Type Acceptance Report TAR 19/21B/22 – Cessna 188 Series

Cessna's Model 188 Agwagon was an all-new agricultural aircraft design of conventional configuration, with a braced low wing and a fibreglass hopper in front of the pilot. It was designed using the results of extensive research and consultation with agricultural aircraft operators conducted in the early 1960s. There were initially two versions in 1966, the 230 hp Model 188 “Agwagon 230” and the 300 hp Model A188 “Agwagon 300”. The Agwagon could be equipped with either a small hopper (26.7 cu. ft.) or a large hopper (37.4 cu. ft.). Aircraft with a fuselage strengthened for the larger hopper are identified with a serial number with a T suffix, and were marketed as the “AgTruck”. There were bi- annual improvements, with the Agwagon “A” being introduced in 1968, and the Models 188A/A188A Agwagon “B” in 1970. The definitive Models 188B/A188B Agwagon “C” were developed in 1972. The final version of the Series was the turbocharged T188C Ag Husky, which was introduced in 1979. The first example of the Cessna Model A188 in New Zealand was serial number 188-0024 registered ZK-CON in September 1966. The first A188A Agwagon B was serial number 188-0670 registered ZK-CXO in June 1970, while the first A188B Agwagon C was serial number 188-01066 registered ZK-DHX in February 1973. (There have been no examples of the Model 188 Agwagon 230 imported into New Zealand). The first T188C Ag Husky was serial number 188-03845T registered ZK-ETR in November 1981. Type Acceptance Report Rev.0 : 10 September 2019 TAR 19/21B/22 – Cessna 188 Series 5 4. NZCAR §21.43 Data Requirements The type data requirements of NZCAR Part 21B Para §21.43 have been satisfied by supply of the following documents, or were already held by the CAA: (1) State-of-Design Type certificate: FAA Type Certificate Number A9CE FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet number A9CE at Revision 28 dated July 29, 2015 – Models 188 and A188 approved February 14, 1966 – Models 188A and A188A approved September 26, 1969 – Models 188B and A188B approved December 20, 1971 – Model T188C (Restricted Category) approved September 8, 1978 (2) Airworthiness design requirements: (i) Airworthiness Design Standards: The certification basis of the Cessna A/188/A/B Series in the Normal Category is FAR Part 23 effective February 1, 1965, plus effective S/N 18803297 and up (1979 Model on), FAR §23.1559 (Operating Limitations Placard) effective March 1, 1978. The certification basis of the Cessna T188C in the Restricted Category is FAR Part 21 dated February 1,1965, and FAR Part 23 dated February 1, 1965, with exception to paragraph §23.221 (Spinning) in accordance with the provisions of §21.25(a)(1), plus FAR §23.1559 effective March 1, 1978. This is an acceptable certification basis in accordance with NZCAR Part 21B Para §21.41, because FAR Part 23 is the basic standard for Normal Category Airplanes called up under NZCAR Part 21 Appendix C. In addition the spinning dispensation for agricultural operations is accepted in New Zealand in the Restricted Category. There are no non-compliances and no additional special conditions have been prescribed by the Director under §21.23. (ii) Special Conditions: Nil (iii) Equivalent Level of Safety Findings: 1979 Models on: FAR 23.1545 Airspeed Indicator; FAR 23.1583(a)(1) Operating Limitations – The use of indicated instead of calibrated airspeed was accepted provided the approved calibration data presented in the POH is available to the pilot. ASI calibration data must be predicated on flight test. (iv) Airworthiness Limitations: Nil (3) Aircraft Noise and Engine Emission Standards: (i) Environmental Standard: Under §36.1(a)(2) 1979 and on Cessna 188 Series have not been shown to meet the noise requirements of FAR Part 36, because they were designed for “agricultural aircraft operations” or for “dispersing fire fighting materials”. Accordingly they are limited to those special purposes of FAR §21.15(b)(1) agricultural and §21.25(b)(2) fire-fighting, unless compliance with noise requirements is shown. Type Acceptance Report TAR 19/21B/22 – Cessna 188 Series Rev.0 : 10 September 2019 6 (4) Certification Compliance Listing: S-188-0: Basic Data (Cessna Model 188) S-188-1: Wing Analysis; S-188-2: Fuselage Analysis; S-188-3: Horizontal Tail Analysis; S-188-4: Vertical Tail Analysis; S-188-5: Aileron Analysis; S-188-6: Flap Analysis; S-188-7: Landing Gear Analysis; S-188-9: Control System Analysis S-188-11-1: Wing Test Proposal S-188-11-2: Wing Test Results S-188-12-1/2: Fuselage Test Proposal and results S-188-15-1/2: Aileron Test Proposal and Results S-188-17-1/2: Landing Gear Test Proposal and Results S-188-19-1/2: Control System Test Proposal and Results S-188-22-1/2: Fuel Cell and Hopper Test Proposal and Results S-188-21-1/2: Cabin Accommodations Test Proposal and Results S-188-26-2: Ground Vibration Test Results and Simplified Flutter Survey S-188-33: Substantiation, Critical Loads and Structural Materials Summary (188) S-188B-33: Substantiation, Critical Loads and Structural Materials Summary CES-1133: Finish Specification for Model 188 AgWagon F-A188-1: Certification of Cessna AgWagon Flight Characteristics at 3600 Pounds Gross Weight (Model A188) S-A188-34: Investigation of 3600 lb. Flight G.W. for Model A188 (Australian) S-A188B(T)-33: Substantiation, Critical Loads and Structural Summary S-188B(T)-33: Substantiation, Critical Loads and Structural Summary S-188B-35(72): Fatigue Analysis (Model 188B) DM 188A-0: Original Certification of the 1970 Model 188A DM 188B-0: Certification of the Model 188B, plus: - Addendum 1: Certification of the 1973 Model Changes - Addendum 2: Certification of the 1974 Model Changes - Addendum 4: Certification of the 1975 Model Changes DM-A188B-0: Original Certification of the Model A188B, plus: - Add. 2: Certification of 1973 Model Changes on AGpickup, AGwagon, AGtruck - Addendum 4: 1974 Model Changes - Addendum 5: 1975 Model Changes - Addendum 6: 1976 Model Changes - Addendum 7: 1977 Model Changes - Addendum 8: 1978 Model Changes - Addendum 9: 1979 Model Changes - Addendum 10: 1980 Model Changes - Addendum 11: 1981 Model Changes - Addendum 12: 1982 Model Changes - Addendum 15: 1983 Model Changes DM-T188C-0: Original Certification of the Model T188C AG Husky, plus: - Addendum 1: Certification of 1980 Model Changes to Model T188C AG Husky - Addendum 2: Certification of the 1981 Model Changes - Addendum 3: Rational Analysis Certification of 1982 Model T188C AG Husky - Addendum 6: Certification of the 1983 Model Changes S-T188C-33: Substantiation, Critical Loads, and Structure Materials Summary S-T188C-34: Investigation of 3,600 lb. Flight G.W. for Model T188C F-T188C-4: Analysis of the Model T188C at 3600 lbs with respect to FAR 23 Normal Category Flight Requirements [Produced at the request of NZ MoT] Type Acceptance Report Rev.0 : 10 September 2019 TAR 19/21B/22 – Cessna 188 Series 7 (5) Flight Manual: AIR Number: Cessna Publication: Title: AIR 3113 D392-13 Model 188/188A (1966-1967) Owner's Manual AIR 3903 D726-13 Model 188/188A (1968-1969) Owner's Manual AIR 3112 D764-13 Model 188A/A188A (1970-1971) Owner's Manual AIR 3904 D961-13 Model 188B/A188B (1972-1973) Owner's Manual AIR 3905 D1023-13 Model 188B/A188B (1974) Owner's Manual AIR 3101 D1043-13 Model 188B/A188B (1975) Owner's Manual AIR 3906 D1064-13 Model A188B (1976) Owner's Manual AIR 3111 D1089-13 Model A188B (1977) Owner's Manual AIR 3907 D1117-13 Model A188B (1978) Owner's Manual AIR 3908 D1145-13 Model A188B (1979) Owner’s Manual AIR 3909 D1180-13 Model A188B (1980) Information Manual AIR 3910 D1201-13 Model A188B (1981) Information Manual AIR 