Document
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 105.3 AUTHORITY : 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113–40114, Distance from Airspace Flight visibility clouds 44701–44702, 44721.
At or above 5 statute miles ...... 1,000 feet below. S OURCE : Docket FAA–1999–5483, 66 FR 23553, 10,000 feet 1,000 feet above.
May 9, 2001, unless otherwise noted.
MSL. 1 statute mile hori- zontal.
§ 105.1 Applicability.
Class G: (a) Except as provided in paragraphs 1,200 feet or 1 statute mile ....... Clear of clouds.
less above the (b) and (c) of this section, this part pre- surface (re- scribes rules governing parachute oper- gardless of ations conducted in the United States.
MSL altitude).
More than 1,200 1 statute mile ....... 500 feet below. (b) This part does not apply to a feet above the 1,000 feet above.
parachute operation conducted— surface but 2,000 feet hori- (1) In response to an in-flight emer- less than zontal.
gency, or 10,000 feet MSL.
(2) To meet an emergency on the sur- More than 1,200 5 statute miles ...... 1,000 feet below.
face when it is conducted at the direc- feet above the 1,000 feet above.
tion or with the approval of an agency surface and at 1 statute mile hori- or above zontal. of the United States, or of a State, 10,000 feet Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, MSL.
or a possession of the United States, or an agency or political subdivision [Amdt. 103–17, 56 FR 65662, Dec. 17, 1991] thereof.
(c) Sections 105.5, 105.9, 105.13, 105.15, 105.17, 105.19 through 105.23, 105.25(a)(1) PART 105—PARACHUTE and 105.27 of this part do not apply to OPERATIONS a parachute operation conducted by a member of an Armed Force— Subpart A—General (1) Over or within a restricted area Sec.
when that area is under the control of 105.1 Applicability.
an Armed Force.
105.3 Definitions.
(2) During military operations in un- 105.5 General.
controlled airspace.
105.7 use of alcohol and drugs.
105.9 Inspections.
§ 105.3 Definitions.
For the purposes of this part— Subpart B—Operating Rules Approved parachute means a para- 105.13 Radio equipment and use require- chute manufactured under a type cer- ments.
tificate or a Technical Standard Order 105.15 Information required and notice of (C–23 series), or a personnel-carrying cancellation or postponement of a para- U.S. military parachute (other than a chute operation.
high altitude, high speed, or ejection 105.17 Flight visibility and clearance from type) identified by a Navy Air Facility, cloud requirements.
105.19 Parachute operations between sunset an Army Air Field, and Air Force-Navy and sunrise.
drawing number, an Army Air Field 105.21 Parachute operations over or into a order number, or any other military congested area or an open-air assembly designation or specification number.
of persons.
Automatic Activation Device means a 105.23 Parachute operations over or onto self-contained mechanical or electro- airports.
mechanical device that is attached to 105.25 Parachute operations in designated the interior of the reserve parachute airspace.
container, which automatically initi- Subpart C—Parachute Equipment and ates parachute deployment of the re- Packing serve parachute at a pre-set altitude, time, percentage of terminal velocity, 105.41 Applicability.
or combination thereof.
105.43 Use of single-harness, dual-parachute Direct Supervision means that a cer- systems.
tificated rigger personally observes a 105.45 Use of tandem parachute systems.
non-certificated person packing a main 105.47 Use of static lines.
105.49 Foreign parachutists and equipment. parachute to the extent necessary to 14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 105.3 ensure that it is being done properly, zone or owner or operator, jump mas- and takes responsibility for that pack- ter, certificated parachute rigger, or ing. pilot.
Drop Zone means any pre-determined Parachutist means a person who in- area upon which parachutists or ob- tends to exit an aircraft while in flight jects land after making an intentional using a single-harness, dual parachute parachute jump or drop. The center- system to descend to the surface.
point target of a drop zone is expressed Parachutist in command means the in nautical miles from the nearest VOR person responsible for the operation facility when 30 nautical miles or less; and safety of a tandem parachute oper- or from the nearest airport, town, or ation.
city depicted on the appropriate Coast Passenger parachutist means a person and Geodetic Survey World Aero- who boards an aircraft, acting as other nautical Chart or Sectional Aero- than the parachutist in command of a nautical Chart, when the nearest VOR tandem parachute operation, with the facility is more than 30 nautical miles intent of exiting the aircraft while in- from the drop zone.
flight using the forward harness of a Foreign parachutist means a para- dual harness tandem parachute system chutist who is neither a U.S. citizen or to descend to the surface.
a resident alien and is participating in Pilot chute means a small parachute parachute operations within the United used to initiate and/or accelerate de- States using parachute equipment not ployment of a main or reserve para- manufctured in the United States.
chute.
