Document
L
NASA Technical Memorandum 100887
AIAA-88-2963
Small Engine Components Test
Facility Turbine Testing Cell
(NhSA-TPl-lQO887) SHALL E H G I N E CORPONEUTS N 88- 2 20 37
TEST FACILITY TURBINE TESTING CELL ( N A S A )
CSCL 2 1 3
17 P
U n c l a s
G3/07 0142357
Brent C. Nowlin and Vincent G . Verhoff
Lewis Research Center
Cleveland, Ohio
Prepared for the
24th Joint Propulsion Conference
a
cosponsored by the AIAA, ASEE, ASME, and SAE
Boston, Massachusetts, July 11-13, 1988
SMALL ENGINE COMPONENTS TEST FACILITY TURBINE T E S T I N G CELL B r e n t C. Nowlin and V i n c e n t G . V e r h o f f N a t i o n a l A e r o n a u t i c s and Space A d m i n i s t r a t i o n Lewis Research C e n t e r C l e v e l a n d , O h i o 44135 e A b s t r a c t F i g . 3 . A p h o t o g r a p h of t h e f a c i l i t y t e s t r i g i s shown i n F i g . 4.
NASA Lewis Research C e n t e r has d e s i g n e d and c o n s t r u c t e d a new s t a t e - o f - t h e - a r t t e s t f a c i l i t y . F a c i 1 1 t y A i r Flow T h i s f a c i l i t y , c a l l e d t h e Small Engine Components T e s t F a c i l i t y ( S E C T F ) , i s used t o t e s t gas t u r b i n e s A schematic of t h e a l r system of t h e t u r b i n e and compressors a t c o n d i t i o n s s i m i l a r t o a c t u a l f a c i l i t y i s shown i n F i g . 5. The f a c i l i t y uses e n g i n e c o n d i t i o n s . The SECTF i s comprised of two a i r from a NASA Lewis 9 a t m ( 1 2 5 p s i g ) cornbustion s e p a r a t e f a c i l i t i e s - a t u r b i n e t e s t i n g c e l l and a a i r system. Combustion a \ r a t 14 a t m ( 2 0 0 p s l g ) compressor t e s t i n g c e l l . T h i s paper w i l l d e s c r i b e I s a l s o a v a i l a b l e . The a i r e n t e r s t h e f a c i l i t y t h e t u r b i n e t e s t i n g c e l l o n l y . t h r o u g h a 15.24 cm (6 i n . ) p i p e . A f t e r p a s s i n g flow e n t e r s t h r o u g h t h e i n l e t i s o l a t l o n v a l v e , t h e The c a p a b i 1 i t i e s o f t h e f a c i 1 1 t y make i t a 7 . 6 m ( 2 5 f t ) l o n g , 15.24 cm ( 6 i n . ) d i a m e t e r u n i q u e - n o o t h e r f a c i l i t y of i t s k l n d i s capable e l e c t r l c a l r e s i s t a n c e h e a t e r , r a t e d a t 250 k W o f c o m b i n i n g i t s p r e s s u r e , speed, and t e m p e r a t u r e ( 1 4 000 B t u l m i n ) o f o u t p u t h e a t . The t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e s . T u r b i n e i n l e t a i r ranges u p t o 9 a t m r a n g e o f t h e h e a t e r i s f r o m a m b i e n t t o 3 7 5 K (125 p r i g ) .
The t u r b i n e e x h a u s t p r e s s u r e ranges (675 O R ) , and t h e h e a t e r system c o n t r o l l a b i l i t y i s from 0.15 a t m ( 2 p s i a ) t o a t m o s p h e r i c p r e s s u r e . 21 K ( 1 . 8 O R ) a t t h e h e a t e r e x h a u s t .
T u r b i n e i n l e t a i r t e m p e r a t u r e s range from amblent t o 700 K (1260 O R ) . The c o n t r o l l a b l e speed o f t h e A i r flow t r a v e l s t o t h e t e s t c e l l t h r o u g h an t u r b i n e rotor ranges from 4000 t o 60 000 rpm and i n s u l a t e d p i p e . A f t e r p a s s i n g t h r o u g h t h e i n l e t t h e maximum power absorbed by t h e f a c l l t t y dynamom- p r e s s u r e c o n t r o l v a l v e , t h e c o m b u s t i o n a l r e n t e r s e t e r i s 1250 hp. The d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n system scans a v i t i a t i n g n a t u r a l gas c o m b u s t o r . The tempera- up t o 2000 c h a n n e l s l s e c . t u r e range a t t h e combustor e x i t i s from 422 t o 700 K (760 t o 1260 O R ) , w l t h an o v e r a l l c o n t r o l l a - T h i s p a p e r w i l l d i s c u s s i n d e t a l l t h e c a p a b i l - b i l i t y o f 21 K ( 1 . 8 O R ) . The c o m b u s t i o n a i r t h e n i t i e s of t h e f a c i l i t y , o v e r a l l f a c i l i t y d e s i g n , e n t e r s t h e r e s e a r c h t u r b i n e .
i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n used i n t h e f a c i l i t y , and t h e d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n system. A c t u a l r e s e a r c h d a t a i s n o t A f t e r p a s s i n g t h r o u g h t h e r e s e a r c h t u r b i n e , d i s c u s s e d . t h e a i r passes t h r o u g h t h e e x h a u s t p r e s s u r e con- t r o l v a l v e and i n t o e i t h e r t h e l a b o r a t o r y a l t i t u d e I n t r o d u c t i o n e x h a u s t system or t h e a t m o s p h e r i c e x h a u s t system.
For t u r b i n e e x h a u s t p r e s s u r e s f r o m 0 . 1 5 t o 1 atm ( 2 . 2 t o 1 4 . 7 p s i a ) , t h e a l t i t u d e e x h a u s t system i s Small gas t u r b i n e e n g i n e s p r o d u c i n g up t o 1200 k W (1600 h p ) have become i n c r e a s i n g l y p o p u l a r used; f o r t u r b i n e e x h a u s t p r e s s u r e s o f 1 atm i n b o t h t h e p u b l i c and p r i v a t e s e c t o r s . T y p i c a l ( 1 4 . 7 p s i a ) or h i g h e r , t h e a t m o s p h e r i c e x h a u s t sys a p p l i c a t i o n s of t h e s e e n g i n e s i n c l u d e m i l i t a r y tern i s used. A w a t e r s p r a y r i n g , l o c a t e d down- v e h i c l e s , power g e n e r a t o r s , and a v i a t i o n . However, v a l v e , s t r e a m of t h e e x h a u s t p r e s s u r e c o n t r o l a s m a l l gas t u r b i n e e n g i n e i s I n h e r e n t l y l e s s e f f i - c o n t r o l s t h e t e m p e r a t u r e o f t h e e x h a u s t a i r b e f o r e c i e n t t h a n i t s l a r g e r c o u n t e r p a r t . To s t u d y t h i s i t e n t e r s e i t h e r e x h a u s t system.