3911 D1220-13 Model A188B (1982) Information Manual AIR 3912 D1238-13 Model A188B (1983) Information Manual AIR 2780 D1146-13 Model T188C (1979) Owner's Manual AIR 2781 D1181-13 Model T188C (1980) Information Manual AIR 3913 D1202-13 Model T188C (1981) Information Manual AIR 3914 D1221-13 Model T188C (1982) Information Manual AIR 3915 D1239-13 Model T188C (1983) Information Manual NOTE: The Owner’s/Information Manual has been specified in New Zealand instead of the Flight Manual, because it contains the FM, plus it includes performance data. This is considered essential for agricultural operations using Part 137 Appendix B. (6) Operating Data for Aircraft: (i) Maintenance Manual: Cessna 188 Series (1966-1984) Service Manual – Publication D2054-13 (ii) Current service Information: Service Bulletins (iii) Illustrated Parts Catalogue: Cessna 188 Series (1966-1975) Parts Catalog – Publication P545-12 Cessna 188 Series (1976-1984) Parts Catalog – Publication P694-12 (7) Agreement from manufacturer to supply updates of data in (5), and (6): Cessna publications are now available through the Textron 1View website at https://ww2.txtav.com or for some older manuals at http://techpubs.cessna.com/ Type Acceptance Report TAR 19/21B/22 – Cessna 188 Series Rev.0 : 10 September 2019 8 5. New Zealand Operational Rule Compliance Compliance with the retrospective airworthiness requirements of NZCAR Part 26 has been assessed as they are a prerequisite for the grant of an airworthiness certificate. Civil Aviation Rules Part 26 Subpart B – Additional Airworthiness Requirements Appendix B – All Aircraft PARA: REQUIREMENT: MEANS OF COMPLIANCE: B.1 Marking of Doors and Emergency Exits To be determined on an individual aircraft basis B.2 Crew Protection Requirements – CAM 8 Appendix. B # .35 Equivalent provisions to CAM 8 Appendix B Section .35 Protection are contained in FAR 23, paragraphs §23.561 Emergency Landing Conditions General; §23.785(h) Seats, berths, litters, safety belts and shoulder harnesses; §23.787 Baggage Compartments; and §23.831 Ventilation; Civil Aviation Rules Part 91 Subpart F – Instrument and Equipment Requirements PARA: REQUIREMENT: MEANS OF COMPLIANCE: 91.505 Seating and Restraints – Safety belt/Shoulder Harness FAR §23.785 91.507 Pax Information Signs – Smoking, safety belts fastened Not Applicable – Less than 10 passenger seats 91.509 Min. VFR (1) ASI (2) Machmeter (3) Altimeter (4) Magnetic Compass (5) Fuel Contents (6) Engine RPM (7) Oil Pressure FAR §23.1303(a) N/A – No Mach limitations FAR §23.1303(b) FAR §23.1303(c) FAR §23.1305(a) FAR §23.1305(d) FAR §23.1305(b) (8) Coolant Temp (9) Oil Temperature (10) Manifold Pressure (11) Cylinder Head Temp. (12) Flap Position (13) U/c Position (14) Ammeter/Voltmeter N/A – Air cooled engine fitted FAR §23.1305(c) FAR §23.1305(h) FAR §23.1305(f) FAR §23.699 N/A – Fixed Undercarriage FAR §23.1351 91.511 Night VFR Instruments and Equipment Operational requirement – Compliance as applicable 91.513 VFR Communication Equipment Operational requirement – Compliance as applicable 91.517 IFR Instruments and Equipment Operational requirement – Compliance as applicable 91.519 IFR Communication and Navigation Equipment Operational requirement – Compliance as applicable NOTES: The 188 Series is equipped for Day and Night VFR operations (See FM and Equipment List) 91.523 Emergency Equipment: (a) More Than 9 pax – First Aid Kits per Table 7 – Fire Extinguishers per Table 8 (b) More than 20 pax – Axe readily accessible to crew (c) More than 61 pax – Portable Megaphones per Table 9 Operational Requirement – Compliance as applicable Operational Requirement – Compliance as applicable Not Applicable – Less than 20 passenger seats Not Applicable – Less than 61 passenger seats 91.529 ELT – TSO C126 406 MHz after 22/11/2007 Operational requirement – Compliance as applicable 