ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide

5.2 Viewing JetFuelX Prices in ForeFlight................................................................71 5.3 Importing Fuel Prices .........................................................................................73 CHANGE HISTORY .............................................................................................74 ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 4 DEFINITIONS Abbreviation Definition AC Advisory Circular ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast AFM Aircraft Flight Manual AGL Above Ground Level AIRMET AIRman's METeorological Information ASDA Accelerate Stop Distance Available ATC Air Traffic Control CFR Code of Federal Regulations CSV Comma-Separated Values EOP Engine-Out Procedure ETA Estimated Time of Arrival ETD Estimated Time of Departure ETE Estimated Time En Route FAA Federal Aviation Administration FBO Fixed-Base Operator HTML Hypertext Markup Language IAS Indicated Air Speed ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IFR Instrument Flight Rules JFX JetFuelX LDA Landing Distance Available M Magnetic METAR METeorological Terminal Aviation Routine Weather Report MLW Maximum Landing Weight MOS Model Output Statistics Abbreviation DEFINITIONS MSL Mean Sea Level MTOW Maximum Takeoff Weight N1 Gas Generator Speed NOTAM Notice to Airmen OEI One Engine Inoperative OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer POH Pilot's Operating Handbook RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring RNAV Area Navigation SIGMET SIGnificant METeorological Information TAF Terminal Area Forecast TAS True Air Speed TEC Tower En Route Control TFR Temporary Flight Restrictions TODA Take Off Distance Available TOFL Takeoff Field Length TORA Take Off Run Available V1 Decision Speed V2 Takeoff Safety Speed VENR En Route Climb Speed with Critical Engine Inoperative VFR Visual Flight Rules VFTO Final Takeoff Speed VMC Minimum Control Speed with One Engine Inoperative VMCG Minimum Control on the Ground Speed VOR Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Radio Range VR Rotation Speed VREF Reference Landing Spee Definition Abbreviation ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 6 INTRODUCTION This guide provides an overview of the Performance Planning features in ForeFlight Mobile. Performance Planning is available with the Performance Plus subscription plan for individuals, and the Business Performance plan for multi- pilot accounts. Visit www.foreflight.com/pricing to upgrade your subscription. This guide covers features that are unique to the Performance Plus plan, while touching on features that are available with other plans but are involved in the performance planning workflow. For information about other features in ForeFlight Mobile, please refer to the “Pilot’s Guide to ForeFlight Mobile” available in the app in Documents > Catalog > ForeFlight or at www.foreflight.com/support/pilots-guide/. About Performance Planning ForeFlight Performance Planning is a set of features that provides advanced flight planning capabilities suitable to high-performance aircraft. Although designed with turboprop and jet aircraft in mind, pilots of any type of aircraft can benefit from the accuracy and speed of these capabilities, which simplify the flight planning process while presenting the pilot with detailed performance calculations about all available routes. Performance Planning includes a large selection of advanced aircraft performance profiles derived from manufacturer data and covering the full operational range of each aircraft, allowing for extremely accurate speed and fuel flow calculations. Contributing to the accuracy of these calculations are capabilities for payload and fuel management, allowing you to specify weights and fuel amounts that affect the performance characteristics of a given flight. Performance Planning allows ForeFlight users flying planes that use jet fuel to view their JetFuelX contract fuel prices within ForeFlight. JetFuelX allows pilots to manage all of their fuel card memberships and compare contract fuel prices from multiple vendors, and request fuel releases from FBOs. With Performance Planning JetFuelX is integrated with ForeFlight so pilots can plan their flights and find the best fuel prices in the same place. AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE PROFILES The advanced capabilities of ForeFlight Performance Planning begins with the aircraft profile. ForeFlight’s dedicated Performance team has assembled a library of advanced profiles for hundreds of aircraft models and variants. Each of these aircraft includes one or more ForeFlight Performance Profiles, which combine climb, cruise, and descent data for a given cruise model, such as “Max Speed” or “Max Range.” Using these performance profiles for flight planning will result in extremely accurate time and fuel flow calculations for any flight. If Runway Performance values are available for the Aircraft type, the “Runway Profile” row will show the available serial-number range. 1. PERFORMANCE PROFILES 1.1 Updating Existing Aircraft After Purchasing Performance Plus If you’re upgrading to the Performance Plus plan from another subscription plan, alert icons may appear next to some or all of your existing aircraft. These indicate that you need to select an aircraft type from the performance database for those aircraft, since some of them might have ForeFlight Performance Profiles and other information associated with them. Tap on an aircraft to enter the Aircraft Edit page, then tap Aircraft Type near the top to search for your aircraft type. Whatever type code you previously entered for that aircraft will autofill in the search field, so finding and selecting the correct model and variant should be easy. If your aircraft doesn’t appear in the list, you can also search by make and model. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 9 1. PERFORMANCE PROFILES If your aircraft type has ForeFlight Performance Profiles associated with it, the number of such profiles is indicated in blue text below the model and variant information. Tap on one of the aircraft type options to select it. If your aircraft has ForeFlight Performance Profiles, ForeFlight may prompt you to update certain data fields with new information. Tap “Fix” to accept the changes. 1.2 Adding New Aircraft To add a new aircraft, tap the Plus button at the top of the scrollable list on the left of the More > Aircraft page, to enter the Aircraft Edit page. Required fields (Tail Number, Aircraft type) are highlighted in orange. After entering the tail number, tap Aircraft Type to search ForeFlight’s library of aircraft models. Use the search bar at the top to search by make, model, or type code. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 10 1. PERFORMANCE PROFILES Aircraft models that have ForeFlight Performance Profiles associated with them include two lines beneath the model indicating the specific variant and the number of preconfigured performance profiles available with that model and variant. Tap on an aircraft model to select it. Jet aircraft for which Runway Analysis is available show “Supports Runway Analysis”and piston and turboprop aircraft that support Takeoff & Landing Performance calculations have that listed below. Aircraft with ForeFlight Performance Profiles have preconfigured values for a number of fields in the Aircraft Edit page, including Glide Performance (typically only piston aircraft will have values for both Best Glide Speed and Best Glide Ratio), Altitudes, Weights, and Fuel information. These fields are auto-filled when you select an aircraft model that provides these data. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 11 Aircraft Type Search 1. PERFORMANCE PROFILES Before filing a flight plan with a new aircraft you will also need to input ICAO equipment codes in the Filing section and fill in applicable fields in the Dingy and Emergency sections. Information about these fields and what filing codes to select can be found the in the ForeFlight Filing Guide, available for download in the app in Documents > Catalog > ForeFlight, or online at https:// www.foreflight.com/support/filing/pdf. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 12 WARNING: You should always carefully review any auto-filled values to ensure they match those of your own aircraft, especially the values for Basic Empty Weight, Total Useable Fuel, and Default Reserve Fuel. Default Reserve Fuel is not calculated for each flight, so you should set the value here according to your preference. Reserve fuel can be modified for individual flights without changing the default value while planning in the Flights view. 1. PERFORMANCE PROFILES 1.3 Performance Profiles Aircraft Performance Profiles provide the data to power ForeFlight’s performance calculations. There are three kinds of performance profiles that you can use in ForeFlight: • ForeFlight Performance Profiles, which are provided by ForeFlight for hundreds of aircraft models. • By-altitude profiles, which allow you to input detailed performance data for all altitudes in any aircraft’s operational range. • Basic profiles, which allow you to input only a single cruise speed and fuel flow to be used for all altitudes. ForeFlight customers who purchase the Performance Plus plan have access to all three types of profiles; customers on other subscription plans can only use basic profiles. Tap “Performance Profiles” while viewing an Aircraft’s details to view all the performance profiles for that aircraft, whether provided by ForeFlight or built by the user. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 13 1. PERFORMANCE PROFILES 1.3.1 ForeFlight Performance Profiles Performance Plus customers have access to ForeFlight Performance Profiles for hundreds of different piston, turboprop, and turbofan aircraft models. These performance profiles contain high-fidelity performance data and are built by ForeFlight’s dedicated Performance team, using manufacturer-sourced data to ensure the most accurate performance calculations for every flight. The climb, cruise, and descent models contained in each profile are defined for multiple weights, altitudes, and temperatures, providing accurate speed and fuel flow data for all conditions. For most of the aircraft models that come with ForeFlight Performance Profiles, multiple profiles are available, corresponding to different cruise speed/power settings. The names of the profiles reflect these settings (e.g. Max Cruise Power, Long Range Cruise, M0.83, 55% Best Econ, etc.). Tap on a ForeFlight Performance Profile to see an illustrated breakdown of the climb, cruise, and descent models for that performance profile. Tap the Climb, Cruise, or Descent model to adjust them to better fit your aircraft’s actual performance using the Fixed Time and Fuel Bias (for Climb & Descent) or the Cruise Speed and Cruise Fuel Flow adjustment sliders. The model adjustment sliders should be used after you have identified consistent deviations between the performance results predicted by ForeFlight and your aircraft’s actual results. We recommend flying several flights with the same performance profile while closely tracking actual fuel burn and flight times. After each flight, compare actuals to the time and fuel burn predicted by ForeFlight. If the actuals differ from the predicted values in a consistent and predictable ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 14 1. PERFORMANCE PROFILES fashion (such as actual cruise fuel burn is always ~3% greater than predicted), use the model adjustment sliders for the cruise model (and/or the Fixed Time and Fuel Biases in climb and descent profiles) to adjust the ForeFlight model closer to your aircraft’s actuals. Repeat this process on subsequent flights until the performance results predicted by ForeFlight align with your aircraft’s actual results. Tap “Make Default” to set that performance profile as the default for flight planning with that aircraft. 1.3.2 Custom Performance Profiles If your aircraft type does not have any ForeFlight Performance Profiles associated with it, you can create custom performance profiles to use instead. By-Altitude Profiles By-altitude profiles allow you to enter performance data for every altitude in your aircraft’s operational range, and can be set up on ForeFlight’s web application (plan.foreflight.com). Once built, you can use by-altitude profiles for flight planning in the mobile app just as you would ForeFlight Performance Profiles. See By-Altitude Profiles for detailed instructions on setting up by-altitude profiles. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 15 1. PERFORMANCE PROFILES Basic Performance Profiles The third and simplest type of performance profiles are basic profiles. These allow you to specify only one value for cruise speed and one value for cruise fuel flow to be used at all cruise altitudes. These basic profiles result in less accurate performance calculations compared to the previous types of performance profiles. Customers who purchase the Performance Plus plan are strongly encouraged to set up and use by-altitude profiles instead of basic performance profiles if ForeFlight Performance Profiles are not available for their aircraft type. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 16 PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS The Flights view brings together the most important planning tools in ForeFlight in a sleek, form-based layout that allows for fast and efficient flight planning, briefing, and filing. The top-to-bottom workflow follows a logical progression from inputting airports, checking Takeoff & Landing performance, selecting an aircraft and performance profile, defining a route and altitude, entering payload and fuel details, reviewing weight checks, then filing the flight plan. Only ForeFlight customers who have purchased a Performance plan can access the Payload, Fuel, and Weight Verification sections. 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.1 About the Flights View You can send a route to the Flights view from the Maps view using the Send To button in the lower-right corner of the Maps view’s Flight Plan Editor. This will auto-fill all fields with the information you entered on the Maps view other than payload and fuel details, which can only be entered on the Flights view. You can send a route from the Flights view to the Maps view using the Send To button in the upper-right corner of the Flights view. Tap the Plus button above the Flights list on the left to create a new flight . At the top of the Flights view is the Route Performance Summary. This is where performance calculations for the flight are displayed, showing route distance (Dist), estimated time enroute (ETE), estimated time of arrival (ETA, in the destination airport’s timezone), inflight fuel consumption (Flight Fuel), and the average head/tailwind component over the entire route of flight (Wind). These performance results are recalculated every time a change is made to any part of the Flights view, but you can also manually refresh the performance summary by tapping the “Refresh” button just below the Wind value - this is useful for incorporating the most recent wind and temperature forecasts if the performance results have not been recalculated in a while. The time since the most recent recalculation is shown on the left below the Distance and ETE values. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 18 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.2 Departure/Destination Section To plan a flight, input your departure, destination, and alternate airports for the flight (if needed), and set your estimated time of departure or desired estimated time of arrival. When you add an alternate airport, ForeFlight calculates the fuel required to reach the alternate and adds it to your total fuel for the flight. This calculation is based on a direct route from your destination airport to the alternate, using the same performance profile as the rest of the flight and a cruise altitude appropriate to the distance to the alternate. After entering the airports, you can check Runway Analysis (jets) or Takeoff and Landing Performance (pistons and turboprops) for aircraft for which that information is available. 2.3 Runway Analysis Runway Analysis is a sophisticated runway and obstacle analysis for jets that is seamlessly integrated into the Flights view. Runway Analysis is a paid per-type add-on to ForeFlight Performance Plus and Business Performance subscription plans. Runway Analysis was developed with AFM data and procedures sourced directly from OEMs, and meets the requirements of 14 CFR 135.379. Runway Analysis provides MTOW/MLW solutions for multiple constraints, and offers Engine Out procedures designed using AC 120-91A and the ICAO counterpart. If you have a single-pilot plan, to add Runway Analysis for one or more types please visit https://www.foreflight.com/buy and enter your ForeFlight subscription address, choose Performance Plus, then scroll down and click on the “OPTIONAL: JET RUNWAY ANALYSIS” section to select your desired type(s) and complete the purchase. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 19 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS If you are part of a multi-pilot Business plan and are interested in Runway Analysis, please ask your ForeFlight account manager to contact our Sales team at: https://foreflight.com/campaigns/runway-analysis/. 2.3.1 Setup After purchasing Runway Analysis for an aircraft, tap More > Aircraft > Aircraft Type and confirm that the proper type and model is selected, including a second line of blue text showing Runway Analysis. After selecting the aircraft, tap Field Performance to set the default configurations for Takeoff and Landing analysis. These values can also be adjusted per-flight. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 20 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Within Field Performance, the Obstacle Corridor sets the flight path's obstacle accountability corridor to either the FAA specification from AC 120-91A, or the slightly wider corridor defined by ICAO requirements. The Landing Factor is the value by which the calculated landing distance is multiplied to produce the Factored Distance. Available commonly-used factors are: 60% dry: 1.67 80% dry: 1.25 60% wet: 1.92 80% wet: 1.44 ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 21 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.3.2 Takeoff Analysis After entering the initial flight plan details including Departure, ETD or ETA, Destination, Route, Payload (Persons and Cargo), and Fuel Policy, tap the Takeoff button to display the Takeoff Analysis page. Tap the Runway field to view available runways with surface details and wind components, and tap a runway to select it. Distances shown for the departure runway include: • TORA - Takeoff Run Available • TODA - Takeoff Distance Available (includes stopway and clearway) • ASDA - Accelerate Stop Distance Available (includes stopway) If needed, tap a distance to enter a shorter length. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 22 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Once a runway is selected a summary of the Takeoff Analysis results are shown at the top of the page, including the max takeoff weight and its limiting constraint. Limiting constraints include: • Structural Weight Limited • Obstacle Limited - based on an obstacle along the flight path • Runway Limited - based on available runway length, typically one of the declared distances • Climb Limited - based on the minimum climb required that can be achieved for the given conditions • Brake Energy Limited • Climb or Brake Energy Limited • Tire Speed Limited • VMC Limited - based on the minimum control speed on the ground, or VMCG Any subsequent changes to the values entered on the Takeoff page or the main Flight page will cause the Takeoff Analysis to recalculate. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 23 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Obstacle Analysis incorporates terrain & obstacles into the maximum takeoff weight calculation, to ensure the takeoff will have safe clearance. Additional Departure Obstacles, for example due to a temporary obstruction, can be added as well. Tap the Engine Out Procedure to see a visualization of available EOPs and select from the available EOPs. Some airports include more complex EOPs to maximize takeoff weight, such as older VOR-based procedures published by Jeppesen, and RNAV procedures under active development by the ForeFlight team. The Weather section automatically loads current or forecast conditions based on METARs, TAFs, MOS forecasts, or ForeFlight’s global Daily Weather forecasts, in that order. Tap on any weather field to test the impact of alternate conditions on the analysis, and tap Refresh to reload the current or forecast conditions. You can see the impact of hypothetical takeoff weights by adjusting the weight in the Aircraft Configuration section. However weight changes are not saved when you leave the page since ForeFlight calculates takeoff weight using the Payload and Fuel details on the main Flights view. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 24 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Tap Emergency Return to see a Landing Analysis of an Emergency return to the departure airport. The default runway is the runway selected for the Takeoff Analysis, but you can also select a different runway. Warnings related to the Emergency Return are shown at the top of the page; tap the colored bar to see the details. Tap “Back” to return to the Takeoff Analysis. Expanding on the summary Takeoff values shown at the top of the page, detailed Takeoff Performance values and the selected EOP are shown towards the bottom of the page. Performance values include the calculated takeoff thrust N1, as well as V1, VR, and V2 speeds. VENR is the Enroute climb speed, or the target speed after all obstacle segments have been completed and aircraft is clear of all obstacles. TOFL is the Takeoff Field Length. Level-Off Accel MSL is the target indicated altitude (MSL) at which the aircraft should be leveled after clearing all obstacles. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 25 NOTE: Overweight warnings displayed here are not escalated to the main Flights view, since Return to Base landings are often expected to be overweight. 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS VFTO is the Final takeoff speed, eg: the target speed during the Final Segment climb. The 1st and 2nd Net Grad are the climb gradients (height gained over distance covered). To return to the default values, tap the Reset button at the bottom of the Runway Analysis page. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 26 NOTE: If you selected the Maximum Fuel Policy on the main Flights view and the Takeoff Analysis shows a warning, tapping back will prompt ForeFlight to automatically reduce the planned Start Fuel to the lower limit calculated by the Takeoff Analysis. If you selected a Fuel Policy other than Maximum, you must manually reduce the fuel quantity or payload weights to the constrained value to remove the warning. 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.3.3 Landing Analysis After entering the initial flight plan details including Departure, ETD or ETA, Destination, Route, Payload (Persons and Cargo), and Fuel Policy, tap the Landing button to display the Landing Analysis page. Tap the Runway field to view available runways with surface details and wind components, and tap a runway to select it. Once a runway is selected a summary of the Landing Analysis results are shown at the top of the page, including the landing weight, Actual Distance, VAPP and VREF. LDA is the Landing Distance Available (excludes stopway and clearway) and defaults to the value published for the selected runway. If needed, tap the value to enter a shorter length. The Landing Factor uses the default value set for the Aircraft, but can be modified as needed for the flight. Changes made on a particular flight do not update the aircraft’s default. Available commonly-used factors are: 60% dry: 1.67 80% dry: 1.25 60% wet: 1.92 80% wet: 1.44 On the Landing Analysis page you can also enter a Landing Factor if needed. Like for the Takeoff Analysis, the Landing Analysis Weather section automatically loads current or forecast conditions based on METARs, TAFs, MOS forecasts, or ForeFlight’s global Daily Weather forecasts, in that order. Tap on any weather field to test the impact of alternate conditions on the analysis, and tap Refresh to reload the current or forecast conditions. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 27 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS You can see the impact of hypothetical landing weights by adjusting the weight in the Aircraft Configuration section. However weight changes are not saved when you leave the page since ForeFlight calculates takeoff weight using the Payload and Fuel details on the main Flights view. Expanding on the summary Landing values shown at the top of the page, detailed Landing Performance values are shown towards the bottom of the page. If a Landing Factor other than 1.0 is selected or entered the landing distance is displayed in the upper summary as Factored Distance, and in the detailed Landing Performance section as Landing Field Distance. To return to the default values, tap the Reset button at the bottom of the Runway Analysis page ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 28 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.3.4 Runway Analysis Summary To generate a PDF with a detailed breakdown of the Runway Analysis results, tap the “Summary” button at the top-right of either the Analysis page. The Takeoff and Landing Summaries at the top detail the selected inputs, aircraft configurations, runway, and results, as well as the selected Engine Out Procedure. The Takeoff and Landing Analysis sections below this compare results under different scenarios, simplifying evaluation of the impact a different runway assignment or weather conditions could have on the takeoff and landing weight limits. Tap the “Send to” button in the upper-right to save the PDF to the Flight’s files for easy access at any time from the Flight’s Files button, or to print or share the PDF with another app. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 29 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.4 Takeoff and Landing Performance Integrated Takeoff & Landing Performance calculations are now available for over 290 popular piston and single-engine turboprop aircraft. Simply tap the “Takeoff” or “Landing” button next to the departure or destination airport to open the page where you can choose the runway and make other selections. 2.4.1 Header The header shows at-a-glance values for important weight, distance, and speed information. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 30 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Runway and Runway List When a runway is selected for takeoff or landing you will see the details about the runway including slope (negative means downhill), and usable length. The runway's Declared Distance information is available below so you can easily update the usable length value to match if required by your operation. And if your aircraft POH or AFM includes performance values for different runway surfaces, you will see an option for selecting that as well. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 31 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Enter a Safety Distance Factor to add built-in safety margins based on runway conditions or other factors. The original distance calculation is multiplied by the pilot-entered decimal number between 1.00 - 10.00 for that aircraft. A Safety Distance Factor entered for a particular aircraft will be used for future flights with that aircraft, and can be modified at any time. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 32 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Tap the “Runway” box to see the METAR, TAF, or MOS, and the resulting headwind/tailwind and crosswind component for each runway. Tap “Details” to see more information about that runway. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 33 CAUTION: In general, aircraft POHs publish runway performance corrections for up to 10 knots of tailwind (some older POHs don’t publish any tailwind corrections). If the selected runway’s tailwind component exceeds the published tailwind limit, no performance results are displayed and ForeFlight provides an error message that the tailwind limit was exceeded. 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.4.2 Weather Wind and other weather information is updated via the Internet, or in-flight via ADS-B, or XM. The original text of the METAR or forecast is displayed at the bottom of the section. Tap Refresh to load new information if available. You can manually change the Wind Direction to use magnetic (M) direction for use with ATIS or tower wind reports. Wind speed, the temperature, and altimeter setting can also be manually adjusted. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 34 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.4.3 Aircraft Configuration All pilot-adjustable inputs affecting runway performance (as defined by the aircraft’s POH or AFM) are listed in the Aircraft Configuration section. Some aircraft provide no pilot-adjustable inputs, while others provide multiple configuration settings. And some may have configuration options for just one of Takeoff or Landing. For aircraft with pilot-adjustable inputs, tap Reset to restore the settings to their default configuration. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 35 NOTE: Some aircraft require specific configuration combinations under icing or other situations. ForeFlight will not display performance results for non- published configurations and will provide an error message explaining the issue. 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.4.4 Calculations The Calculations section displays the results of ForeFlight’s runway performance calculation using the provided input conditions. The displayed results for a given aircraft are the same found in the aircraft’s POH, including the resulting performance parameter name. Different aircraft types will provide different sets of outputs. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 36 NOTE: ForeFlight Mobile does not perform physics-based performance calculations, but rather interpolates on the POH- or AFM-provided performance data. For example, some POHs from the 1950’s and 60’s do not include the effect of air temperature on performance, and so neither will ForeFlight when calculating values for such an aircraft. You should think of Takeoff & Landing Performance as a faster, integrated alternative to determining runway performance by hand using your POH; given the same inputs, the outputs will be the same. 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.4.5 Takeoff Output Labels This table lists generic takeoff output labels used for most aircraft, though not all aircraft provide every output label, and some aircraft have specific output labels that apply only to that aircraft and are not listed here. Consult your aircraft’s POH or AFM for further detail on the specific aircraft configuration used for these outputs. Takeoff Output Label Description Rotate Speed Target takeoff speed upon which to initiate takeoff rotation Liftoff Speed Approximate speed when main gear leaves the runway; faster than rotate speed, but slower than 50 ft speed Ground Roll Takeoff distance from brake release point until main gear lifts off the runway. 50 ft Speed Initial climb speed reached at end of total takeoff distance and at the obstacle height of 50 ft AGL with gear down and takeoff flaps. Total Distance Takeoff distance from brake release point through reaching 50 ft obstacle height point above ground level (AGL). Consists of ground roll distance and air segment for initial climb, all at takeoff flap setting and gear down (if retractable). Accel-Stop Distance Distance from brake release point through acceleration to a reject speed and subsequent deceleration to a full stop; aircraft never leaves the runway (this distance is typically only found with twin engine aircraft) Climb Speed Target speed for the initial climb after reaching the 50 ft AGL takeoff point, typically gear up, if retract (see POH for flap setting used) Climb Rate Instantaneous rate of climb in ft/min for the initial climb after reaching the 50 ft AGL takeoff point typically gear up, if retract (see POH for flap setting used) Climb Gradient Instantaneous climb gradient (rise/run) for the initial climb after reaching the 50 ft AGL takeoff point typically gear up, if retract (see POH for flap setting used) ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 37 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Takeoff Climb Speed Target speed for the initial climb after reaching the 50 ft AGL takeoff point in the POH-defined takeoff flap and gear configuration Takeoff Climb Rate Instantaneous rate of climb in ft/min for the initial climb after reaching the 50 ft AGL takeoff point in the POH-defined takeoff flap and gear configuration Takeoff Climb Gradient Instantaneous climb gradient (rise/run) for the initial climb after reaching the 50 ft AGL takeoff point in the POH-defined takeoff flap and gear configuration Cruise Climb Speed Target enroute climb speed, typically flaps up and gear up, if retract Cruise Climb Rate Enroute climb rate, typically flaps up and gear up, if retract Cruise Climb Gradient Enroute climb gradient, typically flaps up and gear up, if retract OEI Climb Speed Target climb speed when one engine inoperative (OEI) on a twin engine aircraft OEI Climb Rate Climb rate when one engine inoperative (OEI) on a twin engine aircraft Takeoff Output Label Description ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 38 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.4.6 Landing Output Labels This table lists generic landing output labels used for most aircraft, though not all aircraft provide every output label, and some aircraft have specific output labels that apply only to that aircraft and are not listed here. Consult your aircraft’s POH or AFM for further detail on the specific aircraft configuration used for these outputs. For more information about Runway performance, see: https://www.foreflight.com/support/runway-performance/ Landing Output Label Description 50 ft Speed (or Approach Speed) Target threshold crossing speed for landing and at 50 ft AGL (obstacle height point). Typically referred to as the reference speed (VREF), some manuals call it the approach speed (VAPP). Total Distance Landing distance from 50 ft AGL obstacle height point (over approach end runway threshold) until full stop is reached. Consists of air portion with flare, touchdown and stopping portion. Ground Roll Landing distance from touchdown point on the runway until full stop is reached. Go-Around/Balked Landing Climb Speed Target go-around speed, typically in landing flap/gear configuration. Go-Around/Balked Landing Climb Rate Go-around climb rate in ft/min. Consult POH for flap and gear configuration. Go-Around/Balked Landing Climb Gradient Go-around climb gradient (rise/run). Consult POH for flap and gear configuration. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 39 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.5 Aircraft Section The Aircraft section allows you to select an aircraft and climb, cruise, and descent performance profiles for the flight. If you’ve designated an aircraft and performance profiles as defaults then they will be automatically selected when you create a new flight. All your aircraft and performance profiles are fully editable from the Flights view by tapping the Edit/View buttons next to each. You can also create new aircraft from the Flights view by tapping the Plus button when viewing the aircraft list, and create new performance profiles by tapping “Add Custom Performance Profile”. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 40 NOTE: Only basic performance profiles can be created on the mobile app - use ForeFlight on the web to build by-altitude profiles that you can then use in ForeFlight Mobile. 