reduced e f f i c i e n c y and t h e reasons b e h i n d i t , NASA Lewis Research C e n t e r has d e s i g n e d and c o n s t r u c t e d The i n l e t p r e s s u r e i s c o n t r o l l e d by a modu- a new t e s t f a c i l i t y c o n s i s t i n g of a compressor l a t i n g g l o b e v a l v e , and t h e e x h a u s t p r e s s u r e i s t e s t i n g c e l l and a t u r b i n e t e s t i n g c e l l . c o n t r o l l e d by a b u t t e r f l y v a l v e . The v a l v e con- t r o l l e r s a l l o w each v a l v e t o be o p e r a t e d e i t h e r by The Small Engine Components T e s t F a c i l i t y s e t t i n g t h e v a l v e p o s l t i o n (manual o p e r a t i o n ) or ( S E C T F ) i s used t o t e s t t h e compressors and t u r - b y s e t t i n g t h e p r e s s u r e a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e v a l v e b i n e s f o r gas t u r b i n e e n g i n e s a t c o n d l t i o n s s l m i - ( a u t o m a t i c o p e r a t i o n ) . The p o s l t l o n or p r e s s u r e a s s o c i a t e d w i t h each v a l v e a r e I n p u t t o t h e i r l a r t o t h o s e found i n normal use. The c o n d i t i o n s a r e s c a l e d such t h a t t h e r e s e a r c h p r e s s u r e s and r e s p e c t i v e c o n t r o l l e r s , w h i c h a l l o w s t h e c o n t r o l - t e m p e r a t u r e s a r e reduced, w h i l e t h e Mach number i s l e r s t o c o n s t a n t l y a d j u s t each v a l v e p o s l t i o n as c o n d i t i o n s change. A 150 a t m (2200 p s i g ) hydrau- t h e same as would be f o u n d i n an a c t u a l e n g l n e .
l i c system d r i v e s t h e v a l v e s t o t h e c o r r e c t
The c a p a b i l i t i e s o f t h e f a c i l i t y make i t u n i q u e -
n o o t h e r f a c i l i t y o f i t s k i n d i s c a p a b l e o f combln- pos i t i on.
i n g i t s p r e s s u r e , speed, and t e m p e r a t u r e ranges.
R o t a t i n g EauiDment A n o t h e r p o i n t o f i n t e r e s t i s t h a t e i t h e r f a c i l i t y can be o p e r a t e d w i t h o n l y two p e o p l e - one t o oper- a t e t h e f a c i l i t y and a n o t h e r t o o p e r a t e t h e d a t a The r o t a t i n g equipment I n t h e f a c i l i t y con- s i s t s o f t h e t u r b i n e rotor, an i n - l i n e t o r q u e m e t e r , a c q u i s i t i o n system. T h i s paper w i l l d e s c r i b e o n l y t h e t u r b i n e f a c i l i t y . a speed-reducing gearbox, and an e d d y - c u r r e n t dyna- mometer. The t o r q u e m e t e r s h a f t i s c o n n e c t e d t o t h e The t u r b i n e f a c i l i t y c o n t r o l room i s shown i n g e a r b o x , w h i c h has a g e a r r a t i o o f 2 . 7 3 5 : l . The 1 . The f a c i l i t y o p e r a t o r ' s i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n gearbox t r a n s f e r s t h e g e n e r a t e d power t o t h e F i g .
dynamometer.
and c o n t r o l s a r e shown i n F i g . 2 ; t h e d a t a a c q u i s l - t i o n s y s t e m o p e r a t o r ' s i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n I s shown i n i n p u t t o t h e f a c i l i t y computer a r e p r e s s u r e s r e a d The t o r q u e m e t e r has t h r e e i n t e r c h a n g e a b l e s h a f t s w h i c h e n a b l e i t t o meet t h e speed and t o r q u e from an e l e c t r o n i c a l l y scanned p r e s s u r e system.
ranges needed f o r a g i v e n t e s t . S e l e c t i n g t h e Temperatures a r e measured u s i n g t h e r m o c o u p l e s .
a p p r o p r i a t e s h a f t p r o v i d e s improved a c c u r a c y o v e r t h e e n t i r e t o r q u e r a n g e . Toraue ranges f o r t h e The c o l d j u n c t i o n compensation i s made u s i n g t h e r - i n d i v i d u a l s h a f t s a r e n o m i n a l l y 0 t o 108 N-m (0 t o mocouple r e f e r e n c e b l o c k s , each b l o c k h o l d l n g up to 80 f t - l b ) , 0 t o 305 N-m (0 to 226 f t - l b ) , and 0 to 48 t h e r m o c o u p l e j u n c t i o n s . T e m p e r a t u r e - s e n s i t i v e p l a t i n u m r e s i s t o r s embedded i n t h e r e f e r e n c e b l o c k s 576 N-m (0 t o 427 f t - l b ) . The I n t e r c h a n g e a b l e s h a f t s a l l o w t h e torquemeter t o m a i n t a i n a measured d r e used to c o r r e c t for t h e t r a n s i t i o n from thermo- o f t h e f u l l - s c a l e c o u p l e a l l o y t o c o p p e r . C u r r e n t l y s i x b l o c k s a r e t o r q u e a c c u r a c y o f 0.1 p e r c e n t I n s t a l l e d , a l l o w i n g 288 t e m p e r a t u r e s t o be t o r q u e o f t h a t p a r t i c u l a r s h a f t . The t o r q u e m e t e r t r a n s d u c e r i s shown i n F i g . 6 . measured.
