14 CFR Part 63 — Certification: Flight Crewmembers Other Than Pilots

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 63.1 Subpart B—Flight Engineers § 63.3 Certificates and ratings re- quired.

63.31 Eligibility requirements; general.

63.33 Aircraft ratings. (a) Except as provided in paragraph 63.35 Knowledge requirements.

(c) of this section, no person may act 63.37 Aeronautical experience requirements.

as a flight engineer of a civil aircraft of 63.39 Skill requirements.

U.S. registry unless that person has in 63.41 Retesting after failure.

his or her physical possession or read- 63.42 Flight engineer certificate issued on ily accessible in the aircraft: basis of a foreign flight engineer license.

(1) A current flight engineer certifi- 63.43 Flight engineer courses.

cate with appropriate ratings issued to Subpart C—Flight Navigators that person under this part; (2) A document conveying temporary 63.51 Eligibility requirements; general.

authority to exercise certificate privi- 63.53 Knowledge requirements.

63.55 Experience requirements. leges issued by the Airman Certifi- 63.57 Skill requirements.

cation Branch under § 63.16(f); or 63.59 Retesting after failure.

(3) When engaged in a flight oper- 63.61 Flight navigator courses.

ation within the United States for a A PPENDIX A TO P ART 63—T EST R EQUIREMENTS part 119 certificate holder authorized FOR F LIGHT N AVIGATOR C ERTIFICATE to conduct operations under part 121 of A PPENDIX B TO P ART 63—F LIGHT N AVIGATOR this chapter, a temporary document T RAINING C OURSE R EQUIREMENTS A PPENDIX C TO P ART 63—F LIGHT E NGINEER provided by that certificate holder T RAINING C OURSE R EQUIREMENTS under an approved certificate verification plan.

A UTHORITY : 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 40113, 44701– 44703, 44707, 44709–44711, 45102–45103, 45301– (b) A person may act as a flight engi- 45302.

neer of an aircraft only if that person holds a current second-class (or higher) Subpart A—General medical certificate issued to that per- son under part 67 of this chapter, or other documentation acceptable to the S OURCE : Docket 1179, 27 FR 7969, Aug. 10, 1962, unless otherwise noted.

FAA, that is in that person’s physical possession or readily accessible in the § 63.1 Applicability.

aircraft.

This part prescribes the requirements (c) When the aircraft is operated for issuing flight engineer and flight within a foreign country, a current navigator certificates and the general flight engineer certificate issued by the operating rules for holders of those cer- country in which the aircraft is oper- tificates.

ated, with evidence of current medical qualification for that certificate, may § 63.2 Certification of foreign flight be used. Also, in the case of a flight en- crewmembers other than pilots.

gineer certificate issued under § 63.42, A person who is neither a United evidence of current medical qualifica- States citizen nor a resident alien is tion accepted for the issue of that cer- issued a certificate under this part tificate is used in place of a medical (other than under § 63.23 or § 63.42) out- certificate.

side the United States only when the (d) No person may act as a flight nav- Administrator finds that the certifi- igator of a civil aircraft of U.S. reg- cate is needed for the operation of a istry unless that person has in his or U.S.-registered civil aircraft.

her physical possession a current flight (Secs. 313, 601, 602, Federal Aviation Act of navigator certificate issued to him or 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C. 1354, 1421, and her under this part and a second-class 1422); sec. 6(c), Department of Transportation (or higher) medical certificate issued Act (49 U.S.C. 1655(c)); Title V, Independent to him or her under part 67 of this Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 (31 U.S.C.

483(a)); sec. 28, International Air Transpor- chapter within the preceding 12 tation Competition Act of 1979 (49 U.S.C.

months. However, when the aircraft is 1159(b))) operated within a foreign country, a [Docket 22052, 47 FR 35693, Aug. 18, 1982] current flight navigator certificate Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 63.13 issued by the country in which the air- § 63.12 Offenses involving alcohol or craft is operated, with evidence of cur- drugs.

rent medical qualification for that cer- (a) A conviction for the violation of tificate, may be used.

any Federal or state statute relating to (e) Each person who holds a flight en- the growing, processing, manufacture, gineer or flight navigator certificate, sale, disposition, possession, transpor- medical certificate, or temporary docu- tation, or importation of narcotic ment in accordance with paragraph drugs, marihuana, or depressant or (a)(3) of this section shall present it for stimulant drugs or substances is inspection upon the request of the Ad- grounds for— ministrator or an authorized represent- (1) Denial of an application for any ative of the National Transportation certificate or rating issued under this Safety Board, or of any Federal, State, part for a period of up to 1 year after the date of final conviction; or or local law enforcement officer.

(2) Suspension or revocation of any [Amdt. 63–41, 83 FR 30280, June 27, 2018] certificate or rating issued under this part.

§ 63.11 Application and issue.

(b) The commission of an act prohib- (a) An application for a certificate ited by § 91.17(a) or § 91.19(a) of this and appropriate class rating, or for an chapter is grounds for— additional rating, under this part must (1) Denial of an application for a cer- be made on a form and in a manner tificate or rating issued under this part prescribed by the Administrator. Each for a period of up to 1 year after the person who applies for airmen certifi- date of that act; or cation services to be administered out- (2) Suspension or revocation of any side the United States for any certifi- certificate or rating issued under this cate or rating issued under this part part.

must show evidence that the fee pre- [Docket 21956, 50 FR 15379, Apr. 17, 1985, as scribed in appendix A of part 187 of this amended by Amdt. 63–27, 54 FR 34330, Aug. 18, chapter has been paid.

1989] (b) An applicant who meets the re- § 63.12a Refusal to submit to an alco- quirements of this part is entitled to hol test or to furnish test results.

an appropriate certificate and appro- priate class ratings. A refusal to submit to a test to indi- cate the percentage by weight of alco- (c) Unless authorized by the Adminis- hol in the blood, when requested by a trator, a person whose flight engineer law enforcement officer in accordance certificate is suspended may not apply with § 91.11(c) of this chapter, or a re- for any rating to be added to that cer- fusal to furnish or authorize the re- tificate during the period of suspen- lease of the test results when requested sion.

by the Administrator in accordance (d) Unless the order of revocation with § 91.17 (c) or (d) of this chapter, is provides otherwise, a person whose grounds for— flight engineer or flight navigator cer- (a) Denial of an application for any tificate is revoked may not apply for certificate or rating issued under this the same kind of certificate for 1 year part for a period of up to 1 year after after the date of revocation.

the date of that refusal; or (Secs. 313, 601, 602, Federal Aviation Act of (b) Suspension or revocation of any 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C. 1354, 1421, and certificate or rating issued under this 1422); sec. 6(c), Department of Transportation part.

Act (49 U.S.C. 1655(c)); Title V, Independent Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 (31 U.S.C.

[Docket 21956, 51 FR 1229, Jan. 9, 1986, as 483(a)); sec. 28, International Air Transpor- amended by Amdt. 63–27, 54 FR 34330, Aug. 18, tation Competition Act of 1979 (49 U.S.C.

1989] 1159(b))) § 63.12b [Reserved] [Docket 1179, 27 FR 7969, Aug. 10, 1962, as amended by Amdt. 63–3, 30 FR 14559, Nov. 23, § 63.13 Temporary certificate.

1965; Amdt. 63–7, 31 FR 13523, Oct. 20, 1966; A certificate effective for a period of Amdt. 63–22, 47 FR 35693, Aug. 16, 1982; Amdt.