91.531 Oxygen Indicators – Volume/Pressure/Delivery Operational requirement – Compliance as applicable 91.533 Oxygen for non-Pressurised Aircraft: Not fitted as standard (Maximum Altitude T188C 14,000 ft.) 91.541 SSR Transponder and Altitude Reporting Equipment Operational requirement – Compliance as applicable 91.543 Altitude Alerting Device – Turbojet or Turbofan Not Applicable – Not turbo jet or turbofan powered 91.545 Assigned Altitude Indicator Operational requirement – Compliance as applicable A.15 ELT Installation Requirements To be determined on an individual aircraft basis Civil Aviation Rules Part 137 Subpart F – Instrument and Equipment Requirements PARA: REQUIREMENT: MEANS OF COMPLIANCE: 137.255 Seating and Restraints – Shoulder harness required Seatbelts with shoulder harness are fitted as standard. (See Owner’s Manual Section II and IPC Figures 65/66.) Inertial reel is available as optional equipment. 137.257 Additional Instruments – Slip indicator required To be determined on an individual aircraft basis 137.259 Additional equipment See Appendix D compliance statements below Appendix B – Overload Weight Determination FAR 23 Normal Category Design load factor is 3.8 – Maximum Recommended Weight Increase per CAR Part 137 Appendix B Fig.2 is 131% → For MCTOW of 3300 lb, Agricultural Operating Weight = 4323 lb. NOTE: TCDS A9CE states the 188 Series has demonstrated satisfactory operation at higher weights in accordance with FAA AC 20-33B and CAM 8 (equivalent to CAR 137 Appendix B), as follows: 188 Series – 3800 lb. A188 Series – 4000 lb. or 4200 lb. (Serials 678T, 18801375T [1974 Ag-Truck] and on) T188C Series – 4400 lb. Type Acceptance Report Rev.0 : 10 September 2019 TAR 19/21B/22 – Cessna 188 Series 9 Appendix D – Instruments and Equipment Airworthiness Design Standards D.1 Seating and Restraints – Ult. Fwd. inertia load – 12g Cessna Report S-188-21-1 states seat occupant load per NAS 809 and Cessna policy was 9g x 1.33 fitting factor. Report S-188-21-2 states static load test passed at up to 115% design load. D.2 Hopper permitted maximum load To be determined on an individual aircraft basis D.3 Hoppers and spray tanks – 12g fwd/1.5 rear/1.0 sideways See Cessna Report S-188-22-2 D.4 Hopper upper level contents – Indication, density allowance Hopper has viewing port visible in the cockpit D.5 Jettison gear – 80% of maximum load in 5 seconds – simple to operate, single action required Operational Requirement – Compliance as applicable D.6 Markings/Placards – hopper or tank maximum loadings – representative jettison times – pax location, flt limitations To be determined on an individual aircraft basis NOTES: 1. A Design Rule reference in the Means of Compliance column indicates the Design Rule was directly equivalent to the CAR requirement, and compliance is achieved for the basic aircraft type design by certification against the original Design Rule. 2. The CAR Compliance Tables above were correct at the time of issue of the Type Acceptance Report. The Rules may have changed since that date and should be checked individually. 3. Some means of compliance above are specific to a particular model/configuration. Compliance with Part 91/137 operating requirements should be checked in each case. Attachments The following documents form attachments to this report: Three-view drawing Cessna Model 188 AgWagon Copy of FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet Number A9CE Sign off …………………………………….. ……………………………............... David Gill Checked – Lino Miguel Team Leader Airworthiness Airworthiness Engineer Appendix 1 List of Type Accepted Variants: Model: Applicant: CAA Work Request: Date Granted: A188, A188B AC 21-1.2/NZCAR Part 21 Appendix A(c) 188, 188A, 188B Textron Aviation Inc 19/21B/22 10 September 2019 A188A, T188C Textron Aviation Inc 19/21B/22 10 September 2019