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.6 Route Section The Route section is where you enter a route and altitude for a flight. You can tap in the text field to enter a route manually, or tap “Routes” in green to open ForeFlight’s Route Advisor. The number of routes identified by Route Advisor is shown in parentheses next to Routes. A “Route Preview” built into the Route section allows you to see your route on a map with radar. Tap on the map to enter an interactive split-screen view where you can pan and zoom the map, then tap the Back button at the top to return to the planning form. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 41 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.6.1 Route Advisor Route Advisor groups routes under section headers based on what kind of route they are or their source. Routes shown include the Recommended Route, Preferred routes, ATC Cleared routes, TEC routes, and Airway routes. ForeFlight calculates performance results for every route shown (including flight time, distance, and flight fuel) and displays them on the right, allowing for quick comparisons between routes. Route Advisor also includes a Route Preview showing the paths of every route on an interactive map. Tap on a route in the list to highlight it on the map. This Route Preview is also interactive using two-finger pan and zoom. Recommended Route ForeFlight’s Recommended Route (formerly AviationCloud Autoroute) gives you the best route based on your detailed aircraft performance profile and time/fuel savings, while also accounting for preferred routes, recent ATC cleared routes, and how frequently a given route is assigned. ForeFlight evaluates all available route options and picks the one that provides the best balance between time/fuel savings and likelihood of being “cleared as filed” by ATC. If no previously cleared routes are available for an airport pair, ForeFlight will generate a wind- and temperature-optimized route based on your selected aircraft and performance profile. If the Recommended Route’s altitude is different from your aircraft’s default altitude, a popup will prompt you to update the flight’s altitude when you select the Recommended Route. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 42 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS ATC Cleared Routes Following the Recommended Route is the list of ATC cleared routes (if the airport pair has any cleared routes), in reverse-chronological order based on which route was most recently cleared by ATC. These routes provide two additional lines of information below the route string. The first line shows the departure time of the most recent flight cleared for that route, followed in parentheses by the number of times that route has been cleared by ATC in the past year. Frequently filed routes will often say “Tomorrow”, indicating that the most recent clearance for that route was given for a flight departing tomorrow. The second line includes information about the type(s) of aircraft cleared to fly that route (such as piston, turboprop, or jet), and the altitude or range of altitudes for which the clearance was given. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 43 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Eurocontrol Route Validity For any route that passes through Eurocontrol airspace, Route Advisor will evaluate the route against Eurocontrol’s complex system of route constraints and display a “Eurocontrol Valid” or “Eurocontrol Invalid” label beneath the route. A second validity check is also performed when you file the route to catch any validation issues that may have been raised by changes you made to the flight after selecting the route. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 44 NOTE: Although Route Advisor will evaluate the validity of any route that intersects Eurocontrol airspace, only intra-European flights may be filed from within ForeFlight. Do not attempt to file intercontinental flights through ForeFlight 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.6.2 Altitude Advisor Altitude Advisor makes it easy to compare altitude options for your flight. When you create a new flight, the altitude is automatically set to your aircraft’s default cruise altitude. Open Altitude Advisor to review other altitudes. The highest altitude shown is based on the value for your aircraft’s maximum ceiling altitude. All altitude options are evaluated by ForeFlight’s planning engine and performance results are shown next to each one, including the average head/ tailwind component over the entire route, which is color-coded red or green; total flight time; and inflight fuel usage. If performance results are not shown for a given altitude (eg: “-----”) it means that your aircraft cannot achieve the desired cruise speed quickly at that altitude, due to warmer than standard temperatures, payload/fuel weight, a cruise speed that is faster than can be achieved at that altitude, or a route too short to achieve that altitude. The buttons along the bottom of Altitude Advisor allow you to filter the altitudes shown. The VFR/IFR buttons on the left filter the altitudes to those permissible for the selected flight rules. The Westerly/Easterly/All buttons on the right filter altitudes to those that are fileable based on your flight’s direction. ForeFlight will automatically filter this list to only show relevant altitudes as you make changes to a flight. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 45 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.7 Payload Section The Payload section allows you to input basic weight information for people and cargo, used by ForeFlight to evaluate fuel requirements and perform weight checks against your aircraft’s structural weight limits. Tap on the blue numbers to adjust the values for number of people, the average weight of each person, and the total weight of cargo. The default value for the number of people is either one or two, based on the minimum crew requirement for your aircraft model. The starting default value for average person weight is 200 pounds, but changing this value for any flight will update the default to the new value. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 46 NOTE: The Payload section is not tied to ForeFlight’s Weight & Balance tool, although both of them involve inputting people and cargo weights. 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.8 Fuel Section The Fuel section provides some of the most powerful flight planning capabilities available with Performance Planning by allowing for detailed fuel management and automated fuel calculation using the Fuel Policy selector. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 47 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.8.1 Fuel Policies The Fuel Policy selector at the top of the Fuel section provides a number of options for calculating total (“block”) fuel that will be in the aircraft’s fuel tanks at engine start. Some policies require no additional input, and some allow you to specify certain values that will factor into the calculation. • Minimum Fuel Required - calculates the minimum amount of fuel needed to land at the destination with legal reserves and alternate fuel (if an alternate airport is specified for the flight). Requires no additional input from user. • Extra Fuel - adds a new field below the Fuel Policy selector where you can specify a fuel amount in addition to the minimum fuel required for the flight. • Maximum Fuel - calculates the maximum amount of fuel that can be loaded before exceeding any structural weight limit or the limit for total useable fuel configured for the aircraft. Requires no additional input from user. • Landing Fuel - adds a field below the Fuel Policy selector where you can specify a fuel amount to have in the tanks upon landing at your destination; ForeFlight will then calculate the total fuel required at engine start to achieve that value. The fuel amount entered must be greater than the sum of reserve and alternate fuel (if an alternate airport is specified). • Manual Fuel - adds a field below the Fuel Policy selector where you can specify the total amount of fuel in the tanks at engine start. The fuel amount entered must be greater than the minimum amount of fuel required to land at the destination with legal reserves and alternate fuel (if an alternate airport is specified). ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 48 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.8.2 Fuel Allocation The Fuel Allocation table below the Fuel Policy selector shows how the total amount of fuel is allocated during the flight, in both gallons and pounds of fuel. The primary fuel unit (gallons or pounds) configured for the aircraft appears in the far-right column, and the secondary unit in the column next to it. Fuel Allocation is divided between Flight Fuel, which is the total amount of fuel burned to reach the destination, composed of Start/Taxi Fuel and Fuel to Destination; and Fuel at Landing, which is the total amount of fuel remaining in the tanks upon landing at the destination, composed of Alternate Fuel, Reserve Fuel, and Extra Fuel. You can collapse and expand these categories by tapping the carets to the left of each category row. The default values for Start/Taxi Fuel and Reserve Fuel come from the values set in the Aircraft Edit page, but you can change either value for a single flight by tapping the blue numbers in the far-right column. Changing these numbers will not affect the default values, which can only be changed from the Aircraft Edit page. At the top of the Fuel Allocation table is the value for fuel at Start, as calculated from the sum of Flight Fuel and Fuel at Landing, beneath which is the value for total usable fuel configured for the aircraft. If you exceed the value for total usable fuel during planning, the numbers for Start turn red, and the amount of fuel that is over the limit replaces the value for additional fuel available beneath “Start”. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 49 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.9 Weight Verification Section The last section of the Flights view planning form is Weight Verification. This allows you to review the total weight of the aircraft and compare it to important structural weight limits to see how much additional weight capacity is available for the flight. The structural weight limits come from the values configured in the Aircraft Edit page, and are shown in a smaller font directly below the actual weight value based on what you’ve configured for payload and fuel. The amount of fuel available before reaching each limit is shown on the left below the name of each limit. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 50 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Between the rows showing weight limits are rows of lighter text indicating how the aircraft’s total actual weight changes between each limit, either from adding fuel before engine start, or burning fuel during taxi/takeoff and during the flight itself. You can collapse these rows by tapping the carets to the left of each weight limit name. If any weight limit is exceeded while planning your flight, the values for total actual weight turn red, and the amount of weight that is over the limit replaces the value for additional weight available at each limit. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 51 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.10 Fuel Orders When enabled in More > Settings, a Fuel Order field is displayed in the Destination Services section of the Flights view, allowing you to create and send a fuel order to your destination FBO before the flight (Internet connection required). To create a fuel order, first tap the Fuel Provider box and select the FBO from the available FBOs at the destination airport. If you have added fuel cards in JetFuelX, you can select a Fuel Card to receive discounted prices at that FBO. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 52 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Each fuel card listed includes the discounted price, the fuel card provider, a link to view any notes for the fuel card, and the price tiers, if available with that card. The retail price of fuel at that FBO is shown at the top of the page for reference. If the fuel card you selected supports fuel releases at that FBO, a new option appears to send a fuel release as part of the fuel order. Doing so will notify the fuel card provider in addition to the FBO, allowing them to release the fuel so it’s ready and paid for when you arrive. If you choose to not use a fuel release, or the fuel card doesn’t support them, you can still send the fuel order to the FBO without it. ForeFlight automatically populates the Quantity field with the amount of fuel that needs to be added after the flight to reach max capacity, based on the Fuel at Landing value in the Fuel section of the Flights Planning form. Tap on the numbers for LBS or GAL to change this value as desired. The Price field indicates the price per gallon of fuel, using either the retail price or your contract fuel price if you selected a fuel card. Below that you can set your FBO Arrival and Departure times, and select whether you want to load the fuel on Arrival or Departure. If you want to add any special comments or request to your fuel order you can do so at the bottom. Tap “Send” to transmit your fuel order to the FBO via email. The emailed fuel order sent to the FBO includes information about the order and a button for them to confirm receipt of the fuel order. If the FBO accepts the fuel order the Order status in ForeFlight changes from “Sent” to “Confirmed.” ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 53 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS After sending a fuel order the Send button changes to Cancel. Clicking this will send another email to the FBO information them that you cancelled the order. If the fuel order email is not successfully delivered to the FBO, such as if the FBO’s firewall rejects it or the FBO’s email account no longer exists, the fuel order status will show “Not Delivered.” However, other circumstances may prevent the email from reaching the FBO without triggering the “Not Delivered” message, such as if the email is automatically placed in the FBO’s spam folder by the email client. 2.11 Errors and Warnings The Flights view will display a number of errors and warnings to alert you of problems that might come up while planning a flight. These appear as a red or orange banner above the Route Performance Summary - you can tap on the banner to view details for the errors or warnings. Errors are critical problems that may prevent ForeFlight from calculating performance results for a flight (such as not providing a valid performance profile for the aircraft), or may prevent the flight from being carried out safely (such as exceeding structural weight or fuel limits). Warnings represent less severe problems that may result in less accurate performance calculations (such as the ETD being too far in the future to incorporate wind effects for the flight), or that may prevent ForeFlight from verifying that weight and fuel amounts are within limits (such as not entering a basic empty weight for the aircraft). ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 54 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.12 Add Next Flight If planning a multi-leg trip, use the “Add Next Flight” button at the bottom of the planning form to create a new flight that retains the most important details from the previous one, making it easy to plan consecutive trip segments. Add Next Flight sets the destination airport of the previous flight as the departure airport of the new flight, and sets the new flight’s ETD to 30 minutes after the ETA of the previous flight, if that time has not already passed. Add Next Flight preserves the first flight’s aircraft and performance profile, payload details, and fuel policy, though if the selected fuel policy requires user input (such as Extra Fuel, Landing Fuel, and Manuel Fuel) then the previous value will not be preserved when adding a next flight. 2.13 Navlog The Flights view Navlog provides a detailed overview of your flight that can be printed out and referenced to aid inflight decision-making. You can view the Navlog by tapping the Navlog button in the top left of the Flights view. The top of the Navlog provides quick reference to key information like which Performance Profile and altitude were selected, the ETE, block fuel, the full route string, and more. The Navlog will also provide RAIM outage prediction for routes within the continental U.S., Alaska, and Hawaii; for routes outside of these supported areas, no message will be shown. If no outage is predicted, the message will say “No outages predicted” in green. If an outage is predicted, the message will be red, and will specify where in the route the outage is predicted - at the departure, destination, or alternate airports, or enroute. ForeFlight’s RAIM prediction capability is based directly on the FAA’s RAIM prediction service and its open API. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 55 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS Beneath the top of the page are tables providing helpful information about each leg of the trip. The first table shows expected performance results for each leg, such as fuel remaining, leg time, distance remaining, and winds aloft information, including forecasted deviations from standard temperature. If you specified an alternate airport for the flight the same details appear for it in a short table below. ForeFlight’s Navlog will also incorporate step climbs into your route if hot/high/ heavy conditions prevent climbing direct to your final cruise altitude. Step climbs will appear in the altitude table as highlighted in green below. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 56 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS The next table compares winds aloft and performance results for the selected cruise altitude as well as bracketing nearby altitudes. Each altitude column provides total trip time and fuel burn in bold at the bottom, making it easy to evaluate multiple altitudes at a glance. The bottom section of the Navlog includes additional summaries of times, fuel, and weights, and a section to record actual performance results for the flight. Below that is smaller table with important frequency and runway information for your departure, destination, and alternate airports. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 57 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS If they are available for the departure and/or destination airport, ForeFlight Airport Diagrams are shown at the bottom of the NavLog. NOTE: an Airport Diagram is not included for an Alternate. You can email the Navlog using the Send To button in the top right of the Flights view, and you can print it using a compatible AirPrint printer. Tap “Save to ForeFlight Documents” to save a PDF copy of the Navlog and the Flight Plan form to the “Imported” drive in Documents. Changing any details of your flight will automatically update the Navlog for the next time you view it, but you can also manually refresh it by tapping the refresh button in the bottom left. Navlogs generated on the web will automatically become available on mobile as part of ForeFlight’s Sync system, and vice versa. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 58 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.14 Briefing You can request a pre-flight weather briefing by tapping the Briefing button next to the Navlog button. By default this will retrieve ForeFlight’s Graphical Briefing, which presents weather and NOTAM information in a page-based, graphical format that allows you to translate the coded text into a “plain text” form. An in-depth description of the contents of the Graphical Briefing can be found in the “Pilot’s Guide to ForeFlight Mobile”, available in the app in Documents > Catalog > ForeFlight or at www.foreflight.com/support/pilots-guide/. 2.15 Filing a Flight Plan Tap “Proceed to File” at the bottom of the screen to move to the Flights view filing form. Information is automatically copied over from the planning form into the relevant fields of the filing form, allowing you to simply review the information before filing. If you return to the planning form and make changes, a popup will prompt you to copy the updated information into the filing form next time you view it. Refer to the “Pilot’s Guide to ForeFlight Mobile” for more information about filing a flight plan, or the supplemental guide “Filing with ForeFlight Mobile” for in- depth information about filing ICAO flight plans and configuring aircraft with the proper ICAO codes. Both guides are available in the app in Documents > Catalog > ForeFlight or at www.foreflight.com/support/faqs/guides- supplements/ ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 59 2. PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH FLIGHTS 2.16 Messages If you enabled Flight Notifications before filing, ForeFlight will check for important flight alerts along your route, such as AIRMETs and SIGMETs, TFRs, and runway closure notices. ForeFlight will start searching for and displaying these alerts two hours before before your estimated time of departure, while connected to the internet. The alerts will appear in the Messages tab in the top right of the Flights view, and a notification bubble showing the number of new alerts will appear on the Flights view tab at the bottom of the screen. Tap on Messages to view a summary of all the alerts, and tap on an alert to see details about it. Use the Next and Previous buttons to move between the alerts. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 60 PERFORMANCE PLANNING WITH MAPS The Maps view includes many, though not all of the Performance-based planning tools found in the Flights view, and also includes unique capabilities such as Procedure Advisor that make it ideal for visual flight planning. The capabilities for selecting an aircraft, selecting a performance profile, setting an ETD, and using the Route and Altitude Advisors can all be found as buttons on the Maps view Flight Plan Editor (shown above). However, the Maps view lacks the additional planning features that Performance Plus customers can access in the Flights view, including the Payload, Fuel, and Weight Verification sections, as well as other features like the printable Navlog and Graphical Briefing. Tap the Send To button in the bottom-right corner of the Flight Plan Editor and tap Flights to send the currently-entered route to the Flights view. All details about the flight that have been entered on the Maps view will be copied over to the Flights view. You find more details about planning with the Maps view in the “Pilot’s Guide to ForeFlight Mobile”, available in the app in Documents > Catalog > ForeFlight or at www.foreflight.com/support/pilots-guide/. PERFORMANCE ON THE WEB ForeFlight on the web includes almost all of the advanced flight planning capabilities that ForeFlight Performance brings to the mobile app, plus some features that are web-exclusive. Login to the web application from ForeFlight’s home page, or at plan.foreflight.com. 4.1 Aircraft on the Web ForeFlight on the web allows you to view, edit, and create new aircraft using ForeFlight’s aircraft type database and advanced performance profiles. Although the interface is different, every data field that you can access on the mobile app can also be accessed on the web. The aircraft type field on the right allows you to search for your aircraft by make, model, or type code, and just like in the mobile app, aircraft models with ForeFlight Performance Profiles include variant information beneath the model name and the number of preconfigured profiles below that. Selecting a model with performance profiles will auto-fill the fields for weight, fuel, altitudes, and glide performance. As with the mobile app, be sure to carefully review these data to confirm their accuracy with regard to your own aircraft. You can also enter 4. PERFORMANCE ON THE WEB filing, dinghy, and emergency information below that. Click Save in the bottom right after making any changes to save them. Click Performance Profiles to view the performance profiles configured for that aircraft, and click Details next to any ForeFlight Performance Profile to view the climb, cruise, and descent models, and to access the model adjustment sliders for cruise speed and cruise fuel flow. 4.1.1 By-Altitude Profiles Click “Add Custom Profile” to see the one major difference between Performance Planning on the mobile app and on the web. In addition to basic profiles, the web interface allows you to create by-altitude profiles for your aircraft. These are useful if a preconfigured performance profile is not available for your aircraft model, as they allow you to input detailed performance data for every altitude in your aircraft’s operational range, offering far greater accuracy than basic profiles. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 63 4. PERFORMANCE ON THE WEB The performance data you enter here should be available in your aircraft’s POH, but you can also use actual performance data collected from real flights if there is a significant difference from the book values. Enter low- and high-altitude fuel flow data for the climb and descent models, then scroll down to the cruise model table. The minimum requirement is to enter data for the lowest and highest altitudes in the table, the latter being defined by the aircraft’s maximum ceiling. Beyond that you can enter data for whatever intermediate altitudes you want. ForeFlight uses a linear scale to calculate performance data for altitudes that you don’t fill in, so filling in more altitudes will result in more accurate calculations. For each altitude that you fill in, you must enter values for all five fields; entering partial data for any altitude will result in errors while using that profile for flight planning. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 64 4. PERFORMANCE ON THE WEB Click Save in the bottom right to save the by-altitude profile. You can then access it during flight planning like any other performance profile. 4.1.2 Manage Aircraft for Multi-Pilot Accounts Multi-pilot account administrators can manage and distribute company aircraft profiles to all the pilots on an account, allowing for easier aircraft management and reduced setup time for large accounts. To set up company managed aircraft profiles as the administrator of a multi-pilot account, sign in to ForeFlight’s web application using you username and password, then click the Aircraft tab on the left-hand nav bar. Select an aircraft that you want to share or set up a new one with the necessary details. At the bottom-right of the page is a green “Publish” button. Click this button to share the aircraft with all users on the account. Once shared, a “Published” tag will ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 65 NOTE: Some aircraft POHs provide different types of performance data in staggered altitude intervals, such as providing cruise TAS and fuel flow for every 2,000’, but providing climb and descent IAS and rate of climb for every 5,000’. Since all data fields (columns) for a given altitude (row) must be filled in for it to be valid, the best solution for cases like these is to use a spreadsheet program to manually interpolate the data sets so you can get complete data for each altitude you wish to enter. You can then simply copy the values from the spreadsheet into the by-altitude table. 