63–35, 72 FR 18558, Apr. 12, 2007] not more than 120 days may be issued 14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 63.14 to a qualified applicant, pending review ments are returned to the applicant of his application and supplementary after inspection.

documents and the issue of the certifi- (b) A request for a replacement of a cate for which he applied. lost or destroyed airman certificate issued under this part must be made: [Docket 1179, 27 FR 7969, Aug. 10, 1962, as (1) By letter to the Department of amended by Amdt. 63–19, 43 FR 22639, May 25, Transportation, Federal Aviation Ad- 1978] ministration, Airman Certification Branch, Post Office Box 25082, Okla- § 63.14 [Reserved] homa City, OK 73125 and must be ac- § 63.15 Duration of certificates.

companied by a check or money order for the appropriate fee payable to the (a) Except as provided in § 63.23 and FAA; or paragraph (b) of this section, a certifi- (2) In any other form and manner ap- cate or rating issued under this part is proved by the Administrator including effective until it is surrendered, sus- a request to Airman Services at http:// pended, or revoked.

www.faa.gov, and must be accompanied (b) A flight engineer certificate (with by acceptable form of payment for the any amendment thereto) issued under appropriate fee.

§ 63.42 expires at the end of the 24th (c) A request for the replacement of a month after the month in which the lost or destroyed medical certificate certificate was issued or renewed. How- must be made: ever, the holder may exercise the privi- (1) By letter to the Department of leges of that certificate only while the Transportation, FAA, Aerospace Med- foreign flight engineer license on which ical Certification Division, P.O. Box that certificate is based is effective.

26200, Oklahoma City, OK 73125, and (c) Any certificate issued under this must be accompanied by a check or part ceases to be effective if it is sur- money order for the appropriate fee rendered, suspended, or revoked. The payable to the FAA; or holder of any certificate issued under (2) In any other manner and form ap- this part that is suspended or revoked proved by the Administrator and must shall, upon the Administrator’s re- be accompanied by acceptable form of quest, return it to the Administrator.

payment for the appropriate fee.

(d) Except for temporary certificate (d) A request for the replacement of a issued under § 63.13, the holder of a lost or destroyed knowledge test report paper certificate issued under this part must be made: may not exercise the privileges of that (1) By letter to the Department of certificate after March 31, 2013.

Transportation, FAA, Airmen Certifi- (Sec. 6, 80 Stat. 937, 49 U.S.C. 1655; secs. 313, cation Branch, P.O. Box 25082, Okla- 601, 602, Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as homa City, OK 73125, and must be ac- amended (49 U.S.C. 1354, 1421, and 1422); sec.

companied by a check or money order 6(c), Department of Transportation Act (49 for the appropriate fee payable to the U.S.C. 1655(c)); Title V, Independent Offices FAA; or Appropriations Act of 1952 (31 U.S.C. 483(a)); (2) In any other manner and form ap- sec. 28, International Air Transportation Competition Act of 1979 (49 U.S.C. 1159(b))) proved by the Administrator and must be accompanied by acceptable form of [Docket 8846, 33 FR 18613, Dec. 17, 1968, as payment for the appropriate fee.

amended by Amdt. 63–22, 47 FR 35693, Aug. 16, (e) The letter requesting replacement 1982; Amdt. 63–36, 73 FR 10668, Feb. 28, 2008] of a lost or destroyed airman certifi- § 63.15a [Reserved] cate, medical certificate, or knowledge test report must state: § 63.16 Change of name; replacement (1) The name of the person; of lost or destroyed certificate.

(2) The permanent mailing address (a) An application for a change of (including ZIP code), or if the perma- name on a certificate issued under this nent mailing address includes a post of- part must be accompanied by the appli- fice box number, then the person’s cur- cant’s current certificate and the mar- rent residential address; riage license, court order, or other doc- (3) The certificate holder’s date and ument verifying the change. The docu- place of birth; and Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 63.21 (4) Any information regarding the— (5) Use any material or aid during the (i) Grade, number, and date of period that test is being given; or issuance of the airman certificate and (6) Intentionally cause, assist, or par- ratings, if appropriate; ticipate in any act prohibited by this (ii) Class of medical certificate, the paragraph.

place and date of the medical exam, (b) No person who commits an act name of the Airman Medical Examiner prohibited by paragraph (a) of this sec- (AME), and the circumstances con- tion is eligible for any airman or cerning the loss of the original medical ground instructor certificate or rating certificate, as appropriate; and under this chapter for a period of 1 (iii) Date the knowledge test was year after the date of that act. In addi- taken, if appropriate. tion, the commission of that act is a (f) A person who has lost an airman basis for suspending or revoking any certificate, medical certificate, or airman or ground instructor certificate knowledge test report may obtain in a or rating held by that person.

form or manner approved by the Ad- [Docket 4086, 30 FR 2196, Feb. 18, 1965] ministrator, a document conveying temporary authority to exercise cer- § 63.19 Operations during physical de- tificate privileges from the FAA ficiency.

Aeromedical Certification Branch or No person may serve as a flight engi- the Airman Certification Branch, as neer or flight navigator during a period appropriate, and the— of known physical deficiency, or in- (1) Document may be carried as an crease in physical deficiency, that airman certificate, medical certificate, would make him unable to meet the or knowledge test report, as appro- physical requirements for his current priate, for a period not to exceed 60 medical certificate.

days pending the person’s receiving a duplicate under paragraph (b), (c), or § 63.20 Applications, certificates, (d) of this section, unless the person logbooks, reports, and records; fal- has been notified that the certificate sification, reproduction, or alter- ation.

has been suspended or revoked.

(2) Request for such a document must (a) No person may make or cause to include the date on which a duplicate be made— certificate or knowledge test report (1) Any fraudulent or intentionally was previously requested.

false statement on any application for a certificate or rating under this part; [Amdt. 63–41, 83 FR 30280, June 27, 2018] (2) Any fraudulent or intentionally false entry in any logbook, record, or § 63.17 Tests: General procedure.

report that is required to be kept, (a) Tests prescribed by or under this made, or used, to show compliance part are given at times and places, and with any requirement for any certifi- by persons, designated by the Adminis- cate or rating under this part; trator.

(3) Any reproduction, for fraudulent (b) The minimum passing grade for purpose, of any certificate or rating each test is 70 percent.

under this part; or (4) Any alteration of any certificate § 63.18 Written tests: Cheating or other or rating under this part.

unauthorized conduct.

(b) The commission by any person of (a) Except as authorized by the Ad- an act prohibited under paragraph (a) ministrator, no person may— of this section is a basis for suspending (1) Copy, or intentionally remove, a or revoking any airman or ground in- written test under this part; structor certificate or rating held by (2) Give to another, or receive from that person.

another, any part or copy of that test; (3) Give help on that test to, or re- [Docket 4086, 30 FR 2196, Feb. 18, 1965] ceive help on that test from, any per- § 63.21 Change of address.

son during the period that test is being given. Within 30 days after any change in (4) Take any part of that test in be- his permanent mailing address, the half of another person; holder of a certificate issued under this

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 63.23 part shall notify the Department of (ii) Specifying the airplane type on Transportation, Federal Aviation Ad- which the applicant will perform flight ministration, Airman Certification engineer or flight navigator duties; and Branch, Post Office Box 25082, Okla- (iii) Stating that the applicant has homa City, OK 73125, in writing, of his received ground and flight instruction new address.

which qualifies the applicant to per- form the duties to be assigned on the [Docket 10536, 35 FR 14075, Sept. 4, 1970] airplane.

