Airplane Flight Manual

Figure 1. Bendix/King KAP 140 Autopilot, Operating Controls and Indicators (Sheet 2 of 3) S7-8 Revision 4 CESSNA MODEL 172R SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 7 - FAA APPROVED -- 4. NAVIGATION (NAV) MODE SELECTOR BUTTON When pushed, will select the Navigation mode. This mode provides automatic beam capture and tracking of VOR, LOC, or GPS signals as selected for presentation on the NAV#1 CDI or HSI (if installed). -- 5. APPROACH (APR) MODE SELECTOR BUTTON When pushed, will select the Approach mode. This mode provides automatic beam capture and tracking of VOR, LOC, or GPS signals as selected for presentation on the NAV #1 CDI or HSI (if installed). The greater tracking sensitivity of the APR mode is recommended for instrument approaches. -- 6. BACK COURSE APPROACH (REV) MODE SELECTOR BUTTON This button is active only when the coupled navigation receiver is tuned to a LOC/ILS frequency. When pushed, it will select the Back Course (BC) approach mode. This mode functions indentically to the approach mode except that the autopilot response to LÓC signals is reversed. -- 7. HEADING SELECT KNOB (HDG) Positions the heading pointer ("bug") on the compass card. Note that the position of the heading bug also provides course datum to the autopilot when tracking in NAV, APR, or REV (BC) modes. This is in addition to its more intuitive use in the HDG mode. 8. OMNI BEARING SELECT KNOB (OBS) -- Selects the desired course radial to be tracked by the autopilot. (Note that the HDG bug must also be positioned to the proper course to capture and track the selected radial). 9. AUTOPILOT DISCONNECT (A/P DISC) SWITCH -- When depressed will disengage the autopilot. The autopilot disconnect will be annunciated by a continuous two-second tone accompanied by a flashing "AP" displayed on the autopilot computer. 10. AUTOPILOT CIRCUIT BREAKER -- A 5-amp circuit breaker supplying 28 VDC to the KAP 140 system. Figure 1. Bendix/King KAP 140 Autopilot, Operating Controls and Indicators (Sheet 3 of 3) Revision 4 S7-91 SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 7 - FAA APPROVED CESSNA MODEL 172R * ** 11. WARN C/B -- Power to the autopilot disconnect horn. 12. AUTOPILOT ENGAGE AP Annunciation** -- Illuminates whenever the autopilot is engaged. Flashes during pilot initiated or automatic disengagement. Airplane serials 17280001 thru 17281118 not incorporating Honeywell Service Bulletin KC140-M1. Airplane serials 17280001 thru 17281118 incorporating Honeywell Service Bulletin KC140-M1, and airplane' serials 17281119 and on. SECTION 2 LIMITATIONS The following autopilot limitations must be adhered to: 1. The autopilot must be OFF during takeoff and landing. 2. During autopilot operation, the pilot, with seat belt fastened, must be seated in the left front seat. 3. Continued autopilot system use is prohibited following abnormal or malfunctioning operation, and prior to corrective maintenance. 4. The entire PREFLIGHT procedure, outlined under Section 4, including steps 1 through 6, must be successfully completed prior to each flight. Use of the autopilot is prohibited prior to completion of these tests. 5. KMA 28 audio amplifier PUSH OFF/EMG operation is prohibited during normal operations. NOTE During emergency operation of the audio amplifier, the PUSH OFF/EMG state of the KMA 28 will prevent flight control system alerts from being heard. | S7-10 Revision 4 CESSNA MODEL 172R SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 7 - FAA APPROVED SECTION 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES The two step procedure listed under paragraph 1 should be among the basic airplane emergency procedures that are committed to memory. It is important that the pilot be proficient in accomplishing both steps without reference to this manual. 1. In case of Autopilot malfunction (accomplish Items a. and b. simultaneously): -- a. Airplane Control Wheel GRASP FIRMLY and regain aircraft control. b. A/P DISC Switch -- PRESS and HOLD throughout recovery. NOTE The AVIONICS MASTER switch may be used as an alternate means of removing power from the autopilot. In addition to the above, power may be removed with the Engage/Disengage button or the airplane MASTER switch. If necessary perform steps a. and b. above, then turn off the AVIONICS MASTER switch. Primary attitude, airspeed, directional and altitude control instruments will remain operational with either master switch OFF. A WARNING • DO NOT ATTEMPT TO AUTOPILOT FOLLOWING MALFUNCTION. • THE IN RE-ENGAGE THE AN AUTOPILOT COMMAND PILOT MUST CONTINUOUSLY MONITOR THE AUTOPILOT WHEN IT IS ENGAGED, AND BE PREPARED TO DISCONNECT THE AUTOPILOT AND TAKE IMMEDIATE CORRECTIVE ACTION - INCLUDING MANUAL CONTROL OF THE AIRPLANE AND/OR PERFORMANCE OF EMERGENCY PROCEDURES - IF AUTOPILOT OPERATION IS NOT AS EXPECTED OR IF AIRPLANE CONTROL IS NOT MAINTAINED. Revision 4 S7-11 SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 7 - FAA APPROVED CESSNA MODEL 172R AMPLIFIED EMERGENCY PROCEDURES The following paragraphs are presented to supply additional information for the purpose of providing the pilot with a more complete understanding of the recommended course of action for an emergency situation. WARNING DO NOT ATTEMPT ΤΟ RE-ENGAGE THE AUTOPILOT FOLLOWING AN AUTOPILOT MALFUNCTION UNTIL CORRECTIVE SERVICE ACTION HAS BEEN PERFORMED ON THE SYSTEM. An autopilot malfunction occurs when there is