I n a d d i t i o n t o measuring t h e t o r q u e , t h e Probe a c t u a t o r s a r e used t o o b t a i n a p r o f i l e I f d e s i r e d , t h e o f p r e s s u r e s , t e m p e r a t u r e s , and, i f d e s i r e d , flow t o r q u e m e t e r a l s o measures speed.
a n g l e a c r o s s a r e g i o n . A p r e s s u r e p r o b e or thermo- t o r q u e m e t e r can be c o n f i g u r e d to d i s p l a y speed and power. The t o r q u e m e t e r m u l t i p l i e s t h e measured c o u p l e i s mounted on a p r o b e a c t u a t o r ; i f f l o w a n g l e i s measured as w e l l , a yaw p r o b e 1s mounted speed and t o r q u e t o o b t a i n t h e power. Speed I s t o t h e p r e s s u r e measured u s i n g a m a g n e t i c speed p i c k u p . Torque i s on t h e p r o b e a c t u a t o r i n a d d l t i o n nd b y s o l v i n g t h e f o l l o w i n g e q u a t i o n : p r o b e or t h e r m o c o u p l e . The p r o b e a c t u a t o r c o n t r o l - f o l e r c o n t i n u o u s l y r o t a t e s t h e yaw p r o b e u n t l l t h e T = C x (8 - z e r o o f f s e t ) p r e s s u r e d i f f e r e n c e a c r o s s t h e p r o b e measures z e r o , w h i c h o c c u r s when t h e p r o b e i s p o i n t i n g d i r e c t l y i n t o t h e flow. The p r o b e a c t u a t o r s a r e s t e p p e d I n t h i s e q u a t i o n , T i s the t o r q u e , C i s t h e s h a f t f f n r s s . 8 i s t h e phase d i f f e r e n c e o f speed s i g - a c r o s s a r e g i o n a u t o m a t i c a l l y , u s i n g p r e d e t e r m i n e d s t s a t o p p o s i t e ends o f t h e s h a f t , and z e r o o f f s e t s e t p o l n t s . The d a t a f o r each p o i n t i s s t o r e d i n na t h e d a t a system.
i s t h e r e a d i n g on t h e torquemeter when t h e s h a f t i s un 3aded.
Parameters d e a l i n g w i t h t h e r o t a t i n g t u r b i n e wheel i t s e l f a r e e q u a l l y i m p o r t a n t . A t o r q u e m e t e r , The dynamometer c o n t r o l s t h e speed and a b s o r b s t h e power generated b y t h e r e s e a r c h t u r - m e n t i o n e d b e f o r e , p r o v i d e s t h e d a t a system w i t h t o r q u e and speed s i g n a l s . The rotor t i p c l e a r a n c e b i n e . D i g i t a l c o n t r o l i s used i n t h e dynamometer, i s m o n i t o r e d u s i n g t o u c h p r o b e s . When t h e rotor and i t s c o n t r o l l a b l e speed r a n g e i s from 1500 t o 25 000 rpm, c o n t r o l l a b l e t o 510 rpm. The power r e a c h e s s u f f i c i e n t speed, t h e t o u c h p r o b e c o n t r o l - l e r r e c e i v e s a p e r m i s s i v e . T h i s p e r m i s s i v e , when absorbed by t h e dynamometer may range up t o 9 3 5 k W combined w i t h an o p e r a t o r - c o n t r o l l e d p u s h b u t t o n (1250 h p ) . The gearbox a l l o w s t h e t u r b i n e r o t o r t o a u t o m a t l c a l l y speed t o range from 4000 t o 60 000 rpm. The dyna- i n t e r l o c k , e n a b l e s t h e c o n t r o l l e r advance t h e p r o b e s t o w a r d t h e b l a d e s o f t h e r o t a t - mometer a l s o has t h e c a p a b i l i t y t o c o n t r o l t h e i n g r o t o r . When t h e probes a r e s u f f i c i e n t l y c l o s e , a c c e l e r a t i o n or d e c e l e r a t i o n of t h e r o t o r . The t h e p r o b e s send a low e n e r g y a r c a c r o s s t h e a i r gap t o r q u e m e t e r , gearbox, and dynamometer a r e shown i n F i g . 7 . between t h e p r o b e t i p and r o t o r b l a d e . When t h e p r o b e c o n t r o l l e r s sense t h e a r c , t h e y d i s p l a y t h e gap i n m i l s and p r o v i d e an a n a l o g s i g n a l r e p r e s e n t - The l u b r i c a t i o n systems f o r t h e r o t a t i n g m a c h i n e r y a r e m o n i t o r e d f o r f l o w , t e m p e r a t u r e , and i n g t h e gap. The c o n t r o l l e r s t h e n r e t r a c t t h e p r o b e t o t h e datum p o s i t i o n , w h i c h 1s even w i t h t h e p r e s s u r e . W i t h t h e e x c e p t i o n o f t h e r e s e a r c h t u r - t u r b i n e c a s i n g w a l l . The probes t h e n c o n t i n u o u s l y b i n e and t o r q u e m e t e r , each module has i t s own sepa- advance, a r c , and r e t r a c t . T h i s p r o c e s s c o n t i n u e s r a t e l u b r i c a t i o n system. The t u r b i n e and t o r q u e - u n t i l i t i s e i t h e r h a l t e d m a n u a l l y ( o p e r a t o r i n t e r - meter share a common pump and r e s e r v o i r . Each system a l s o has a backup pump i n case t h e p r i m a r y v e n t i o n ) , b y t h e speed d r o p p i n g below t h e s e t p o l n t pump f a i l s . (loss o f p e r m i s s i v e ) , o r by an emergency shutdown.
The backup pumps a r e d r i v e n b y an aux- 1 1 i a r y a i r system, and are a u t o m a t i c a l l y engaged P r e s s u r e s measured by d i s c r e t e t r a n s d u c e r s b y a l o w p r e s s u r e s w i t c h .
a r e a l s o used i n t h e d a t a system. Among t h e s e p r e s s u r e s a r e t h e r e f e r e n c e , check, and c o n t r o l A t h r u s t b a l a n c e system i s used t o m a i n t a i n p r e s s u r e s f o r t h e p r e s s u r e s c a n n i n g system. Also t h e r o t o r b e a r i n g p r e l o a d by p r e s s u r i z i n g a b a l a n c e i n c l u d e d i n t h e d i s c r e t e p r e s s u r e t r a n s d u c e r l i s t p i s t o n mounted on t h e r o t o r s h a f t . An a u x i l i a r y a i r system i s used to p r e s s u r i z e t h e b a l a n c e p i s - a r e p r e s s u r e s m o n i t o r i n g o p e r a t i n g c o n d f t i o n s such as l u b r i c a t i n g o i l p r e s s u r e s , t h r u s t b a l a n c e p r e s - t o n . T h i s system uses the b a l a n c e p i s t o n s u p p l y s u r e s , w a t e r p r e s s u r e s , and a u x i l i a r y a i r system p r e s s u r e and t h e p r e s s u r e d r o p a c r o s s t h e r o t o r as p r e s s u r e .
i n p u t s . The o u t p u t of the system i s t h e p o s i t i o n o f t h e t h r u s t b a l a n c e p i s t o n .