§ 63.23 Special purpose flight engineer (3) Documentation showing that the and flight navigator certificates: applicant currently meets the medical Operation of U.S.-registered civil standards for the foreign flight engi- airplanes leased by a person not a neer or flight navigator certificate, li- U.S. citizen.

cense, or authorization required by (a) General. The holder of a current paragraph (b)(1) of this section, except foreign flight engineer or flight navi- that a U.S. medical certificate issued gator certificate, license, or authoriza- under part 67 of this chapter is not evi- tion issued by a foreign contracting dence that the applicant meets those State to the Convention on Inter- standards unless the State which national Civil Aviation, who meets the issued the applicant’s foreign flight en- requirements of this section, may hold gineer or flight navigator certificate, a special purpose flight engineer or license, or authorization accepts a U.S.

flight navigator certificate, as appro- medical certificate as evidence of med- priate, authorizing the holder to per- ical fitness for a flight engineer or form flight engineer or flight navigator flight navigator certificate, license, or duties on a civil airplane of U.S. reg- authorization.

istry, leased to a person not a citizen of (c) Privileges. The holder of a special the United States, carrying persons or purpose flight engineer or flight navi- property for compensation or hire. Spe- cial purpose flight engineer and flight gator certificate issued under this sec- navigator certificates are issued under tion may exercise the same privileges this section only for airplane types as those shown on the certificate, li- that can have a maximum passenger cense, or authorization specified in seating configuration, excluding any paragraph (b)(1) of this section, subject flight crewmember seat, of more than to the limitations specified in this sec- 30 seats or a maximum payload capac- tion.

ity (as defined in § 135.2(e) of this chap- (d) Limitations. Each certificate ter) of more than 7,500 pounds.

issued under this section is subject to (b) Eligibility. To be eligible for the the following limitations: issuance, or renewal, of a certificate (1) It is valid only— under this section, an applicant must (i) For flights between foreign coun- present the following to the Adminis- tries and for flights in foreign air com- trator: merce; (1) A current foreign flight engineer (ii) While it and the certificate, li- or flight navigator certificate, license, cense, or authorization required by or authorization issued by the aero- paragraph (b)(1) of this section are in nautical authority of a foreign con- the certificate holder’s personal posses- tracting State to the Convention on sion and are current; International Civil Aviation or a fac- (iii) While the certificate holder is simile acceptable to the Adminis- employed by the person to whom the trator. The certificate or license must airplane described in the certification authorize the applicant to perform the required by paragraph (b)(2) of this sec- flight engineer or flight navigator du- tion is leased; ties to be authorized by a certificate (iv) While the certificate holder is issued under this section on the same performing flight engineer or flight airplane type as the leased airplane.

navigator duties on the U.S.-registered (2) A current certification by the les- see of the airplane— civil airplane described in the certifi- (i) Stating that the applicant is em- cation required by paragraph (b)(2) of ployed by the lessee; this section; and

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 63.35 (v) While the medical documentation Subpart B—Flight Engineers required by paragraph (b)(3) of this sec- tion is in the certificate holder’s per- A UTHORITY : Secs. 313(a), 601, and 602, Fed- sonal possession and is currently valid.

eral Aviation Act of 1958; 49 U.S.C. 1354, 1421, (2) Each certificate issued under this 1422.

section contains the following: S OURCE : Docket 6458, 30 FR 14559, Nov. 23, (i) The name of the person to whom 1965, unless otherwise noted.

the U.S.-registered civil airplane is § 63.31 Eligibility requirements; gen- leased.

eral.

(ii) The type of airplane.

(iii) The limitation: ‘‘Issued under, To be eligible for a flight engineer and subject to, § 63.23 of the Federal certificate, a person must— Aviation Regulations.’’ (a) Be at least 21 years of age; (b) Be able to read, speak, and under- (iv) The limitation: ‘‘Subject to the stand the English language, or have an privileges and limitations shown on the appropriate limitation placed on his holder’s foreign flight (engineer or nav- flight engineer certificate; igator) certificate, license, or author- (c) Hold at least a second-class med- ization.’’ ical certificate issued under part 67 of (3) Any additional limitations placed this chapter within the 12 months be- on the certificate which the Adminis- fore the date he applies, or other evi- trator considers necessary.

dence of medical qualification accepted (e) Termination. Each special purpose for the issue of a flight engineer cer- flight engineer or flight navigator cer- tificate under § 63.42; and tificate issued under this section ter- (d) Comply with the requirements of minates— this subpart that apply to the rating he (1) When the lease agreement for the seeks.

airplane described in the certification (Sec. 6, 80 Stat. 937, 49 U.S.C. 1655) required by paragraph (b)(2) of this sec- tion terminates; [Docket 6458, 30 FR 14559, Nov. 23, 1965, as amended by Amdt. 63–9, 33 FR 18614, Dec. 17, (2) When the foreign flight engineer 1968] or flight navigator certificate, license, or authorization, or the medical docu- § 63.33 Aircraft ratings.

mentation required by paragraph (b) of (a) The aircraft class ratings to be this section is suspended, revoked, or placed on flight engineer certificates no longer valid; or are— (3) After 24 months after the month (1) Reciprocating engine powered; in which the special purpose flight en- (2) Turbopropeller powered; and gineer or flight navigator certificate (3) Turbojet powered.

was issued.

(b) To be eligible for an additional (f) Surrender of certificate. The certifi- aircraft class rating after his flight en- cate holder shall surrender the special gineer certificate with a class rating is purpose flight engineer or flight navi- issued to him, an applicant must pass gator certificate to the Administrator the written test that is appropriate to within 7 days after the date it termi- the class of airplane for which an addi- nates.

tional rating is sought, and— (g) Renewal. The certificate holder (1) Pass the flight test for that class may have the certificate renewed by of aircraft; or complying with the requirements of (2) Satisfactorily complete an ap- paragraph (b) of this section at the proved flight engineer training pro- time of application for renewal.

gram that is appropriate to the addi- tional class rating sought.

(Secs. 313(a), 601, and 602, Federal Aviation Act of 1958; as amended (49 U.S.C. 1354(a), § 63.35 Knowledge requirements.

1421, and 1422); sec. 6(c), Department of Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. 1655(c))) (a) An applicant for a flight engineer certificate must pass a written test on [Docket 19300, 45 FR 5672, Jan. 24, 1980] the following: 14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 63.37 (1) The regulations of this chapter for mechanics, meets the recency of ex- that apply to the duties of a flight en- perience requirements of part 65 of this gineer. chapter; (2) The theory of flight and aero- (2) Within the period ending 24 cal- dynamics. endar months after the month in which (3) Basic meteorology with respect to the applicant passed the written test, engine operations. the applicant participated in a flight (4) Center of gravity computations. engineer or maintenance training pro- (b) An applicant for the original or gram of a U.S. scheduled military air additional issue of a flight engineer transportation service and is currently class rating must pass a written test participating in that program; or for that airplane class on the following: (3) An applicant is eligible to take a (1) Preflight. practical test for a flight engineer cer- (2) Airplane equipment. tificate or rating under this part with (3) Airplane systems. an expired written test report in ac- (4) Airplane loading. cordance with § 61.40 of this chapter.