Freefall means the portion of a para- Ram-air parachute means a parachute chute jump or drop between aircraft with a canopy consisting of an upper exit and parachute deployment in and lower surface that is inflated by which the parachute is activated ram air entering through specially de- manually by the parachutist at the signed openings in the front of the can- parachutist’s discretion or automati- opy to form a gliding airfoil.
cally, or, in the case of an object, is ac- Reserve parachute means an approved tivated automatically.
parachute worn for emergency use to Main parachute means a parachute be activated only upon failure of the worn as the primary parachute used or main parachute or in any other emer- intended to be used in conjunction with gency where use of the main parachute a reserve parachute.
is impractical or use of the main para- Object means any item other than a chute would increase risk.
person that descends to the surface Single-harness, dual parachute system: from an aircraft in flight when a para- means the combination of a main para- chute is used or is intended to be used chute, approved reserve parachute, and during all or part of the descent.
approved single person harness and Parachute drop means the descent of dual-parachute container. This para- an object to the surface from an air- chute system may have an operational craft in flight when a parachute is used automatic activation device installed.
or intended to be used during all or Tandem parachute operation: means a part of that descent.
parachute operation in which more Parachute jump means a parachute than one person simultaneously uses operation that involves the descent of the same tandem parachute system one or more persons to the surface while descending to the surface from from an aircraft in flight when an air- an aircraft in flight.
craft is used or intended to be used dur- ing all or part of that descent. Tandem parachute system: means the Parachute operation means the per- combination of a main parachute, ap- formance of all activity for the purpose proved reserve parachute, and approved of, or in support of, a parachute jump harness and dual parachute container, or a parachute drop. This parachute op- and a separate approved forward har- eration can involve, but is not limited ness for a passenger parachutist. This to, the following persons: parachutist, parachute system must have an oper- parachutist in command and passenger ational automatic activation device in- in tandem parachute operations, drop stalled.
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 105.15 in or into controlled airspace must, § 105.5 General.
during each flight— No person may conduct a parachute (i) Continuously monitor the appro- operation, and no pilot in command of priate frequency of the aircraft’s radio an aircraft may allow a parachute op- communications system from the time eration to be conducted from an air- radio communications are first estab- craft, if that operation creates a hazard lished between the aircraft and air to air traffic or to persons or property traffic control, until the pilot advises on the surface.
air traffic control that the parachute operation has ended for that flight.
§ 105.7 Use of alcohol and drugs.
(ii) Advise air traffic control when No person may conduct a parachute the last parachutist or object leaves operation, and no pilot in command of the aircraft.
an aircraft may allow a person to con- (b) Parachute operations must be duct a parachute operation from that aborted if, prior to receipt of a required aircraft, if that person is or appears to air traffic control authorization, or be under the influence of— during any parachute operation in or (a) Alcohol, or into controlled airspace, the required (b) Any drug that affects that per- radio communications system is or be- son’s faculties in any way contrary to comes inoperative.
safety.
§ 105.15 Information required and no- § 105.9 Inspections.
tice of cancellation or postpone- ment of a parachute operation.
The Administrator may inspect any parachute operation to which this part (a) Each person requesting an author- applies (including inspections at the ization under §§ 105.21(b) and 105.25(a)(2) site where the parachute operation is of this part and each person submitting being conducted) to determine compli- a notification under § 105.25(a)(3) of this ance with the regulations of this part.
part must provide the following infor- mation (on an individual or group Subpart B—Operating Rules basis): (1) The date and time the parachute § 105.13 Radio equipment and use re- operation will begin.
quirements.
(2) The radius of the drop zone (a) Except when otherwise authorized around the target expressed in nautical by air traffic control— miles.
(1) No person may conduct a para- (3) The location of the center of the chute operation, and no pilot in com- drop zone in relation to— mand of an aircraft may allow a para- (i) The nearest VOR facility in terms chute operation to be conducted from of the VOR radial on which it is lo- that aircraft, in or into controlled air- cated and its distance in nautical miles space unless, during that flight— from the VOR facility when that facil- (i) The aircraft is equipped with a ity is 30 nautical miles or less from the functioning two-way radio communica- drop zone target; or tion system appropriate to the air traf- (ii) the nearest airport, town, or city fic control facilities being used; and depicted on the appropriate Coast and (ii) Radio communications have been Geodetic Survey World Aeronautical established between the aircraft and Chart or Sectional Aeronautical Chart, the air traffic control facility having when the nearest VOR facility is more jurisdiction over the affected airspace than 30 nautical miles from the drop of the first intended exit altitude at zone target.
least 5 minutes before the parachute (4) Each altitude above mean sea operation begins. The pilot in com- level at which the aircraft will be oper- mand must establish radio communica- ated when parachutists or objects exist tions to receive information regarding the aircraft.
air traffic activity in the vicinity of (5) The duration of the intended para- the parachute operation. chute operation.