4. PERFORMANCE ON THE WEB appear under the aircraft in the list view on the left, and the bottom of the page will show the date and time when you published the aircraft. Any time you make changes to a shared aircraft, “(Unpublished Changes)” will appear in green at the bottom of the page, and a “Publish Changes” button will appear in the bottom-right. The changes will not be shared with users on the account until you publish them. Doing so will update the “Last published” date and time at the bottom of the page. Clicking “Unpublish” will revoke access to the aircraft for all users other than the administrator, and they will no longer be able to see or use the aircraft for flight planning, although a record of the aircraft’s tail number will remain attached to flight plans made with that aircraft. The administrator cannot delete a published aircraft - he or she must first unpublish the aircraft, the delete it. Aircraft that have been published by an account administrator will appear in the Aircraft list’s of all pilots on the account, along with a tag showing the email address of the administrator who published the aircraft. Pilots on the account can view the details of shared aircraft and use them for flight planning as they would their own aircraft, but all details of the aircraft are locked from editing by the pilots, including the performance profiles. Published aircraft include a message at the top of the aircraft detail view with the email address of the administrator who published the aircraft and the time and date of last publishing. Users can tap the email address to create an email to the administrator. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 66 4. PERFORMANCE ON THE WEB Pilots cannot delete shared aircraft, but they can use the buttons at the bottom of the aircraft detail view to make a shared aircraft the default for flight planning, and to copy a shared aircraft. Copying a shared aircraft creates an identical aircraft profile that they can edit, allowing them to make changes to the aircraft without affecting the original shared aircraft. Copies of shared aircraft are the same in all respects as new aircraft created by the pilot: they cannot be viewed or modified by the account administrator, and changes published to the original shared aircraft will not affect the copy. 4.2 Flights on the Web In addition to setting up and editing aircraft, ForeFlight on the web allows you to plan flights using the same Performance Performance features that are accessible in the mobile app. Click the Flights tab on the left to edit an existing flight or start planning a new one. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 67 4. PERFORMANCE ON THE WEB Unlike the mobile app, the web application doesn’t make you choose between form-based and map-based planning - the Flights tab on the web includes both the planning form from the mobile Flights view and a fully-interactive map on the right, with the same layer and setting options that you have on the web’s Maps tab. Making route changes to either the form or the map will automatically update the other. As with other aspects of ForeFlight on the web, any flight you create or edit on the web application is immediately synced to all the mobile devices on which you are signed in, allowing you to plan a flight on the web and pick it up seamlessly in ForeFlight Mobile on your iPad or iPhone before departure. Navlogs and Graphical Briefings can also be created on the web. Click the Navlog and Brief buttons in the page header to view them, and use the refresh button in the bottom left to update them with new information. Click the Send To button in the bottom right to open the Navlog or Briefing in its own tab; from there you can print or save the HTML file by right-clicking on the page and selecting “Print…” or “Save As…” (these labels may vary depending on what web browser you’re using). ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 68 4. PERFORMANCE ON THE WEB Click File in the page header to move to the filing form. As in ForeFlight Mobile, you will be prompted to update the filing form with new information if you made any changes in the planning form. Once again, all the fields available in the mobile app are on the web as well. If you have “Mobile Flight Notifications” enabled when you file your flight plan, any flight alerts will appear in the Messages tab in the mobile app. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 69 JETFUELX JetFuelX is now fully integrated with ForeFlight’s Performance Plus and Business Performance subscription plans, and allows you to see contract jet fuel prices inside the mobile app and on the web, and issue fuel orders and releases to FBOs using fuel cards in your account. 5.1 Setting-up JetFuelX Fuel Cards Sign-in to your account at https://plan.foreflight.com and click on the JetFuelX menu. Click the “Add Card” button in the upper-right to add an existing card, or scroll-down to the “Apply for Cards” section to click one the options to directly apply for one of the available fuel cards. After adding a card, if needed click “Edit” to update information and assign aircraft to the card. 5. JETFUELX 5.2 Viewing JetFuelX Prices in ForeFlight After setting-up your fuel cards you will be able to view JetFuelX prices inside ForeFlight by enabling the Jet A map layer. Airports with FBOs offering contract fuel based on your fuel card memberships will include a “JFX” label in addition to the price, and the price shown will reflect the lowest contract price available from any FBO or vendor at that airport. Tap on a price marker to view a summary of the FBOs at that airport - JetFuelX prices are shown next to each FBO offering them, beneath the retail prices for 100LL and Jet A. Tap on an FBO to see a more detailed breakdown of the fuel offerings, including retail and contract Jet-A+ prices, if the FBO offers them. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 71 NOTE: Due to how ForeFlight retrieves and caches fuel prices, it may take up to an hour for JetFuelX prices to appear in the app if you viewed the Jet A map layer shortly before linking the accounts. You can tap the timestamp in the upper-left corner of the map to see when prices were last retrieved - after one 5. JETFUELX An FBO offering contract fuel will also have a JetFuelX tab in addition to the Info, Photos (if the FBO has uploaded any), and Comments tabs. This allows you to specify your aircraft and fuel amount for the flight - the aircraft shown here come from your JetFuelX account and are not associated with any aircraft in ForeFlight. Below this are Jet-A prices and price tiers for each vendor offering contract fuel based on your memberships. Make sure to check the dates above each price tier to see when those prices were valid - fuel vendor prices manually imported to JetFuelX in a CSV file will not update automatically and so may not reflect current prices. Tap the “i” button next to a fuel vendor to see any notes with additional information about pricing details or other important charges, as well as miscellaneous information. JetFuelX prices are also available in ForeFlight on the web, and are accessible in the same way as the mobile app. Turn on the Fuel: Jet A layer to see which airports offer contract fuel, and click any of the markers to see prices from each FBO and price tiers for each fuel vendor. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 72 5. JETFUELX 5.3 Importing Fuel Prices Click the Import Fuel Prices button on any fuel card to manually import a CSV file of fuel prices. This page also includes a unique email address to which you can forward emails containing your fuel price CSV files to be imported into your account automatically. ForeFlight Performance Planning Guide 73 CHANGE HISTORY Version Date Change Summary 14.0 February 2022 • Revision to organization and formatting. 13.7 August 2021 • Apply Bias to All Climb/Descent Profiles button added 13.5 June 2021 • Runway Analysis Engine Out Procedures Preview includes a map preview of the ground tracks of available engine-out procedures (EOPs), along with the EOP textual instructions. • JetFuelX integration with ForeFlight’s Performance Plus and Business Performance subscription plans. 13.1 February 2021 • Runway Analysis calculations for a certain jets. • Runway Analysis includes Obstacle Analysis • Multiple options for Engine Out Procedures (EOP), Landing Factors, and Emergency Return analysis. 12.3 April 2020 • Flight planning to select a desired ETA and have the app calculate the required ETD 11.9 October 2019 • Takeoff & Landing Performance calculations include a per-aircraft Safety Distance Factor 11.4 May 2019 • Added integrated Takeoff & Landing Performance calculations. • Flights Navlog ehenhancements, This page intentionally left blank. 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