(5) Airplane procedures and engine (e) An air carrier or commercial op- operations with respect to limitations.

erator with an approved training pro- (6) Normal operating procedures.

gram under part 121 of this chapter (7) Emergency procedures.

may, when authorized by the Adminis- (8) Mathematical computation of en- trator, provide as part of that program gine operations and fuel consumption.

a written test that it may administer (c) Before taking the written tests to satisfy the test required for an addi- prescribed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of tional rating under paragraph (b) of this section, an applicant for a flight this section.

engineer certificate must present satis- (Sec. 6, 80 Stat. 937, 49 U.S.C. 1655; secs.

factory evidence of having completed 313(a), 601 through 605 of the Federal Avia- one of the experience requirements of tion Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1354(a), 1421 § 63.37. However, the applicant may through 1425); sec. 6(c), Department of Trans- take the written tests before acquiring portation Act (49 U.S.C. 1655(c)); and 14 CFR the flight training required by § 63.37. 11.49) (d) An applicant for a flight engineer [Docket 1179, 27 FR 7969, Aug. 10, 1962, as certificate or rating must have passed amended by Amdt. 63–17, 40 FR 32830, Aug. 5, the written tests required by para- 1975; Docket 63–21, 47 FR 13316, Mar. 29, 1982; graphs (a) and (b) of this section since Docket FAA–2023–0825, Amdt. 63–47, 89 FR 80053, Oct. 1, 2024] the beginning of the 24th calendar month before the month in which the § 63.37 Aeronautical experience re- flight is taken. However, this limita- quirements.

tion does not apply to an applicant for (a) Except as otherwise specified a flight engineer certificate or rating therein, the flight time used to satisfy if— the aeronautical experience require- (1) The applicant— ments of paragraph (b) of this section (i) Within the period ending 24 cal- must have been obtained on an air- endar months after the month in which plane— the applicant passed the written test, is employed as a flight crewmember or (1) On which a flight engineer is re- mechanic by a U.S. air carrier or com- quired by this chapter; or mercial operator operating either (2) That has at least three engines under part 121 or as a commuter air that are rated at least 800 horsepower carrier under part 135 (as defined in each or the equivalent in turbine-pow- part 298 of this title) and is employed ered engines.

by such a certificate holder at the time (b) An applicant for a flight engineer of the flight test; certificate with a class rating must (ii) If employed as a flight crew- present, for the class rating sought, member, has completed initial train- satisfactory evidence of one of the fol- ing, and, if appropriate, transition or lowing: upgrade training; and (1) At least 3 years of diversified (iii) Meets the recurrent training re- practical experience in aircraft and air- quirements of the applicable part or, craft engine maintenance (of which at Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 63.39 least 1 year was in maintaining multi- neer certificate, the applicant must engine aircraft with engines rated at satisfactorily demonstrate the objec- least 800 horsepower each, or the equiv- tives in the areas of operation specified alent in turbine engine powered air- in the Flight Engineer Practical Test craft), and at least 5 hours of flight Standards for Reciprocating Engine, training in the duties of a flight engi- Turbopropeller, and Turbojet Powered neer.

Aircraft (incorporated by reference, see (2) Graduation from at least a 2-year paragraph (c) of this section). The test specialized aeronautical training may only be given in an airplane speci- course in maintaining aircraft and air- fied in § 63.37(a).

craft engines (of which at least 6 cal- (b) The applicant must— endar months were in maintaining (1) Show that the applicant can satis- multiengine aircraft with engines factorily perform preflight inspection, rated at least 800 horsepower each or servicing, starting, pretakeoff, and the equivalent in turbine engine pow- postlanding procedures; ered aircraft), and at least 5 hours of flight training in the duties of a flight (2) In flight, show that the applicant engineer.

can satisfactorily perform the normal (3) A degree in aeronautical, elec- duties and procedures relating to the trical, or mechanical engineering from airplane, airplane engines, propellers a recognized college, university, or en- (if appropriate), systems, and appli- gineering school; at least 6 calendar ances; and months of practical experience in (3) In flight, in an airplane simulator, maintaining multiengine aircraft with or in an approved flight engineer train- engines rated at least 800 horsepower ing device, show that the applicant can each, or the equivalent in turbine en- satisfactorily perform emergency du- gine powered aircraft; and at least 5 ties and procedures and recognize and hours of flight training in the duties of take appropriate action for malfunc- a flight engineer.

tions of the airplane, engines, propel- (4) At least a commercial pilot cer- lers (if appropriate), systems and appli- tificate with an instrument rating and ances.

at least 5 hours of flight training in the duties of a flight engineer. (c) FAA–S–8081–21A, Flight Engineer (5) At least 200 hours of flight time in Practical Test Standards for Recipro- a transport category airplane (or in a cating Engine, Turbopropeller, and military airplane with at least two en- Turbojet Powered Aircraft, November gines and at least equivalent weight 2023, is incorporated by reference into and horsepower) as pilot in command this section with the approval of the or second in command performing the Director of the Federal Register under functions of a pilot in command under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All the supervision of a pilot in command.

approved material is available for in- (6) At least 100 hours of flight time as spection at the Federal Aviation Ad- a flight engineer.

ministration (FAA) and the National (7) Within the 90–day period before he Archives and Records Administration applies, successful completion of an ap- (NARA). Contact FAA, Training and proved flight engineer ground and Certification Group, 202–267–1100, flight course of instruction as provided ACSPTSinquiries@faa.gov, www.faa.gov/ in appendix C of this part.

training l testing. For information on (Sec. 6, 80 Stat. 937, 49 U.S.C. 1655) the availability of this material at [Docket 6458, 30 FR 14559, Nov. 23, 1965, as NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal- amended by Amdt. 63–5, 31 FR 9047, July 1, register/cfr/ibr-locations or email 1966; Amdt. 63–17, 40 FR 32830, Aug. 5, 1975] fr.inspection@nara.gov. The material may be obtained from FAA, 800 Inde- § 63.39 Skill requirements.

pendence Avenue SW, Washington, DC (a) An applicant for a flight engineer 20591, 866–835–5322, www.faa.gov/train- certificate with a class rating must ing l testing.

pass a practical test in the class of air- plane for which a rating is sought. To [Docket FAA–2022–1463; Amdt. 63–46, 89 FR pass the practical test for a flight engi- 22519, Apr. 1, 2024] 14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 63.41 (c) Ratings issued. Aircraft class rat- § 63.41 Retesting after failure.

ings listed on the applicant’s foreign An applicant for a flight engineer flight engineer license, in addition to certificate who fails a written test or any issued to him after testing under practical test for that certificate may the provisions of this part, are placed apply for retesting— on the applicant’s flight engineer cer- (a) After 30 days after the date he tificate. An applicant without an air- failed that test; or craft class rating on his foreign flight (b) After he has received additional engineer license may be issued a class practice or instruction (flight, syn- rating if he shows that he currently thetic trainer, or ground training, or meets the requirements for exercising any combination thereof) that is nec- the privileges of his foreign flight engi- essary, in the opinion of the Adminis- neer license on that class of aircraft.

trator or the applicant’s instructor (if (d) Privileges and limitations. The hold- the Administrator has authorized him er of a flight engineer certificate issued under this section may act as a flight to determine the additional instruction engineer of a civil aircraft of U.S. reg- necessary) to prepare the applicant for istry subject to the limitations of this retesting.

part and any additional limitations § 63.42 Flight engineer certificate placed on his certificate by the Admin- issued on basis of a foreign flight istrator. He is subject to these limita- engineer license.

tions while he is acting as a flight engi- neer of the aircraft within or outside (a) Certificates issued. The holder of a the United States. However, he may current foreign flight engineer license not act as flight engineer or in any issued by a contracting State to the other capacity as a required flight Convention on International Civil crewmember, of a civil aircraft of U.S.