Most f l o w s a r e measured u s i n g t u r b i n e flow- m e t e r s . Among t h e s e a r e l u b r i c a t i n g o i l and n a t u - D a t a System
I
r a l gas f l o w s . The f a c i l i t y i n l e t a i r flow, w h i c h R e j e a r c h d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n i s accompli shed by i s a r e s e a r c h p a r a m e t e r , i s c a l c u l a t e d from p r e s - s u r e s a c r o s s a c a l i b r a t e d v e n t u r i .
u s i n g a d i s t r i b u t e d d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n system, w h i c h a l l o w s t h e f a c i l i t y computer hardware t o scan up t o 2000 c h a n n e l s / s e c . E x i s t i n g computer hardware i n P r e s s u r e System t h e f a c i l i t y a l l o w s up t o 512 a n a l o g channels and a p p r o x i m a t e l y I500 o t h e r channels t o be scanned. The e l e c t r o n i c a l l y scanned p r e s s u r e system i s Among t h e a n a l o g channels a r e t h e r m o c o u p l e s , a c t u - used f o r m e a s u r i n g l a r g e numbers of r e s e a r c h p r e s - s u r e s . C u r r e n t l y , t h e system c o n t a i n s s i x sensor a t o r p o s i t i o n s , torquemeter d a t a , t i p c l e a r a n c e measurements, p r e s s u r e t r a n s d u c e r s , and f r e q u e n c y - modules o f 32 c h a n n e l s each, f o r a t o t a l of 192 Among t h e o t h e r i n p u t c h a n n e l s c h a n n e l s . T h i s number can be i n c r e a s e d t o a to-dc c o n v e r t e r s .
maximum o f 1024 c h a n n e l s b y a d d l n g a d d i t i o n a l pres- The f a c l l l t y h o s t computer c o n v e r t s t h e d a t a s u r e modules. Each channel i n each module has l t s f r o m t h e i n t e r f a c e u n i t , w h i c h is i n m i l l i v o l t s , own d i f f e r e n t i a l p r e s s u r e t r a n s d u c e r . C u r r e n t l y , t o e n g l n e e r i n g u n i t s . S e v e r a l s t a n d a r d c o n v e r s l o n a l l t r a n s d u c e r s i n t h e p r e s s u r e system a r e t 3 atm r u l e s a r e a v a i l a b l e , as w e l l as u s e r - d e f i n e d c u r v e (245 p s i ) d i f f e r e n t i a l . The sensor modules are f i t s . I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e c o n v e r s l o n r u l e s from m i l l i v o l t s to e n g i n e e r i n g u n i t s , each p a r a m e t e r c o n t r o l l e d by t h e p r e s s u r e system d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n and c o n t r o l u n i t (DACU). The DACU a l s o c o n t r o l s may be p o s t - c o n v e r t e d . P o s t c o n v e r s l o n a l l o w s t h e t h e p r e s s u r e c a l i b r a t e u n l t, w h l c h a1 lows on-1 i n e o p e r a t o r t o o b s e r v e and r e c o r d t h e d a t a I n any d e s l r e d form.
c a l i b r a t i o n o f t h e modules. A b l o c k d l a g r a m of t h e p r e s s u r e system i s shown l n F l g . 8, and a b l o c k d i a g r a m o f t h e DACU 1s shown I n F l g . 9. The d a t a 1s d i s p l a y e d i n r e a l - t i m e b y u s i n g C R T s w l t h a n u m e r i c a l e n t r y p a n e l as an o p e r a t o r The p r e s s u r e s c a n n i n g system i s a b l e t o c a l i - i n t e r f a c e . I m p o r t a n t p a r a m e t e r s a r e d l s p l a y e d o n I n d i v i d u a l d l g i t a l d i s p l a y s ( I D D s ) , w h l c h e n a b l e s b r a t e i t s e l f a u t o m a t i c a l l y d u r i n g a t e s t r u n . The t l m e i n t e r v a l between c a l i b r a t l o n s 1s u s e r - t h e o p e r a t o r s t o moni tor t h e s e p a r a m e t e r s more eas- i l y . C R T and IDD u p d a t e t i m e is once p e r second.
s p e c i f i e d , t y p i c a l l y 20 mln. A f t e r t h e t l m e p e r l o d ( w h i c h i s d i s p l a y e d o n t h e f a c l l l t y CRTs) e x p i r e s , R e l a t e d d a t a , b o t h measured and c a l c u l a t e d , i s p u t t h e p r e s s u r e c a l i b r a t e u n i t uses known p r e s s u r e s i n t o a page f o r m a t and t h e pages a r e t h e n s e l e c t e d for v i e w i n g o n t h e CRTs b y t h e o p e r a t o r s . A p r i n t - t o r e c a l i b r a t e i t s e l f , t h u s e n a b l i n g t h e p r e s s u r e s c a n n i n g system t o a l w a y s m a i n t a l n a system accu- o u t of any CRT s c r e e n may be g e n e r a t e d a t any t i m e .
R e a l - t l m e d a t a d i s p l a y e n a b l e s p r o b l e m s t o be l d e n - r a c y of 0.1 p e r c e n t .
i s s t l l l I n p r o g r e s s , w h i c h t l f i e d w h i l e t h e r u n a l l o w s t h e o p e r a t o r s t o be aware o f and c o r r e c t The sensor module t r a n s d u c e r s a r e c a l i b r a t e d by a p p l y i n g known p r e s s u r e s o f 0.68, 2.04, and problems b e f o r e t h e d a t a i s r e c o r d e d . T h i s a b l l - 3.4 atm (10, 30, and 50 p s l a ) t o t h e t r a n s d u c e r s l t y i n t h e d a t a system saves b o t h t l m e and e n e r g y .
The r e a l - t i m e monl t o t i n g o f o p e r a t l n g c o n d i t i o n s and c a l c u l a t i n g t h e n e c e s s a r y c o e f f l c l e n t s for each i n d i v i d u a l t r a n s d u c e r . The c a l l b r a t l o n p r e s s u r e s 1 s d e s i r a b l e w l t h r o t a t l n g equlpment because i t a r e measured by p r e c i s i o n q u a r t z t r a n s d u c e r s . A p r o v i d e s a w a r n i n g of lmpending damage p r i o r t o t h e damage o c c u r r i n g . Thus, t h e o p e r a t o r can t a k e p r e s s u r e o f 1.02 a t m ( 1 5 p s i a ) , a p p l l e d t o t h e r e f - e r e n c e s i d e o f t h e sensor module t r a n s d u c e r s , c o r r e c t i v e a c t l o n t o p r e v e n t many p r o b l e m s .
