Flight Standardization Board Report

console). Model R66 on TCDS. “Police Version” is a commercial/marketing term. R66 Turbine Marine (Float equipped R66): *Serial numbers: Subset of R66 Turbine. *Produced November 2014 thru present. Pop-out floats only (fixed floats not available). Model R66 on TCDS. “Turbine Marine” is a commercial/marketing term. R66 E.N.G. Version (Electronic News Gathering Version): *Serial numbers: Limited production. *Produced July 2017 thru present. Mission-specific E.N.G. equipment. Center rear seat is not installed (replaced with an equipment console. Model R66 on TCDS. “E.N.G. Version” is a commercial/marketing term. *Means approximate serial numbers and dates. 5. ACRONYMS • 14 CFR Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations • AC Advisory Circular • ACFT Aircraft • AED Aircraft Evaluation Division • AFM Airplane Flight Manual • APP Approach • AV Audiovisual Presentation • CPT Cockpit Procedures Trainer • FAA Federal Aviation Administration • FFS Full Flight Simulator • FMS Flight Management System • FSB Flight Standardization Board • FSBR Flight Standardization Board Report • FSTD Flight Simulation Training Device • FTD Flight Training Device Page 5 of 13 • HDG Heading • HO Handout • ICBI Interactive Computer-Based Instruction • LVL Level • MDR Master Differences Requirements • MFF Mixed Fleet Flying • NAS National Airspace System • NAV Navigation • PTT Part Task Trainers • RHC Robinson Helicopter Company • SFAR Special Federal Aviation Regulation • SU Stand-Up Instruction • TC Type Certificate • TCBI Tutorial Computer-Based Instruction • TCDS Type Certificate Data Sheet 6. DEFINITIONS These definitions are for the purposes of this report only. 6.1 Base Aircraft. An aircraft identified for use as a reference to compare differences with another aircraft. 6.2 Current. A crewmember meets all requirements to operate the aircraft under the applicable operating part. 6.3 Differences Tables. Describe the differences between a pair of related aircraft, and the minimum levels operators must use to conduct differences training and checking of flight crewmembers. Differences levels range from A to E. 6.4 Master Differences Requirements (MDR). Specifies the minimum levels of training and checking required between a pair of related aircraft, derived from the highest level in the Differences Tables. 6.5 Mixed Fleet Flying (MFF). The operation of a base aircraft and one or more related aircraft for which credit may be taken for training, checking, and currency events. 6.6 Operational Evaluation. The AED process to determine pilot type rating, minimum flight crewmember training, checking and currency requirements, and unique or special airman certification requirements (e.g., specific flight characteristics, no-flap landing). 6.7 Operational Suitability. The AED determination that an aircraft or system may be used in the National Airspace System (NAS) and meets the applicable operational regulations (e.g., Title 14 of the Code of the Federal Regulations (14 CFR) parts 91, 121, 133, and 135). 6.8 Qualified. A flight crewmember holds the appropriate airman certificate and ratings as required by the applicable operating part. Page 6 of 13 6.9 Related Aircraft. Any two or more aircraft of the same make with either the same or different type certificates (TC) that have been demonstrated and determined by the Administrator to have commonality. 6.10 Seat-Dependent Tasks. Maneuvers or procedures using controls that are accessible or operable from only one flight crewmember seat. 6.11 Special Emphasis Area. A training requirement unique to the aircraft, based on a system, procedure, or maneuver, which requires additional highlighting during training. It may also require additional training time, specialized flight simulation training devices (FSTD) or training equipment. 6.12 Specific Flight Characteristics. A maneuver or procedure with unique handling or performance characteristics that the FSB has determined must be checked. 7. PILOT TYPE RATING 7.1 Type Rating. Not applicable. 7.2 Common Type Ratings. Not applicable. 7.3 Military Equivalent Designations. Not applicable. 8. RELATED AIRCRAFT 8.1 Related Aircraft on Different TCDS. The R66 is related to the: • Robinson R22. • Robinson R44. 9. PILOT TRAINING 9.1 Airman Experience. No specific previous pilot experience required. 9.2 Special Emphasis Areas. 