Aviation, who meets the requirements registry that is carrying persons or of this section, may have a flight engi- property for compensation or hire.

neer certificate issued to him for the (e) Renewal of certificate and ratings.

operation of civil aircraft of U.S. reg- The holder of a certificate issued under istry. Each flight engineer certificate this section may have that certificate issued under this section specifies the and the ratings placed thereon renewed number and State of issuance of the if, at the time of application for re- foreign flight engineer license on which newal, the foreign flight engineer li- it is based. If the holder of the certifi- cense on which that certificate is based cate cannot read, speak, or understand is in effect. Application for the renewal the English language, the Adminis- of the certificate and ratings thereon trator may place any limitation on the must be made before the expiration of certificate that he considers necessary the certificate.

for safety.

(b) Medical standards and certification. (Sec. 6, 80 Stat. 937, 49 U.S.C. 1655) An applicant must submit evidence [Docket 8846, 33 FR 18614, Dec. 17, 1968, as that he currently meets the medical amended by Amdt. 63–20, 45 FR 5673, Jan. 24, standards for the foreign flight engi- 1980] neer license on which the application § 63.43 Flight engineer courses.

for a certificate under this section is based. A current medical certificate An applicant for approval of a flight issued under part 67 of this chapter will engineer course must submit a letter be excepted as evidence that the appli- to the Administrator requesting ap- cant meets those standards. However, a proval, and must also submit three medical certificate issued under part 67 copies of each course outline, a descrip- of this chapter is not evidence that the tion of the facilities and equipment, applicant meets those standards out- and a list of the instructors and their side the United States unless the State qualifications. An air carrier or com- that issued the applicant’s foreign mercial operator with an approved flight engineer license also accepts flight engineer training course under that medical certificate as evidence of part 121 of this chapter may apply for the applicant’s physical fitness for his approval of a training course under foreign flight engineer license. this part by letter without submitting Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 63.57 the additional information required by (c) An applicant is eligible to take a this paragraph. Minimum requirements practical test for a flight navigator for obtaining approval of a flight engi- certificate under this part with an ex- neer course are set forth in appendix C pired written test report in accordance of this part. with § 61.40 of this chapter.

[Docket 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, 1962, as Subpart C—Flight Navigators amended by Amdt. 63–19, 43 FR 22639, May 25, 1978; Docket FAA–2023–0825, Amdt. 63–47, 89 FR 80053, Oct. 1, 2024] A UTHORITY : Secs. 313(a), 314, 601, and 607; 49 U.S.C. 1354(a), 1355, 1421, and 1427.

§ 63.55 Experience requirements.

S OURCE : Docket 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, (a) An applicant for a flight navi- 1962, unless otherwise noted.

gator certificate must be a graduate of a flight navigator course approved by § 63.51 Eligibility requirements; gen- eral. the Administrator or present satisfac- tory documentary evidence of— To be eligible for a flight navigator (1) Satisfactory determination of his certificate, a person must— position in flight at least 25 times by (a) Be at least 21 years of age; night by celestial observations and at (b) Be able to read, write, speak, and least 25 times by day by celestial obser- understand the English language; vations in conjunction with other aids; (c) Hold at least a second-class med- and ical certificate issued under part 67 of (2) At least 200 hours of satisfactory this chapter within the 12 months be- flight navigation including celestial fore the date he applies; and and radio navigation and dead reck- (d) Comply with §§ 63.53, 63.55, and oning.

63.57.

A pilot who has logged 500 hours of § 63.53 Knowledge requirements.

cross-country flight time, of which at least 100 hours were at night, may be (a) An applicant for a flight navi- credited with not more than 100 hours gator certificate must pass a written for the purposes of paragraph (a)(2) of test on— this section.

(1) The regulations of this chapter (b) Flight time used exclusively for that apply to the duties of a flight nav- practicing long-range navigation meth- igator; ods, with emphasis on celestial naviga- (2) The fundamentals of flight navi- tion and dead reckoning, is considered gation, including flight planning and to be satisfactory navigation experi- cruise control; ence for the purposes of paragraph (a) (3) Practical meteorology, including of this section. It must be substan- analysis of weather maps, weather re- tiated by a logbook, by records of an ports, and weather forecasts; and armed force or a certificated air car- weather sequence abbreviations, sym- rier, or by a letter signed by a certifi- bols, and nomenclature; cated flight navigator and attached to (4) The types of air navigation facili- the application.

ties and procedures in general use; (5) Calibrating and using air naviga- § 63.57 Skill requirements.

tion instruments; (6) Navigation by dead reckoning; (a) An applicant for a flight navi- (7) Navigation by celestial means; gator certificate must pass a practical (8) Navigation by radio aids; test in navigating aircraft by— (9) Pilotage and map reading; and (1) Dead reckoning; (10) Interpretation of navigation aid (2) Celestial means; and identification signals. (3) Radio aids to navigation.

(b) A report of the test is mailed to (b) An applicant must pass the writ- the applicant. Except as provided in ten test prescribed by § 63.53 before tak- paragraph (c) of this section, a passing ing the test under this section. How- grade is evidence, for a period of 24 cal- ever, if a delay in taking the test under endar months after the test, that the this section would inconvenience the applicant has complied with this sec- applicant or an air carrier, he may tion. take it before he receives the result of

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) § 63.59

the written test, or after he has failed the written test.

(c) The test requirements for this A PPENDIX A TO P ART 63—T EST R EQUIRE - section are set forth in appendix A of MENTS FOR F LIGHT N AVIGATOR C ER- this part. TIFICATE [Docket 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, 1962, as (a) Demonstration of skill. An applicant will amended by Amdt. 63–19, 43 FR 22639, May 25, be required to pass practical tests on the pre- 1978] scribed subjects. These tests may be given by FAA inspectors and designated flight navi- § 63.59 Retesting after failure. gator examiners.

(b) The examination. The practical exam- (a) An applicant for a flight navi- ination consists of a ground test and a flight gator certificate who fails a written or test as itemized on the examination check practical test for that certificate may sheet. Each item must be completed satisfac- apply for retesting— torily in order for the applicant to obtain a passing grade. Items 5, 6, 7 of the ground test (1) After 30 days after the date he may be completed orally, and items 17, 22, 23, failed that test; or 34, 36, 37, 38, and 39 of the flight test may be (2) Before the 30 days have expired if completed by an oral examination when a the applicant presents a signed state- lack of ground facilities or navigation equip- ment from a certificated flight navi- ment makes such procedure necessary. In gator, certificated ground instructor, these cases a notation to that effect shall be or any other qualified person approved made in the ‘‘Remarks’’ space on the check by the Administrator, certifying that sheet.

that person has given the applicant ad- (c) Examination procedure. (1) An applicant will provide an aircraft in which celestial ob- ditional instruction in each of the sub- servations can be taken in all directions.

jects failed and that person considers Minimum equipment shall include a table for the applicant ready for retesting.

plotting, a drift meter or absolute altimeter, (b) A statement from a certificated an instrument for taking visual bearings, flight navigator, or from an operations and a radio direction finder.

official of an approved navigator (2) More than one flight may be used to course, is acceptable, for the purposes complete the flight test and any type of flight pattern may be used. The test will be of paragraph (a)(2) of this section, for conducted chiefly over water whenever prac- the written test and for the flight test.

ticable, and without regard to radio range A statement from a person approved by legs or radials. If the test is conducted chief- the Administrator is acceptable for the ly over land, a chart should be used which written tests. A statement from a su- shows very little or no topographical and pervising or check navigator with the aeronautical data. The total flight time will United States Armed Forces is accept- cover a period of at least four hours. Only one applicant may be examined at one time, able for the written test and for the and no applicant may perform other than practical test.

navigator duties during the examination.