a l l o w s t h e p r e s s u r e system t o measure a range from O n - l i n e c a l c u l a t i o n s a r e p e r f o r m e d o n t h e 0 . 1 5 t o 4 atm (2.20 t o 58.8 p s l a ) . The DACU gener- a t e s a l i n e a r c u r v e f i t for t h i s r a n g e u s i n g the measured p a r a m e t e r s , and a r e a v a l l a b l e f o r d i s p l a y a l o n g w l t h t h e measured p a r a m e t e r s . Examples of e l e c t r i c a l s i g n a l s o b t a l n e d from t h e c a l i b r a t l o n .
c a l c u l a t e d p a r a m e t e r s i n c l u d e p r e s s u r e r a t l o a c r o s s The DACU matches t h e measured p r e s s u r e s ( t h a t i s , t h e e l e c t r l c a l s i g n a l s g e n e r a t e d b y each p r e s s u r e t h e t u r b i n e , a i r flow, l u b r l c a t l o n o i l flow, and average p r e s s u r e s a c r o s s a r e g i o n . O n - l i n e c a l c u - t r a n s d u c e r I n t h e s e n s o r modules) t o t h e p r e s s u r e l a t i o n s a r e d e s i r a b l e because t h i s d a t a i s v a l u a - c u r v e g e n e r a t e d d u r i n g c a l i b r a t i o n . A 2.72 atm b l e f o r s p e c i f y l n g and m a i n t a i n i n g t e s t c o n d l t l o n s ( 4 0 p s i a ) p r e s s u r e i s used as a known check pres- t o v e r i f y p r o p e r system o p e r a t i o n . and p r o v i d e s o n - l i n e f a c l l l t y o p e r a t i n g p a r a m e t e r s .
s u r e If, for some r e a s o n , a c h a n n e l is n o t v a l i d , The e l e c t r i c a l s l g n a l s of t h e p r e s s u r e system t h e d a t a system a l l o w s t h e o p e r a t o r t o a t t a c h a a r e m u l t i p l e x e d i n t o a d e s k t o p computer, which p e r - f o r m s t h e n u m e r i c a l a n a l y s i s and p a c k a g l n g of t h e s o f t w a r e t a g t o t h a t channel (code o u t ) . Codlng o u t a channel p r e v e n t s t h a t c h a n n e l from b e l n g d a t a b e f o r e s e n d i n g i t t o t h e f a c l l l t y h o s t com- used i n any c a l c u l a t l o n s l n v o l v l n g i t . An example p u t e r . The d e s k t o p computer a l s o a c t s as a master o f an i n v a l l d channel would be a d e f e c t i v e s e n s o r .
t o t h e p r e s s u r e system. E l e c t r i c a l mu1 t l p l e x i n g Coded o u t c h a n n e l s a r e s t i l l u p d a t e d and can be of t h e p r e s s u r e s l g n a l s e n a b l e s t h e system t o a c q u i r e t h e p r e s s u r e d a t a much f a s t e r t h a n If pneu- coded I n a t any t l m e . V a r i o u s l e v e l s of c o d e o u t s a r e a v a i l a b l e and a l l o w for d i f f e r e n t methods of m a t i c m u l t i p l e x l n g i s used.
managing t h e c a l c u l a t l o n s l n v o l v l n g any coded o u t o f h a n d l l n g c o d e o u t s F a c l l i t y D a t a A C Q U l S l t l O n c h a n n e l . The d i f f e r e n t ways e n a b l e t h e d a t a system t o m a i n t a i n m e a n l n g f u l c a l - c u l a t l o n s . A channel may a l s o be s u b s t l t u t e d f o r A b l o c k d i a g r a m o f t h e d a t a system is shown a n o t h e r channel or be f o r c e d t o a c e r t a i n v a l u e , i n F l g . 10. A n a l o g i n p u t s t o t h e system range from and t h e s u b s t l t u t e d f o r f o r c e d v a l u e w i l l be used 5 mV t o 10.24 V f u l l s c a l e . The s l g n a l s a r e m u l t l - i n t h e c a l c u l a t i o n s i n v o l v l n g t h a t c h a n n e l .
p l e x e d and t h e n a m p l l f l e d t o t h e 10.24 V l e v e l .
The m u l t i p l e x e d , a m p l i f i e d s l g n a l s a r e t h e n I n p u t P r e - s e l e c t e d c h a n n e l s and c a l c u l a t l o n s a r e t o an a n a l o g - t o - d i g l t a l c o n v e r t e r ( A D O . A d l g l - checked for l l m i t v i o l a t i o n s . If a p a r a m e t e r i s t i z e r i s used for t h e m u l t l p l e x i n g , a m p l l f y l n g , o u t s l d e of t h e a l l o w a b l e r a n g e a s s l g n e d t o i t , t h e and ADC of t h e a n a l o g s l g n a l s . The ADC i s 13 b l t p l u s s i g n , g l v i n g a f u l l s c a l e b i n a r y v a l u e of channel 1 s d i s p l a y e d i n r e v e r s e v l d e o o n t h e CRTs.
I n a d d i t l o n t o d l s p l a y i n g t h e c h a n n e l l n r e v e r s e -8191 t o +8191. The d a t a from t h e ADC 1 s then CRT page may be c r e a t e d w h l c h d l s p l a y s passed t o an i n p u t / o u t p u t i n t e r f a c e u n l t, which v i d e o , a a l l c h a n n e l s i n l i m i t v i o l a t i o n s . A CRT s c r e e n o f uses t h e IEEE-488 bus t o t r a n s f e r t h e d i g ! t l z e d d a t a t o t h e h o s t computer. The i n t e r f a c e U n i t t h i s t y p e o f page i s shown I n F i g . 1 1 . I f d e s i r e d , a l a r m s and shutdowns may be t r l g g e r e d from l l m i t a1 so has t h e f e a t u r e s o f f r e q u e n c y - t o - d i g i t a l con- v i o l a t i o n s . C u r r e n t l y , a1 1 shutdown s l t u a t l o n s v e r s i o n , r e l a y o u t p u t s , d l g i t a l - t o - a n a l o g conver- a r e t r l g g e r e d from h a r d w l r e d systems e x t e r n a l t o s i o n , an i n p u t i s o l a t e d l a t c h , and a TTL i n p u t t h e d a t a system. Thus, I f t h e d a t a system f a i l s , l a t c h . The s i g n a l s g e n e r a t e d from t h e s e i n p u t / t h e f a c l l l t y 1s s t i l l p r o t e c t e d a g a l n s t p o t e n t l a l l y o u t p u t modules a r e m u l t i p l e x e d t o t h e I n t e r f a c e dangerous s i t u a t i o n s .
u n i t b u s .