9.2.1 Pilots must receive special emphasis on the following areas during ground training: a) Removable flight controls. Pilots need to be trained on how to rotate the cyclic (wind up) after the dual controls are removed. b) Garmin GFC-600H operation. Page 7 of 13 9.2.2 Pilots must receive special emphasis on, and perform the following areas during flight training: a) Autopilot. Pilots must be trained on guarding the controls during all phases of flight, and cyclic positioning, when the removable controls are removed and the HDG, NAV or APP modes are selected. b) Familiarization with teetering cyclic. (See subparagraph 9.4 below). c) Operation of Garmin GFC-600H upper modes, cyclic feedback, tail rotor pedal feedback and use of the level (LVL) function. d) During hover, the pilot must be trained on how to operate the trim adjust in a manner that minimizes his attention away from outside visual references. e) Cyclic wind up procedures. 9.3 Specific Flight Characteristics. There are no specific flight characteristics. 9.4 Seat-Dependent Tasks. 9.4.1 There are no seat dependent tasks for pilots provided the pilot keeps the cyclic grip on or near his/her legs. 9.4.2 Instructors and check pilots must receive seat dependent training on cyclic up/down position (teetering cyclic) to simulate short/tall student instruction, if applicable. 9.5 Regulatory Training Requirements Which Are Not Applicable to the R66. 9.5.1 Aircraft used in 14 CFR part 135 operations. • Ground Training. Part 135, §135.345(b)(6)(iv). • Emergency Training. Part 135, §135.345(b)(6)(iv) and (d). 9.6 Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD). There are no specific systems, procedures, or maneuvers that are unique to the R66 that require a specific FSTD for training. 9.7 Training Equipment. There are no specific systems or procedures that are unique to the R66 that require specific training equipment. 9.8 Differences Training Between Related Aircraft. Pilots must receive differences training for all R66 variations specified in Appendix 2, Master Differences Requirements (MDR). 9.9 Other Training Items. Instructor pilots and check pilots should be trained on the R66 published Robinson Helicopter Company (RHC) guidelines, if applicable. Page 8 of 13 10. PILOT CHECKING 10.1 Landing from a No-Flap or Nonstandard Flap Approach. Not applicable. 10.2 Specific Flight Characteristics. There are no specific flight characteristics. 10.3 Seat-Dependent Tasks. There are no seat-dependent tasks. 10.3.1 There are no seat dependent tasks provided the pilot keeps the cyclic grip on or near his/her leg. 10.3.2 Instructors and check pilots must be evaluated on cyclic up/down (teetering cyclic) positions to simulate short/tall student instruction/checking, if applicable. 10.4 Other Checking Items. Pilots need to be evaluated on how to perform the cyclic wind up procedure. 10.4.1 Instructors, check pilots, and examiners should be evaluated on the R66 published RHC maneuvers guidelines, if applicable. 10.4.2 Garmin GFC-600H operation. a) Guarding the controls during all phases of flight, and cyclic positioning, when the removable controls are removed and the HDG, NAV or APP modes are selected. b) Operation of Garmin GFC-600H upper modes, cyclic, tail rotor pedal feedback and use of the LVL function. c) During hover, operation of trim in a manner that minimizes attention away from outside visual references. d) Cyclic wind up procedure. 10.5 Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD). There are no specific systems, procedures, or maneuvers that are unique to the R66 that require a specific FSTD for checking. 10.6 Equipment. There are no specific systems or procedures that are unique to the R66 that require specific equipment. 10.7 Differences Checking Between Related Aircraft. Pilots must receive differences checking on the R66 variants as specified in Appendix 3, Differences Tables. 11. PILOT CURRENCY There are no additional currency requirements for the R66 other than those already specified in 14 CFR parts 61, 121, 125, 133, and 135. 11.1 Differences Currency Between Related Aircraft. Not applicable. Page 9 of 13 12. OPERATIONAL SUITABILITY The R66 is operationally suitable for operations under 14 CFR parts 91 and 135. The FSB determined operational compliance by conducting an evaluation of aircraft serial number 0373 on 03/12/2018 through 03/16/2018. The list of operating rules evaluated during the FSB is on file at the Rotorcraft Branch (AFS-140). 