(2) The pilot in command of an air- (6) The name, address, and telephone craft used for any parachute operation number of the person who requests the 14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 105.17 authorization or gives notice of the from the aircraft displays a light that parachute operation. is visible for at least 3 statute miles.
(7) The registration number of the (b) The light required by paragraph aircraft to be used. (a) of this section must be displayed (8) The name of the air traffic control from the time that the person or object facility with jurisdiction of the air- is under a properly functioning open space at the first intended exit altitude parachute until that person or object to be used for the parachute operation. reaches the surface.
(b) Each holder of a certificate of au- § 105.21 Parachute operations over or thorization issued under §§ 105.21(b) and into a congested area or an open-air 105.25(b) of this part must present that assembly of persons.
certificate for inspection upon the re- quest of the Administrator or any Fed- (a) No person may conduct a para- eral, State, or local official. chute operation, and no pilot in com- (c) Each person requesting an author- mand of an aircraft may allow a para- ization under §§ 105.21(b) and 105.25(a)(2) chute operation to be conducted from of this part and each person submitting that aircraft, over or into a congested a notice under § 105.25(a)(3) of this part area of a city, town, or settlement, or must promptly notify the air traffic an open-air assembly of persons unless control facility having jurisdiction a certificate of authorization for that over the affected airspace if the pro- parachute operation has been issued posed or scheduled parachute operation under this section. However, a para- is canceled or postponed.
chutist may drift over a congested area or an open-air assembly of persons with § 105.17 Flight visibility and clearance a fully deployed and properly func- from cloud requirements.
tioning parachute if that parachutist is at a sufficient altitude to avoid cre- No person may conduct a parachute ating a hazard to persons or property operation, and no pilot in command of on the surface.
an aircraft may allow a parachute op- (b) An application for a certificate of eration to be conducted from that air- authorization issued under this section craft— must— (a) Into or through a cloud, or (1) Be made in the form and manner (b) When the flight visibility or the prescribed by the Administrator, and distance from any cloud is less than that prescribed in the following table: (2) Contain the information required in § 105.15(a) of this part.
Flight vis- (c) Each holder of, and each person ibility Altitude Distance from clouds (statute named as a participant in a certificate miles) of authorization issued under this sec- 1,200 feet or less 3 500 feet below, 1,000 tion must comply with all require- above the surface re- feet above, 2,000 ments contained in the certificate of gardless of the MSL feet horizontal.
authorization.
altitude.
(d) Each holder of a certificate of au- More than 1,200 feet 3 500 feet below, 1,000 above the surface feet above, 2,000 thorization issued under this section but less than 10,000 feet horizontal.
must present that certificate for in- feet MSL.
spection upon the request of the Ad- More than 1,200 feet 5 1,000 feet below, 1,000 above the surface feet above, 1 mile ministrator, or any Federal, State, or and at or above horizontal.
local official.
10,000 feet MSL.
§ 105.23 Parachute operations over or onto airports.
§ 105.19 Parachute operations between sunset and sunrise.
No person may conduct a parachute operation, and no pilot in command of (a) No person may conduct a para- an aircraft may allow a parachute op- chute operation, and no pilot in com- eration to be conducted from that air- mand of an aircraft may allow a person craft, over or onto any airport unless— to conduct a parachute operation from an aircraft between sunset and sunrise, (a) For airports with an operating unless the person or object descending control tower: Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 105.43 (1) Prior approval has been obtained and must include the information pre- from the management of the airport to scribed by § 105.15(a) of this part.
conduct parachute operations over or (c) For the purposes of paragraph on that airport.