(c) If the applicant failed the flight (3) When the test is conducted with an air- test, the additional instruction must craft belonging to an air carrier, the naviga- have been administered in flight.

tion procedures should conform with those set forth in the carrier’s operations manual.

[Docket 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, 1962, as Items of the flight test which are not per- amended by Amdt. 63–19, 43 FR 22640, May 25, formed during the routine navigation of the 1978] flight will be completed by oral examination after the flight or at times during flight § 63.61 Flight navigator courses.

which the applicant indicates may be used An applicant for approval of a flight for tests on those items. Since in-flight weather conditions, the reliability of the navigator course must submit a letter weather forecast, and the stability of the air- to the Administrator requesting ap- craft will have considerable effect on an ap- proval, and must also submit three plicant’s performance, good judgment must copies of the course outline, a descrip- be used by the agent or examiner in evalu- tion of his facilities and equipment, ating the tests.

and a list of the instructors and their (d) Ground test. For the ground test, in the qualifications. Requirements for the order of the numbered items on the examina- course are set forth in appendix B to tion check sheet, an applicant will be re- this part. quired to:

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT Pt. 63, App. A

(1) Identify without a star identifier, at (9) Recite the navigator’s duties and sta- least six navigational stars and all planets tions during emergencies for the type of air- available for navigation at the time of the craft used for the test.

examination and explain the method of iden- (10) Demonstrate the proper use of a flux tification. gate compass or gyrosyn compass (when (2) Identify two additional stars with a star available), with special emphasis on the cag- identifier or sky diagrams and explain iden- ing methods and the location of switches, tification procedure. circuit breakers, and fuses. If these com- (3) Precompute a time-altitude curve for a passes are not part of the aircraft’s equip- period of about 20 minutes and take 10 single ment, an oral examination will be given.

observations of a celestial body which is ris- (11) Be accurate and use good judgment ing or setting rapidly. The intervals between when setting and altering headings. Erro- observations should be at least one minute.

neous application of variation, deviation, or Mark each observation on the graph to show drift correction, or incorrect measurement accuracy. All observations, after corrections, of course on the chart will be graded as un- shall plot within 8 minutes of arc from the satisfactory.

time-altitude curve, and the average error (12) Demonstrate or explain the use of shall not exceed 5 minutes of arc.

characteristics of various chart projections (4) Take and plot one 3-star fix and 3 LOP’s used in long-range air navigation, including of the sun. Plotted fix or an average of LOP’s the plotting of courses and bearings, and the must fall within 5 miles of the actual posi- measuring of distances.

tion of the observer. (13) Demonstrate ability to identify des- (5) Demonstrate or explain the compensa- ignated landmarks by the use of a sectional tion and swinging of a liquid-type magnetic or WAC chart.

compass.

(14) Use a computer with facility and accu- (6) Demonstrate or explain a method of racy for the computation of winds, drift cor- aligning one type of drift meter.

rection and drift angles, ground speeds, (7) Demonstrate or explain a method of ETA’s, fuel loads, etc.

aligning an astro-compass or periscopic sex- (15) Determine track, ground speed, and tant.

wind by the double drift method. When a (e) Flight test. For the flight test, in the drift meter is not part of the aircraft’s equip- order of the numbered items on the examina- ment, an oral examination on the use of the tion check sheet, an applicant will be re- drift meter and a double drift problem shall quired to: be completed.

(1) Demonstrate his ability to read weather (16) Determine ground speed and wind by symbols and interpret synoptic surface and the timing method with a drift meter. When upper air weather maps with particular em- a drift meter is not part of the aircraft’s phasis being placed on winds. equipment, an oral examination on the pro- (2) Prepare a flight plan by zones from the cedure and a problem shall be completed.

forecast winds or pressure data of an upper (17) Demonstrate the use of air plot for de- air chart and the operator’s data. termining wind between fixes and for plot- (3) Compute from the operator’s data the ting pressure lines of position when using predicted fuel consumption for each zone of pressure and absolute altimeter compari- the flight, including the alternate. sons.

(4) Determine the point-of-no-return for (18) Give ETA’s to well defined check the flight with all engines running and the points at least once each hour after the sec- equitime point with one engine inoperative.

ond hour of flight. The average error shall Graphical methods which are part of the not be more than 5 percent of the inter- company’s operations manual may be used vening time intervals, and the maximum for these computations.

error of any one ETA shall not be more than (5) Prepare a cruise control (howgozit) 10 percent.

chart from the operator’s data.

(19) Demonstrate knowledge and use of D/F (6) Enter actual fuel consumed on the equipment and radio facility information.

cruise control chart and interpret the vari- Grading on this item will be based largely on ations of the actual curve from the predicted the applicant’s selection of those radio aids curve. which will be of most value to his naviga- (7) Check the presence on board and oper- tion, the manner with which he uses equip- ating condition of all navigation equipment. ment, including filter box controls, and the Normally a check list will be used. This precision with which he reads bearings. The check will include a time tick or chronom- aircraft’s compass heading and all compass eter comparison. Any lack of thoroughness corrections must be considered for each bear- during this check will justify this item being ing.

graded unsatisfactory. (20) Use care in tuning to radio stations to (8) Locate emergency equipment, such as, insure maximum reception of signal and the nearest fire extinguisher, life preserver, check for interference signals. Receiver will life rafts, exits, axe, first aid kits, etc. be checked to ascertain that antenna and

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) Pt. 63, App. A

BFO (Voice-CW) switches are in correct posi- radio or visual fix whenever practicable.

tions. After allowing for the probable error of a (21) Identify at least three radio stations radio or visual fix, a celestial fix under fa- using International Morse code only for iden- vorable conditions should plot within 10 tification. The agent or examiner will tune miles of the actual position.

in these stations so that the applicant will (38) Select celestial bodies for observation, have no knowledge of the direction, distance, when possible, whose azimuths will differ by or frequency of the stations.

approximately 120 ° for a 3-body fix and will (22) Take at least one radio bearing by differ by approximately 90 ° for a 2-body fix.

manual use of the loop. The agent or exam- The altitudes of the selected bodies should be iner will check the applicant’s bearing by between 25 ° and 75 ° whenever practicable.

taking a manual bearing on the same station (39) Have POMAR and any other required immediately after the applicant.

reports ready for transmission at time of (23) Show the use of good judgment in eval- schedule, and be able to inform the pilot in uating radio bearings, and explain why cer- command promptly with regard to the air- tain bearings may be of doubtful value.

craft’s position and progress in comparison (24) Determine and apply correctly the cor- with the flight plan.

rection required to be made to radio bearings (40) Keep a log with sufficient legible en- before plotting them on a Mercator chart, tries to provide a record from which the and demonstrate the ability to plot bearings flight could be retraced.

accurately on charts of the Mercator and (41) Note significant weather changes Lambert conformal projections.

which might influence the drift or ground (25) Compute the compass heading, ETA, speed of the aircraft, such as, temperature, and fuel remaining if it is assumed that the ‘‘D’’ factors, frontal conditions, turbulence, flight would be diverted to an alternate air- etc.

port at a time specified by the agent or ex- (42) Determine the wind between fixes as a aminer.

regular practice.