The d a t a system c r e a t e s a h i s t o r y f i l e , w h i c h i n b o t h t h e X- and t h e Y - d i r e c t i o n s . These s i g - c o n t a i n s a b l o c k o f a l l parameters i n t h e d a t a sys- n a l s a r e i n p u t t o o s c l l l o s c o p e s . w h i c h a l l o w s an tem o v e r a s p e c i f i e d t i m e . The h i s t o r y f i l e i s a c c u r a t e r e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f t h e o r b l t s o f t h e s h a f t s c o n t i n u o u s l y u p d a t e d d u r i n g t h e r u n . A s i g n l f l - t o be o b s e r v e d . The s h a f t d l s p l a c e m e n t s c a n n o t c a n t e v e n t such as h i g h t u r b l n e v i b r a t i o n s w i l l d i r e c t l y t r i g g e r an emergency shutdown; l f t h e p r e v e n t u p d a t i n g , or " f r e e z e , " t h e h i s t o r y f i l e .
o r b l t s become t o o l a r g e , t h e v i b r a t i o n s w i l l be Tt-e s i g n i f i c a n t e v e n t i s u s e r - s p e c i f i e d . F r e e z i n g t r a n s m i t t e d t o t h e b e a r i n g s .
t h e h i s t o r y f i l e c r e a t e s a permanent r e c o r d o f t h e I p a r a m e t e r s b e f o r e a n d / o r a f t e r t h e s i g n l f 1 c a n t B e a r i n g v i b r a t l o n s a r e m o n i t o r e d u s l n g a c c e l - o f t l m e b e f o r e and a f t e r t h e e v e n t . The l e n g t h e r o m e t e r s . The v i b r a t i o n l e v e l s i n i t i a t e an annun- s i g n i f i c a n t e v e n t i s u s e r - s p e c i f i e d . Up t o t h r e e c i a t o r I f o p e r a t o r a c t l o n i s r e q u i r e d t o c o r r e c t a h i s t o r y f i l e s may be c r e a t e d . I f a f a i l u r e does p o t e n t i a l l y hazardous s i t u a t i o n , and i n i t i a t e an I o c c u r , t h e h i s t o r y f i l e may be examined and t h e emergency shutdown i f t h e v i b r a t i o n l e v e l s become e v e n t s l e a d i n g up t o t h e f a i l u r e can be i d e n t i f i e d .
d a n g e r o u s l y l a r g e . A permanent r e c o r d of t h e v i b r a t i o n p a t t e r n s a r e saved on t a p e u s l n g an ana- A s i m u l a t i o n f i l e may a l s o be c r e a t e d by t h e l o g tape r e c o r d e r . The r o t o r speed and t h e t i m e u s e r . T h i s f i l e c o n t a i n s u s e r - d e f i n e d v a l u e s f o r code ( a s i g n a l c o n t a i n i n g t l m e - o f - y e a r I n f o r m a t i o n ) t h e d a t a system parameters, and L s u s u a l l y c r e a t e d a r e r e c o r d e d a l o n g w i t h t h e v i b r a t i o n p a t t e r n s . If o f f - l i n e . The d a t a system i s c a p a b l e o f comparing a p r o b l e m o c c u r s , t h e t a p e w l l l p r o v i d e a r e c o r d e d o n - l i n e p a r a m e t e r s t o t h e parameters i n t h e s i m u l a - h i s t o r y o f t h e a m p l i t u d e and f r e q u e n c y of t h e t i o n f i l e . A l l m e a s u r i n g d e v l c e s , as w e l l as o p e r - v i b r a t l o n c h a n n e l s f o r p o s t - f a l l u r e a n a l y s i s .
a t i n g c o n d i t i o n s , may be checked e i t h e r b e f o r e or a f t e r t h e r u n by t h i s comparison. The s i m u l a t i o n Shutdowns a v a i l a b l e on t h e t o r q u e m e t e r a r e f i l e i s a l s o u s e f u l f o r t r a i n i n g o p e r a t o r s and v e r - o f change of o v e r t o r q u e , o v e r s p e e d , e x c e s s i v e r a t e i f y i ng s o f twar'e mod 1 f i c a t lons .
t o r q u e , and e x c e s s l v e r a t e o f change o f speed.
Overspeed shutdown i s c u r r e n t l y o b t a i n e d from a F r e q u e n t l y used commands i n t h e d a t a system speed r e l a y i n s t e a d o f t h e t o r q u e m e t e r . The dyna- a r e i n c o r p o r a t e d i n a p u s h b u t t o n e n t r y p a n e l . mometer shutdown s t r i n g i s s e p a r a t e from t h e f a c i l - T h i s panel communicates t o t h e d a t a system v i a t h e i t y shutdown s t r i n g . Each s t r i n g i s i n t e r c o n n e c t e d R S - 2 3 2 C i n t e r f a c e . Among t h e commands a v a i l a b l e t o t h e o t h e r , however, so t h a t I n t h e e v e n t o f a on t h e panel a r e : store the c u r r e n t d a t a , s t e p dynamometer shutdown, t h e f a c i l i t y w i l l s h u t down, t h e a c t u a t o r s t h r o u g h t h e i r c y c l e and s t o r e t h e and i f t h e f a c i l i t y s h u t s down, t h e dynamometer d a t a , c a l i b r a t e or p r e v e n t c a l i b r a t i o n o f t h e e l e c - w i l l s h u t down. The f a c i l i t y i s d e s l g n e d i n t h l s t r o n i c a l l y scanned p r e s s u r e system, f r e e z e t h e h i s - way t o p r o t e c t a g a i n s t a s h a f t or c o u p l i n g b r e a k tory f i l e ( s ) , and o t h e r s . The f u n c t i o n o f each and t u r b i n e o v e r s p e e d . These a r e two p r i m a r y b u t t o n i s u s e r - d e f i n a b l e , and can be changed a t s a f e t y concerns w i t h r o t a t i n g m a c h i n e r y , and i n any t i m e . The p a n e l a l l o w s easy o p e r a t i o n of t h e e i t h e r case, t h e e n t i r e f a c l l l t y must be s h u t down d a t a system and g i v e s manual c o n t r o l o f some of i n an o r d e r l y b u t e x p e d i t i o u s manner.
t h e d a t a s y s t e m ' s n o r m a l l y a u t o m a t i c f u n c t i o n s .