(a)(3) of this section, air traffic control (2) Approval has been obtained from facilities may accept a written notifi- the control tower to conduct parachute cation from an organization that con- operations over or onto that airport.
ducts parachute operations and lists (3) Two-way radio communications the scheduled series of parachute oper- are maintained between the pilot of the ations to be conducted over a stated aircraft involved in the parachute oper- period of time not longer than 12 cal- ation and the control tower of the air- endar months. The notification must port over or onto which the parachute contain the information prescribed by operation is being conducted. § 105.15(a) of this part, identify the re- (b) For airports without an operating sponsible persons associated with that control tower, prior approval has been parachute operation, and be submitted obtained from the management of the at least 15 days, but not more than 30 airport to conduct parachute oper- days, before the parachute operation ations over or on that airport.
begins. The FAA may revoke the ac- (c) A parachutist may drift over that ceptance of the notification for any airport with a fully deployed and prop- failure of the organization conducting erly functioning parachute if the para- the parachute operations to comply chutist is at least 2,000 feet above that with its requirements.
airport’s traffic pattern, and avoids (d) Paragraph (a)(3) of this section creating a hazard to air traffic or to does not apply to a parachute oper- persons and property on the ground.
ation conducted by a member of an Armed Force within a restricted area § 105.25 Parachute operations in des- that extends upward from the surface ignated airspace.
when that area is under the control of (a) No person may conduct a para- an Armed Force.
chute operation, and no pilot in com- mand of an aircraft may allow a para- Subpart C—Parachute Equipment chute operation to be conducted from and Packing that aircraft— (1) Over or within a restricted area or § 105.41 Applicability.
prohibited area unless the controlling This subpart prescribed rules gov- agency of the area concerned has au- erning parachute equipment used in thorized that parachute operation; civil parachute operations.
(2) Within or into a Class A, B, C, D airspace area without, or in violation § 105.43 Use of single-harness, dual- of the requirements of, an air traffic parachute systems.
control authorization issued under this section; No person may conduct a parachute operation using a single-harness, dual- (3) Except as provided in paragraph parachute system, and no pilot in com- (c) and (d) of this section, within or mand of an aircraft may allow any per- into Class E or G airspace area unless son to conduct a parachute operation the air traffic control facility having from that aircraft using a single-har- jurisdiction over the airspace at the ness, dual-parachute system, unless first intended exit altitude is notified that system has at least one main of the parachute operation no earlier parachute, one approved reserve para- than 24 hours before or no later than 1 hour before the parachute operation chute, and one approved single person begins. harness and container that are packed as follows: (b) Each request for a parachute op- eration authorization or notification (a) The main parachute must have required under this section must be been packed within 180 days before the submitted to the air traffic control fa- date of its use by a certificated para- cility having jurisdiction over the air- chute rigger, the person making the space at the first intended exit altitude next jump with that parachute, or a 14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 105.45 non-certificated person under the di- dem course provider as being properly rect supervision of a certificated para- trained on the use of the specific tan- chute rigger. dem parachute system to be used.
(b) The reserve parachute must have (2) The person acting as parachutist been packed by a certificated para- in command: chute rigger— (i) Has briefed the passenger para- (1) Within 180 days before the date of chutist before boarding the aircraft.
its use, if its canopy, shroud, and har- The briefing must include the proce- ness are composed exclusively of nylon, dures to be used in case of an emer- rayon, or similar synthetic fiber or ma- gency with the aircraft or after exiting terial that is substantially resistant to the aircraft, while preparing to exit damage from mold, mildew, and other and exiting the aircraft, freefall, oper- fungi, and other rotting agents propa- ating the parachute after freefall, land- gated in a moist environment; or ing approach, and landing.
(2) Within 60 days before the date of (ii) Uses the harness position pre- its use, if it is composed of any amount scribed by the manufacturer of the tan- of silk, pongee, or other natural fiber, dem parachute equipment.
or material not specified in paragraph (b) No person may make a parachute (b)(1) of this section.
jump with a tandem parachute system (c) If installed, the automatic activa- unless— tion device must be maintained in ac- (1) The main parachute has been cordance with manufacturer instruc- packed by a certificated parachute rig- tions for that automatic activation de- ger, the parachutist in command mak- vice.
ing the next jump with that parachute, [Docket FAA–1999–5483, 66 FR 23553, May 9, or a person under the direct super- 2001, as amended by Amdt. 105–13, 73 FR vision of a certificated parachute rig- 69531, Nov. 19, 2008] ger.