13. MISCELLANEOUS None. Page 10 of 13 APPENDIX 1. DIFFERENCES LEGEND Training Differences Legend Differences Level Type Training Method Examples Conditions A Self-Instruction • Operating manual revision (handout (HO)) • Flightcrew operating bulletin (HO) • Crew has already demonstrated understanding on base aircraft (e.g., updated version of engine). • Minor or no procedural changes required. • No safety impact if information is not reviewed or is forgotten (e.g., different engine vibration damping mount). • Once called to attention of crew, the difference is self-evident. B Aided Instruction • Audiovisual presentation (AV) • Tutorial computer-based instruction (TCBI) • Stand-up instruction (SU) • Systems are functionally similar. • Crew understanding required. • Issues need emphasis. • Standard methods of presentation required. C Systems Devices • Interactive (full-task) computer-based instruction (ICBI) • Cockpit Procedures Trainers (CPT) • Part task trainers (PTT) • Level 4 or 5 flight training device (FTD 4-5) • Training can only be accomplished through systems training devices. • Training objectives focus on mastering individual systems, procedures, or tasks versus highly integrated flight operations or “real-time” operations. • Training devices are required to assure attainment or retention of crew skills to accomplish more complex tasks usually related to aircraft systems. D Maneuvers Devices • Level 6 or 7 flight training device (FTD 6-7) • Level A or B full flight simulator (FFS A-B) • Training can only be accomplished in flight maneuver devices in a real-time environment. • Training requires mastery of interrelated skills versus individual skills. • Motion, visual, control-loading, and specific environmental conditions may be required. E Level C/D FFS or Aircraft • Level C or D full flight simulator (FFS C-D) • Aircraft (ACFT) • Motion, visual, control-loading, audio, and specific environmental conditions are required. • Significant full-task differences that require a high fidelity environment. • Usually correlates with significant differences in handling qualities. Page 11 of 13 Checking Differences Legend Differences Level Checking Method Examples Conditions A None None B • Oral or written exam • Tutorial computer-based instruction (TCBI) self-test Individual systems or related groups of systems. C • Interactive (full-task) computer-based instruction (ICBI) • Cockpit Procedures Trainers (CPT) • Part task trainers (PTT) • Level 4 or 5 flight training device (FTD 4-5) • Checking can only be accomplished using systems devices. • Checking objectives focus on mastering individual systems, procedures, or tasks. D • Level 6 or 7 flight training device (FTD 6-7) • Level A or B full flight simulator (FFS A-B) • Checking can only be accomplished in flight maneuver devices in a real-time environment. • Checking requires mastery of interrelated skills versus individual skills. • Motion, visual, control-loading, and specific environmental conditions may be required. E • Level C or D full flight simulator (FFS C-D) • Aircraft (ACFT) Significant full-task differences that require a high fidelity environment. Page 12 of 13 APPENDIX 2. MASTER DIFFERENCES REQUIREMENTS (MDR) TABLE These are the minimum levels of training and checking required, derived from the highest level in the Differences Tables in Appendix 3. Differences levels are arranged as training/checking. To Related Aircraft ↓ From Base Aircraft → R66 Turbine R66 Turbine Marine E.N.G or Police Version R66 Turbine Not applicable B/B B/B R66 Turbine Marine B/B Not applicable B/B E.N.G or Police Version B/B B/B Not applicable Variation(s) of the same aircraft type. A variation of the aircraft type is an aircraft or a group of aircraft with the same type certificate (TC) as the base aircraft. A variation of the aircraft type has the same features as the base aircraft. If the variation(s) of the aircraft type has pertinent differences from the base aircraft, differences training are required. Pertinent differences are those that could affect flight safety. Typical pertinent differences are those related to configuration, handling qualities, performance, procedures, limitations, controls, instruments, indicators, system, equipment, options, or modifications. Page 13 of 13 APPENDIX 3. DIFFERENCES TABLES This Design Differences Table are modifications by Robinson Helicopter Company (RHC) since 2010. It lists the minimum differences levels operators must use to conduct differences training and checking of flight crewmembers. DESIGN REMARKS FLT CHAR PROC CHNG TRAINING CHECKING ATA 22 Autoflight Genesys HeliSAS autopilot. No Yes *E *E ATA 22 Autoflight Garmin GFC-600H. No Yes *E *E ATA 34 Navigation Garmin G500H Primary and Multifunction Flight Displays. No Yes C A ATA 34 Navigation Garmin G500H Txi Display System with Garmin GTN 750. No Yes C A *See subparagraphs 9.2 and 10.4.