 MIN GRADE AVIATION GASOLINE or AUX FUEL AVIATION GASOLINE – GRADE 100LL OR SEE PILOT’S HANDBOOK ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 26 OCT 2016 2-13 PLACARDS (cont’d) Near shut-off valve: FUEL ON OFF Near main tank fuel gage: For bladder-style tank 16.9 US GAL For aluminum (non-bladder) tank 19.2 US GAL Near aux tank fuel gage: For bladder-style tank AUX 9.4 US GAL For aluminum (non-bladder) tank AUX 10.5 US GAL In clear view of both occupants: NO SMOKING In clear view of pilot (Alpha, Beta, and Beta II with aft battery installations): MINIMUM SOLO PILOT WEIGHT 130 LB (135 LB WITH FULL AUX FUEL) or SEE PILOT’S HANDBOOK FOR SOLO PILOT WEIGHT LESS THAN 135 LB (61KG) ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 26 OCT 2016 2-14 PLACARDS (cont’d) In clear view of pilot: THIS ROTORCRAFT APPROVED FOR DAY AND NIGHT VFR OPERATIONS LOW-G PUSHOVERS PROHIBITED On left-hand cyclic: SOLO FROM RIGHT SEAT ONLY On or near collective controls: NO STOWAGE KEEP AREA CLEAR Inside each baggage compartment: CAUTION DO NOT EXCEED ANY OF THE FOLLOWING: • COMPARTMENT CAPACITY: 50 LB MAX • COMBINED SEAT PLUS COMPARTMENT: 240 LB MAX • ROTORCRAFT GROSS WEIGHT LIMIT SEE ROTORCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS On carburetor air temperature gage: CAUTION BELOW 18 IN. MP, IGNORE GAGE & APPLY FULL CARB HEAT Near heater push-pull control when heater is installed: IN CASE OF ENGINE FIRE PUSH HEATER CONTROL TO OFF ROBINSON R22 SERIES SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS FAA APPROVED: 20 JUN 2019 2-15 INFORMATION PER FAA AD 95-26-04 The following limitations (1-3) are to be observed unless the pilot manipulating the controls has logged 200 or more flight hours in helicopters, at least 50 of which must be in the RHC Model R22 helicopter, and has completed the awareness training specified in Special Federal Aviation Regulation (SFAR) No. 73, issued February 27, 1995. 1. Flight when surface winds exceed 25 knots, including gusts, is prohibited. 2. Flight when surface wind gust spreads exceed 15 knots is prohibited. 3. Continued flight in moderate, severe, or extreme turbulence is prohibited. Adjust forward airspeed to between 60 knots indicated airspeed (KIAS) and 0.7 V ne but no lower than 57 KIAS, upon inadvertently encountering moderate, severe, or extreme turbulence. Note: Moderate turbulence is turbulence that causes: (1) changes in altitude or attitude; (2) variations in indicated airspeed; and (3) aircraft occupants to feel definite strains against seat belts. RHC NOTE This AD is issued by the FAA and is applicable to US-registered helicopters. INTENTIONALLY BLANK

Type certificate, explained

What's in the Robinson R22 Beta TCDS

A Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) is the FAA's record of what an aircraft type was approved as. It is the source of truth for weights, seating, fuel and the rules the design was certified against. Expand any line to see what it means.

TCDS H10WERev 10· Issued 1997
Read the full TCDS

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