(2) The reserve parachute has been § 105.45 Use of tandem parachute sys- packed by a certificated parachute rig- tems.
ger in accordance with § 105.43(b) of this (a) No person may conduct a para- part.
chute operation using a tandem para- (3) The tandem parachute system chute system, and no pilot in command contains an operational automatic ac- of an aircraft may allow any person to tivation device for the reserve para- conduct a parachute operation from chute, approved by the manufacturer of that aircraft using a tandem parachute that tandem parachute system. The de- system, unless— vice must— (1) One of the parachutists using the (i) Have been maintained in accord- tandem parachute system is the para- ance with manufacturer instructions, chutist in command, and meets the fol- and lowing requirements: (ii) Be armed during each tandem (i) Has a minimum of 3 years of expe- parachute operation.
rience in parachuting, and must pro- (4) The passenger parachutist is pro- vide documentation that the para- vided with a manual main parachute chutist— activation device and instructed on the (ii) Has completed a minimum of 500 use of that device, if required by the freefall parachute jumps using a ram- owner/operator.
air parachute, and (5) The main parachute is equipped (iii) Holds a master parachute license with a single-point release system.
issued by an organization recognized (6) The reserve parachute meets by the FAA, and Technical Standard Order C23 speci- (iv) Has successfully completed a fications.
tandem instructor course given by the manufacturer of the tandem parachute § 105.47 Use of static lines.
system used in the parachute operation or a course acceptable to the Adminis- (a) Except as provided in paragraph trator. (c) of this section, no person may con- (v) Has been certified by the appro- duct a parachute operation using a priate parachute manufacturer or tan- static line attached to the aircraft and Federal Aviation Administration, DOT Pt. 107 the main parachute unless an assist de- (i) The main parachute must be vice, described and attached as follows, packed by the foreign parachutist mak- is used to aid the pilot chute in per- ing the next parachute jump with that forming its function, or, if no pilot parachute, a certificated parachute rig- chute is used, to aid in the direct de- ger, or any other person acceptable to ployment of the main parachute can- the Administrator.
opy. The assist device must— (ii) The reserve parachute must be (1) Be long enough to allow the main packed in accordance with the foreign parachute container to open before a parachutist’s civil aviation authority load is placed on the device. requirements, by a certificated para- (2) Have a static load strength of— chute rigger, or any other person ac- (i) At least 28 pounds but not more ceptable to the Administrator.
than 160 pounds if it is used to aid the pilot chute in performing its function; PART 106 [ RESERVED ] or (ii) At least 56 pounds but not more PART 107—SMALL UNMANNED than 320 pounds if it is used to aid in AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS the direct deployment of the main parachute canopy; and Subpart A—General (3) Be attached as follows: (i) At one end, to the static line Sec.
107.1 Applicability.
above the static-line pins or, if static- 107.2 Applicability of certification proce- line pins are not used, above the static- dures for products and articles.
line ties to the parachute cone.
107.3 Definitions.
(ii) At the other end, to the pilot 107.5 Falsification, reproduction, or alter- chute apex, bridle cord, or bridle loop, ation.
or, if no pilot chute is used, to the 107.7 Inspection, testing, and demonstration main parachute canopy.
of compliance.
(b) No person may attach an assist 107.9 Safety event reporting.
device required by paragraph (a) of this Subpart B—Operating Rules section to any main parachute unless that person is a certificated parachute 107.11 Applicability.
rigger or that person makes the next 107.12 Requirement for a remote pilot cer- parachute jump with that parachute.
tificate with a small UAS rating.
(c) An assist device is not required 107.13 Registration.
107.15 Condition for safe operation.
for parachute operations using direct- 107.17 Medical condition.
deployed, ram-air parachutes.
107.19 Remote pilot in command.
107.21 In-flight emergency.
§ 105.49 Foreign parachutists and 107.23 Hazardous operation.
equipment.
107.25 Operation from a moving vehicle or (a) No person may conduct a para- aircraft.
chute operation, and no pilot in com- 107.27 Alcohol or drugs.
mand of an aircraft may allow a para- 107.29 Operation at night.
107.31 Visual line of sight aircraft oper- chute operation to be conducted from ation.
that aircraft with an unapproved for- 107.33 Visual observer.
eign parachute system unless— 107.35 Operation of multiple small un- (1) The parachute system is worn by manned aircraft.
a foreign parachutist who is the owner 107.36 Carriage of hazardous material.
of that system.
107.37 Operation near aircraft; right-of-way (2) The parachute system is of a sin- rules.
gle-harness dual parachute type. 107.39 Operation over human beings.
107.41 Operation in certain airspace.
(3) The parachute system meets the 107.43 Operation in the vicinity of airports.
civil aviation authority requirements 107.45 Operation in prohibited or restricted of the foreign parachutist’s country.
areas.
(4) All foreign non-approved para- 107.47 Flight restrictions in the proximity chutes deployed by a foreign para- of certain areas designated by notice to chutist during a parachute operation airmen.
conducted under this section shall be 107.49 Preflight familiarization, inspection, packed as follows— and actions for aircraft operation.