an uncommanded deviation in the airplane flight path or when there is abnormal control wheel movement. The main concern in reacting to an autopilot malfunction, or to an automatic disconnect of the autopilot, is in maintaining control of the airplane. Immediately grasp the control wheel and press and hold down the A/P DISC switch throughout the recovery. Manipulate the controls as required to safely maintain operation of the airplane within all of its operating limitations. The AVIONICS MASTER switch may be used as required to remove all power from the Autopilot. With the AVIONICS MASTER switch off, all flight instruments will remain operational; however, communications, navigation, and identification equipment will be inoperative. Note that the emergency procedure for any malfunction is essentially the same: immediately grasp the control wheel and regain airplane control while pressing and the holding the A/P DISC switch down. It is important that all portions of the autopilot system are preflight tested prior to each flight in accordance with the procedures published herein in order to assure their integrity and continued safe operation during flight. A flashing mode annunciation on the face of the autopilot is normally an indication of mode loss. | S7-12 Revision 4 CESSNA MODEL 172R SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 7 - FAA APPROVED NOTE An exception to this is HDG annunciation which will flash for 5 seconds along with steady NAVARM, APRARM, or REVARM annunciation to remind the pilot to set the HDG bug for course datum use. 1. Flashing HDG -- Indicates a failed heading. PRESS HDG button to terminate flashing. ROL will be displayed. 2. Flashing NAV, APR or REV -- Indicates a flagged navigation source. If no NAV source is flagged, a failed heading mode can be the cause. PRESS NAV, APR or REV button to terminate flashing. ROL will be displayed. NOTE At the onset of mode annunciator flashing, the autopilot has already reverted to a default mode of operation, (i.e., ROL mode). An immediate attempt to reengage the lost mode may be made if the offending navigation. flag has cleared. Effects of instrument losses upon autopilot operation: 1. Loss of the artificial horizon -- no effect on the autopilot. 2. Loss of the turn coordinator -- autopilot inoperative. 3. Loss of the Directional Gyro (DG) -- The directional gyro does not provide any system valid flag. If the DG fails to function properly the autopilot heading and navigation mode will not function correctly. Under these conditions, the only useable lateral mode is ROL. 4. Loss of Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) (if installed) -- If the HSI fails to function properly the autopilot heading and navigation mode will not function correctly. Under these conditions, the only usable lateral mode is ROL. Revision 4 S7-13 SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 7 - FAA APPROVED CESSNA MODEL 172R SECTION 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES PREFLIGHT (PERFORM PRIOR TO EACH FLIGHT): -- 1. GYROS Allow time for the turn coordinator to come up to speed, as evidenced by the turn coordinator flag being pulled from view. 2. AVIONICS MASTER -- ON. 3. POWER APPLICATION AND SELF TEST A self test is performed upon power application to the computer. This test is a sequence of internal checks that validate proper system operation prior to allowing normal system operation. The sequence is indicated by "PFT" (pre- flight test) with an increasing number for the sequence steps. Successful completion of self test is identified by all display segments being illuminated (Display Test) and the disconnect tone sounding. 4. AUTOPILOT -- ENGAGE by pressing AP button. 5. FLIGHT CONTROLS -- MOVE left and right to verify that the autopilot can be overpowered. NOTE Normal use will not require the autopilot to be overpowered. 6. A/P DISC Switch -- PRESS. Verify that the autopilot disconnects and tone sounds. BEFORE TAKEOFF: 1. Autopilot OFF. -- AUTOPILOT ENGAGEMENT: 1. AP Button -- PRESS. Note ROL annunciator on. If no other modes are selected the autopilot will operate in the ROL mode. NOTE Aircraft heading may change in ROL mode due to turbulence. | S7- S7-14 Revision 4 CESSNA MODEL 172R SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTS SUPPLEMENT 7 - FAA APPROVED AUTOPILOT ENGAGEMENT: -- 1. AP Button PRESS. Note ROL annunciator on. If no other modes are selected the autopilot will operate in the ROL mode. NOTE Aircraft heading may change in ROL mode due to turbulence. HEADING HOLD 1. Heading Selector Knob -- SET bug to desired heading. -- 2. HDG Mode Selector Button PRESS. Note HDG mode annunciator ON. Autopilot will automatically turn the aircraft to the selected heading. COMMAND TURNS (HEADING HOLD MODE ENGAGED) 1. Heading Selector Knob: MOVE bug to the desired heading. Autopilot will automatically turn the aircraft to the new selected heading. NAV COUPLING 1. When equipped with DG: a. NAV#1 OBS Knob -- SELECT desired course. b. NAV Mode Selector Button PRESS. Note NAVARM annunciated. c. Heading Selector Knob -- ROTATE BUG to agree with OBS course. NOTE When NAV is selected, the autopilot will flash HDG for 5 seconds to remind the pilot to reset the HDG bug to the OBS course. If HDG mode was in use at the time of NAV button selection, a 45° intercept angle will then be automatically established based on the position of the bug. Revision 4 S7-15