When s t a r t i n g , n e i t h e r t h e f a c i l i t y i n t e r l o c k Also i n c l u d e d i n t h e d a t a system a r e a 71 i n t h e dynamometer shutdown s t r i n g n o r t h e dynamom- megabyte h a r d d i s k d r i v e , an 800 k i l o b y t e d u a l e t e r i n t e r l o c k i n t h e f a c i l i t y shutdown s t r i n g i s f l o p p y d i s k d r i v e , and a 95 megabyte s t r e a m i n g c l o s e d , t h u s t h e whole system 1s I n a shutdown t a p e d r i v e . These d e v l c e s a l l communicate w i t h s t a t e . To be a b l e t o s t a r t , one o f t h e i n t e r l o c k s t h e f a c i l i t y computer o v e r t h e IEEE-488 bus, and must be o v e r r i d d e n . A speed m o n i t o r i s used t o a r e used t o s t o r e a l l d a t a r e a d l n g s t a k e n b y t h e o v e r r i d e t h e dynamometer i n t e r l o c k b e l o w 1000 rpm, d a t a system. I n a d d i t i o n t o s t o r i n g t h e d a t a w h i c h e n a b l e s t h e rotor t o s t a r t r o t a t i o n . The l o c a l l y i n t h e f a c i l i t y , the r e a d l n g s a r e s e n t f a c i l i t y i s a l s o p r o t e c t e d a g a l n s t l o s s of speed ( v i a t h e RS-232C i n t e r f a c e ) t o a c e n t r a l computer s i g n a l t o t h e o v e r s p e e d r e l a y and t h e speed f o r s t o r a g e and p o s t - p r o c e s s i n g . The d a t a system m o n i t o r .
can be e a s i l y r e c o n f i g u r e d t o comply w i t h s e c u r e t e s t i n g g u i d e l i n e s .
Most o f t h e f a c l l l t y r e l a y l o g i c o u t s i d e of t h e t o r q u e m e t e r and speed r e l a y s i s i n c o r p o r a t e d F a c i l i t y S a f e t y I n s t r u m e n t a t i o n i n a programmable c o n t r o l l e r . T h i s a l l o w s g r e a t e r f l e x i b i l l t y i n t h e l o g i c and saves space t h a t The o p e r a t i n g c o n d i t i o n s o f t h e f a c i l i t y a r e would o t h e r w i s e be used b y r e l a y s . A l l f a c i l i t y m o n i t o r e d by systems o t h e r t h a n t h e d a t a a c q u i s i - shutdowns ( e x c e p t o v e r s p e e d and t o r q u e - r e l a t e d t i o n system. M e t e r r e l a y s d l s p l a y b e a r i n g tem- shutdowns, manual emergency shutdown, and dyno- p e r a t u r e s o f t h e r e s e a r c h t u r b i n e , t o r q u e m e t e r , m e t e r - i n \ t i a t e d shutdowns) a r e d e r i v e d from t h e g e a r b o x , and dynamometer. E l e c t r i c h e a t e r e x i t programmable c o n t r o l l e r . The programmable c o n t r o l - t e m p e r a t u r e , combustor e x i t t e m p e r a t u r e , and t u r - l e r a l s o d r i v e s w a r n i n g a n n u n c i a t o r s , w h i c h a r e b i n e i n l e t and e x h a u s t temperatures a r e a l s o moni- caused by f a u l t s i n t h e l u b r l c a t i n g o i l systems, t o r e d by meter r e l a y s . A l l m e t e r r e l a y s i n t h e u n s a f e c o m b u s t i o n a i r c o n d i t l o n s , and mechanical f a c i l i t y have two s e t p o i n t s : t h e f i r s t i s used t o problems i n t h e r e s e a r c h t u r b i n e . Any unsafe o p e r - t r i p a w a r n i n g a n n u n c i a t o r s h o u l d t h e t e m p e r a t u r e a t i n g c o n d i t i o n causes a w a r n i n g a n n u n c i a t o r f i r s t .
m o n i t o r e d by a p a r t i c u l a r r e l a y r i s e above a so t h a t t h e o p e r a t o r has a chance t o c o r r e c t t h e " c a u t i o n " p o i n t ; t h e second i s used f o r an emer- s i t u a t i o n b e f o r e g o i n g i n t o an emergency shutdown.
gency shutdown s h o u l d a temperature r i s e above t h e The f a c i l i t y has t h e c a p a b i l i t y f o r 96 t o t a l annun- s a f e t e m p e r a t u r e f o r t h a t p a r t i c u l a r p a r a m e t e r . c i a t o r c h a n n e l s .
S h a f t d i s p l a c e m e n t i s measured by p r o x i m i t y An emergency shutdown l e a d s t o s e v e r a l e v e n t s p r o b e s . Two p r o b e s i n the same p l a n e a r e l o c a t e d o c c u r r l n g s l m u l t a n e o u s l y . The dynamometer 90° a p a r t , w h i c h g i v e s the i n s t a n t a n e o u s movement i n c r e a s e s I t s f i e l d c u r r e n t t o b r i n g t h e s h a f t t o a s t o p . The i n l e t a i r v a l v e c l o s e s ( f u l l s t r o k e Summary 100 m s ) , w h i l e t h e e x h a u s t v a l v e i s s e n t t o t h e f u l l o p e n p o s i t i o n , so t h a t a n y p r e s s u r e r e m a i n i n g The t u r b i n e f a c i l i t y o f t h e SECTF h a s b e e n i n t h e t u r b i n e c a v i t y i s v e n t e d . A f t e r a s p e c i - o p e r a t i o n a l s i n c e J u n e 1 9 8 7 , a n d t h e c o m p r e s s o r f i e d t i m e , t h e d y n a m o m e t e r f i e l d c u r r e n t d r o p s t o f a c i l i t y h a s b e e n o p e r a t i o n a l s i n c e A u g u s t 1 9 8 7 .
z e r o t o p r e v e n t o v e r h e a t i n g of t h e d y n a m o m e t e r Thus f a r , r e s e a r c h d a t a h a s b e e n c o n s i d e r e d f i e l d c o i l s . The d y n a m o m e t e r m u s t b e r e s e t b e f o r e e x c e l l e n t . The r e s e a r c h d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n s y s t e m a r e s t a r t i s a t t e m p t e d . Of c o u r s e , t h e p r o b l e m u s e d i n t h e t u r b i n e f a c i l i t y h a s now b e e n i n s t a l l e d t h a t l e d t o t h e e m e r g e n c y s h u t d o w n m u s t b e i d e n t i - i n s e v e n o t h e r f a c i l i t i e s . O p e r a t i o n of t h e SECTF f i e d a n d r e m e d i e d . The e l e c t r i c h e a t e r a n d n a t u r a l h a s b e e n e x c e l l e n t a s w e l l , m o s t l y d u e t o t h e f a c i l i t y ' ; o v e r a l l d e s i g n .
gas c o m b u s t o r a r e a l s o s h u t off if a n e m e r g e n c y FIGURE 1. - TURBINE FACILITY CONTROL ROOM, - F I G U R E 2, F A C I L I T Y OPERATOR ' S I NSTRUMENTAT I ON AND CONTROLS.