(26)–(28) [Reserved] (43) Estimate the time required and aver- (29) Demonstrate the ability to properly age ground speed during a letdown, under operate and read an absolute altimeter.

conditions specified by the pilot in com- (30) Determine the ‘‘D’’ factors for a series mand.

of compared readings of an absolute altim- (44) Work with sufficient speed to deter- eter and a pressure altimeter.

mine the aircraft’s position hourly by celes- (31) Determine drift angle or lateral dis- tial means and also make all other observa- placement from the true headingline by ap- tions and records pertinent to the naviga- plication of Bellamy’s formula or a variation tion. The applicant should be able to take thereof.

the observation, compute, and plot a celes- (32) Interpret the altimeter comparison tial LOP within a time limit of 8 minutes; data with respect to the pressure system observe the absolute and pressure altimeters found at flight level. From this data evalu- and compute the drift or lateral displace- ate the accuracy of the prognostic weather ment within a time limit of 3 minutes.

map used for flight planning and apply this (45) Be accurate in reading instruments analysis to the navigation of the flight.

and making computations. Errors which are (33) Interpret single LOP’s for most prob- made and corrected without affecting the able position, and show how a series of single navigation will be disregarded unless they LOP’s of the same body may be used to indi- cause considerable loss of time.

cate the probable track and ground speed.

An uncorrected error in computation (in- Also, show how a series of single LOP’s (ce- cluding reading instruments and books) lestial or radio) from the same celestial body which will affect the reported position more or radio station may be used to determine than 25 miles, the heading more than 3 ° , or position when the change of azimuth or bear- any ETA more than 15 minutes will cause ing is 30 ° or more between observations.

this item to be graded unsatisfactory.

(34) Select one of the celestial LOP’s used (46) Be alert to changing weather or other during the flight and explain how to make a conditions during flight which might affect single line of position approach to a point se- the navigation. An applicant should not fail lected by the agent or examiner, giving head- to take celestial observations just prior to ings, times, and ETA’s.

(35) Demonstrate the proper use of an encountering a broken or overcast sky condi- astro-compass or periscopic sextant for tak- tion; and he should not fail to take a bearing ing bearings. on a radio station, which operates at sched- (36) Determine compass deviation as soon uled intervals and which would be a valuable as possible after reaching cruising altitude aid to the navigation.

and whenever there is a change of compass (47) Show a logical choice and sequence in heading of 15 ° or more. using the various navigation methods ac- (37) Take celestial fixes at hourly intervals cording to time and accuracy, and check the when conditions permit. The accuracy of positions determined by one method against these fixes shall be checked by means of a positions determined by other methods.

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT Pt. 63, App. B

(48) Use a logical sequence in performing Classroom Subject hours the various duties of a navigator and plan work according to a schedule. The more im- To include: portant duties should not be neglected for Basic weather principles.

others of less importance.

Temperature.

Pressure.

[Docket 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, 1962, as Winds.

amended by Docket FAA–2017–0733, Amdt. 63– Moisture in the atmosphere.

39, 82 FR 34398, July 25, 2017] Stability.

Clouds.

A PPENDIX B TO P ART 63—F LIGHT N AVI - Hazards.

GATOR T RAINING C OURSE R EQUIRE - Air masses.

MENTS Front weather.

Fog.

(a) Training course outline —(1) Format. The Thunderstorms.

ground course outline and the flight course Icing.

outline shall be combined in one looseleaf World weather and climate.

Weather maps and weather reports.

binder and shall include a table of contents, Forecasting.

divided into two parts—ground course and International Morse code: flight course. Each part of the table of con- Ability to receive code groups of letters and tents must contain a list of the major sub- numerals at a speed of eight words per jects, together with hours allotted to each minute subject and the total classroom and flight Navigation instruments (exclusive of radio and hours.

(2) Ground course outline. (i) It is not man- To include: datory that a course outline have the subject Compasses.

Pressure altimeters.

headings arranged exactly as listed in this Airspeed indicators.

paragraph. Any arrangement of general Driftmeters.

headings and subheadings will be satisfac- Bearing indicators.

tory provided all the subject material listed Aircraft octants.

here is included and the acceptable min- Instrument calibration and alignment.

imum number of hours is assigned to each subject. Each general subject shall be broken To include: down into detail showing items to be cov- Chart projections.

ered.

Chart symbols.

(ii) If any agency desires to include addi- Principles of pilotage.

tional subjects in the ground training cur- riculum, such as international law, flight hy- To include: giene, or others which are not required, the Air plot.

hours allotted these additional subjects may Ground plot.

not be included in the minimum classroom Calculation of ETA.

Vector analysis.

hours.

Use of computer.

(iii) The following subjects with classroom Search.

hours are considered the minimum coverage Absolute altimeter with: for a ground training course for flight navi- gators: To include: Principles of construction.

Classroom Subject hours Operating instructions.

Use of Bellamy’s formula.

Flight planning with single drift correc- To include Parts 63, 91, and 121 of this tion.

chapter.

To include: Principles of radio transmission and re- ception.

Radio aids to navigation.

Government publications.

Airborne D/F equipment.

Errors of radio bearings.

Quadrantal correction.

Plotting radio bearings.

ICAO Q code for direction finding.

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) Pt. 63, App. B

ratio in excess of 20 to 1 will be considered Classroom Subject hours unsatisfactory.

(2) At least one ground instructor must To include: hold a valid flight navigator certificate, and The solar system.

be utilized to coordinate instruction of The celestial sphere.

ground school subjects.

The astronomical triangle.

(3) Each instructor who conducts flight Theory of lines of position.

Use of the Air Almanac.

training must hold a valid flight navigator Time and its applications.

certificate.

Navigation tables.

(d) Revision of training course. (1) Requests Precomputation.

for revisions to course outlines, facilities, Celestial line of position approach.

and equipment shall follow procedures for Star identification.

Corrections to celestial observations. original approval of the course. Revisions Flight planning and cruise control ....................... 25 should be submitted in such form that an en- To include: tire page or pages of the approved outline The flight plan.

can be removed and replaced by the revi- Fuel consumption charts.

sions.

Methods of cruise control.

(2) The list of instructors may be revised at Flight progress chart.

any time without request for approval, pro- Point-of-no-return.

Equitime point. vided the minimum requirement of para- graph (e) of this section is maintained.

(e) Credit for previous training and experi- Total (exclusive of final examinations) .. 350 ence. (1) Credit may be granted by an oper- ator to students for previous training and ex- (3) Flight course outline. (i) A minimum of perience which is provable and comparable 150 hours of supervised flight training shall to portions of the approved curriculum.

be given, of which at least 50 hours of flight When granting such credit, the approved training must be given at night, and celes- course operator should be fully cognizant of tial navigation must be used during flights the fact that he is responsible for the pro- which total at least 125 hours.

ficiency of his graduates in accordance with (ii) A maximum of 50 hours of the required subdivision (i) of paragraph (3) of this sec- flight training may be obtained in accept- tion.

able types of synthetic flight navigator (2) Where advanced credit is allowed, the training devices.

operator shall evaluate the student’s pre- (iii) Flights should be at least four hours in vious training and experience in accordance length and should be conducted off civil air- with the normal practices of accredited tech- ways. Some training on long-range flights is nical schools. Before credit is given for any desirable, but is not required. There is no ground school subject or portion thereof, the limit to the number of students that may be student must pass an appropriate examina- trained on one flight, but at least one tion given by the operator. The results of the astrodrome or one periscopic sextant mount- examination, the basis for credit allowance, ing must be provided for each group of four and the hours credited shall be incorporated students.

as a part of the student’s records.