DmGmAL PAGE IS
m R QUALITY
ONGmAI, PACE I S
HIOR QUALITY
FIGURE 3. - DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM OPERATOR'S INSTRUMENTATION AND
CONTROLS.
FIGURE 4. - FACILITY TEST RIG.
a I 7 "
!,-INLET MlYTROE VALVE '
I r w w wcniuni -125 PSNS ~ M B U ~ N O ~ A I FIGURE 5. - A I R SYSTEM SCHEMATIC.
J F I GURE 6 , - TORQUEMETER TRANSDUCER,
ORIGINAL PAGE I S
m O R QUALITY
FIGURE 7. - TORQUEMETER, GEARBOX, AND DYNAMOMETER.
COflPlJT E R
t
IEEE-LtCiG B U S L JI * U A T A A C U U I S I T I O N 8 N O C O N T R O L U N I T ~ DHTH BUS E L E C T R I C A L C 0 t4 T R O L s 1 G H A L S RESEARCH PRESSURES C H E C I(. P R E S S U R E 3 2 TRRtl';@UStIRS PER t I O @ U L E R E F E R E N C E PRESSURE F ! ; K = C A L I B R A T E C 0 N T PO L F'RESSUPES PRESSUF'ES C PNEUPIA! I C > ( FNEUMAT I C 1 PRESSIJHE CRL I B R A T E U N I T a C-88- 1 197 , FIGURE 8. - ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED PRESSURE SYSTEM.
P R € S S U R E S Y S T E M
I C O N T R O L COMPUTER
L L F C T R O N I C S I t P R E S S U R E C - 8 8 - 1 1 9 8 F I G U R E 9. - ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED PRESSURE SYSTEM DATA A C Q U I S I T I O N AND CONTROL U N I T .
\ T R P E D R I V E P R E S S U R E S Y S T E M R N R L O G - T O - D I G I T A L I N T E R F R C E U N I T I E E E - 9 8 0 B U S F A C I L I T Y COMPUTER F I L E S C R L C U L R T I O N S
e-J
A A
I
R L P H R N U M E R I C RNO I N D I V I D U R L L I N K T O C E N T R R L D I G I T R L O I S P L H Y S C O M P U l t R i n r i i I T Y P U S 1181JT TON L R S E R J E T I 1 L ’ t l I N I I I E N T R Y P A N E L P R I N T E R 1 4 FIGURE 11. - CRT SCREEN WITH CHANNELS I N LIMIT VIOLATIONS.
1 5
Report Documentation Page
N/\s;A Na1ion.l Aeronautics and
- 2. Qowrnmont Acceoabn No. 3 . Raclpient's C k k g No.
'. Report No. NASA TM-100887 AIAA-88-2963 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date
Small Engine Components T e s t F a c i l i t y
6. Performing Organization Code T u r b i n e T e s t i n g C e l l ~~ 7. Author@) 8. Performing Organlzatbn Roport No.
E-41 20
B r e n t C . N o w l i n and V i n c e n t G. V e r h o f f
10. Work Unit No.
505-62-3B 9. Performing Organization Name a d Addm 11. Contract o r Qnnt No.
N a t i o n a l A e r o n a u t i c s and Space A d m i n i s t r a t i o n Lewis Research Center C l e v e l a n d , O h i o 44135-3191 13. Type of Report and Pe&d Coverod 2. Sponsoring Agency Name and Addrw T e c h n i c a l Memorandum N a t i o n a l A e r o n a u t i c s and Space A d m i n i s t r a t i o n 14. Sponsoring Agency Cod0 Washington, D.C. 20546-0001 15. Supplementary Notes Prepared f o r t h e 24th J o i n t P r o p u l s i o n Conference cosponsored by t h e A I A A , ASEE, ASME, and SAE, Boston, Massachusetts, - J u l y 11-13, 1988.
16. Abstract NASA Lewis Research Center has designed and c o n s t r u c t e d a new s t a t e - o f - t h e - a r t This f a c i l i t y , c a l l e d t h e Small Engine Components T e s t F a c i l i t y t e s t f a c i l i t y .
( S E C T F ) , i s used t o t e s t gas t u r b i n e s and compressors a t c o n d i t i o n s s i m i l a r t o
The SECTF i s comprised o f two s e p a r a t e f a c i l i t i e s - a
a c t u a l engine c o n d i t i o n s .
t u r b i n e t e s t i n g c e l l and a compressor t e s t i n g c e l l . T h i s paper w i l l d e s c r i b e t h e t u r b i n e t e s t i n g c e l l o n l y . The c a p a b i l i t i e s o f t h e f a c i l i t y make i t u n i q u e - no o t h e r f a c i l i t y o f i t s k i n d i s capable o f combining i t s p r e s s u r e , speed, and temperature ranges. T u r b i n e i n l e t a i r ranges up t o 9 atm (125 p s i g ) . The t u r - b i n e exhaust pressure ranges from 0.15 atm ( 2 p s i a ) t o a t m o s p h e r i c p r e s s u r e .
T u r b i n e i n l e t a i r temperatures range from ambient t o 700 K (1260 O R ) . The con- t r o l l a b l e speed of t h e t u r b i n e rotor ranges from 4000 t o 60 000 rpm and t h e maxi-
i s 1250 hp. The d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n
mum power absorbed by t h e f a c i l i t y dynamometer system scans up t o 2000 c h a n n e l s / s e c . T h i s paper w i l l d i s c u s s i n d e t a i l t h e of t h e f a c i l i t y , o v e r a l l f a c i l i t y d e s i g n , i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n used i n c a p a b i l i t i e s
A c t u a l r e s e a r c h d a t a i s n o t
t h e f a c i l i t y , and the d a t a a c q u i s i t i o n s y s t e m .
d i scussed.
17. Key Words (Suggested by AuthoNs)) 18. Distrlbutlon Statement Small T u r b i n e T e s t i n g F a c i 1 i t y U n c l a s s i f i e d - U n l i m i t e d
De s c r i p t i on S u b j e c t C a t e g o r y 07
9. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Cla88lf. (of this page) 21. Noof p a w 22. Price' Uncl a s s i f i od 16 Uncl a s s i f 1 ed
A Q Z
LSA FORM 1026 OCT 88 For Sale by the National Twhnical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 221 61