(iv) Training must be given in dead reck- (3) Credit up to a maximum of 50 hours to- oning, pilotage, radio navigation, celestial ward the flight training requirement may be navigation, and the use of the absolute al- given to pilots who have logged at least 500 timeter.

hours while a member of a flight crew which (b) Equipment. (1) Classroom equipment required a certificated flight navigator or shall include one table at least 24 ″ × 32 ″ in di- the Armed Forces equivalent. A similar cred- mensions for each student.

it may also be given to a licensed deck offi- (2) Aircraft suitable for the flight training cer of the Maritime Service who has served must be available to the approved course op- as such for at least one year on ocean-going erator to insure that the flight training may vessels. One-half of the flight time credited be completed without undue delay.

under the terms of this paragraph may be ap- The approved course operator may contract plied toward the 50 hours of flight training or obtain written agreements with aircraft required at night.

operators for the use of suitable aircraft. A (f) Students records and reports. Approval of copy of the contract or written agreement a course shall not be continued in effect un- with an aircraft operator shall be attached less the course operator keeps an accurate to each of the three copies of the course out- record of each student, including a chrono- line submitted for approval. In all cases, the logical log of all instruction, subjects cov- approved course operator is responsible for ered and course examinations and grades, the nature and quality of instruction given and unless he prepares and transmits to the during flight. responsible Flight Standards office not later (c) Instructors. (1) Sufficient classroom in- than January 31 of each year, a report con- structors must be available to prevent an ex- taining the following information for the cessive ratio of students to instructors. Any previous calendar year:

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT Pt. 63, App. C

(1) The names of all students graduated, responsible Flight Standards office at any together with their school grades for ground time within 60 days before to the expiration and flight subjects. date. Renewal of approval will depend upon (2) The names of all students failed or the course operator meeting the current con- dropped, together with their school grades ditions for approval and having a satisfac- and reasons for dropping.

tory record as an operator.

(g) Quality of instruction. Approval of a [Docket 1179, 27 FR 7970, Aug. 10, 1962, as course shall not be continued in effect unless amended by Amdt. 63–6, 31 FR 9211, July 6, at least 80 percent of the students who apply 1966; Amdt. 63–28, 54 FR 39291, Sept. 25, 1989; within 90 days after graduation are able to Docket FAA–2017–0733, Amdt. 63–39, 82 FR qualify on the first attempt for certification 34398, July 25, 2017; Docket FAA–2018–0119, as flight navigators.

Amdt. 63–40, 83 FR 9170, Mar. 5, 2018] (h) Statement of graduation. Each student who successfully completes an approved flight navigator course shall be given a A PPENDIX C TO P ART 63—F LIGHT E NGI - statement of graduation.

NEER T RAINING C OURSE R EQUIRE - (i) Inspections. Approved course operations MENTS will be inspected by authorized representa- tives of the Administrator as often as (a) Training course outline —(1) Format. The deemed necessary to insure that instruction ground course outline and the flight course is maintained at the required standards, but outline are independent. Each must be con- the period between inspections shall not ex- tained in a looseleaf binder to include a table ceed 12 months.

of contents. If an applicant desires approval (j) Change of ownership, name, or location — of both a ground school course and a flight (1) Change of ownership. Approval of a flight school course, they must be combined in one navigator course shall not be continued in looseleaf binder that includes a separate effect after the course has changed owner- table of contents for each course. Separate ship. The new owner must obtain a new ap- course outlines are required for each type of proval by following the procedure prescribed airplane.

for original approval.

(2) Ground course outline. (i) It is not man- (2) Change in name. An approved course datory that the subject headings be arranged changed in name but not changed in owner- exactly as listed in this paragraph. Any ar- ship shall remain valid if the change is re- rangement of subjects is satisfactory if all ported by the approved course operator to the subject material listed here is included the responsible Flight Standards office. A and at least the minimum programmed letter of approval under the new name will hours are assigned to each subject. Each gen- be issued by the responsible Flight Stand- eral subject must be broken down into detail ards office.

showing the items to be covered.

(3) Change in location. An approved course (ii) If any course operator desires to in- shall remain in effect even though the ap- clude additional subjects in the ground proved course operator changes location if course curriculum, such as international the change is reported without delay by the law, flight hygiene, or others that are not re- operator to the responsible Flight Standards quired, the hours allotted these additional office, which will inspect the facilities to be subjects may not be included in the min- used. If they are found to be adequate, a let- imum programmed classroom hours.

ter of approval showing the new location will (iii) The following subjects and classroom be issued by the responsible Flight Stand- hours are the minimum programmed cov- ards office.

erage for the initial approval of a ground (k) Cancellation of approval. (1) Failure to training course for flight engineers. Subse- meet or maintain any of the requirements quent to initial approval of a ground train- set forth in this section for the approval or ing course an applicant may apply to the Ad- operation of an approved flight navigator ministrator for a reduction in the pro- course shall be considered sufficient reason grammed hours. Approval of a reduction in for cancellation of the approval.

the approved programmed hours is based on (2) If an operator should desire voluntary improved training effectiveness due to im- cancellation of his approved course, he provements in methods, training aids, qual- should submit the effective letter of ap- ity of instruction, or any combination there- proval and a written request for cancellation of.

to the Administrator through the respon- sible Flight Standards office.

Classroom (l) Duration. The authority to operate an Subject hours approved flight navigator course shall expire 24 months after the last day of the month of issuance.

To include the regulations of this chapter (m) Renewal. Application for renewal of au- that apply to flight engineers

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) Pt. 63, App. C

SUBJECT Classroom Subject hours NORMAL DUTIES , PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS To include as appropriate: To include as appropriate: Specifications.

Construction features. Airplane preflight.

Flight controls.

Engine starting, power checks, pretakeoff, Hydraulic systems.

postlanding and shut-down procedures.

Pneumatic systems.

Power control.

Electrical systems.

Temperature control.

Anti-icing and de-icing systems.

Engine operation analysis.

Pressurization and air-conditioning sys- tems. Operation of all systems.

Vacuum systems.

Fuel management.

Pilot static systems.

Logbook entries.

Instrument systems.

Pressurization and air conditioning.

Fuel and oil systems.

Emergency equipment.

RECOGNITION AND CORRECTION OF IN - FLIGHT MALFUNCTIONS To include as appropriate: Specifications.

To include: Construction features.

Analysis of abnormal engine operation.

Lubrication.

Analysis of abnormal operation of all sys- Ignition.

tems.

Carburetor and induction, super- Corrective action.

charging and fuel control systems Accessories.

EMERGENCY OPERATIONS IN FLIGHT Propellers.

Instrumentation.

To include as appropriate: Emergency equipment.

Engine fire control.

To include as appropriate: Fuselage fire control.

Servicing methods and procedures.

Smoke control.

Operation of all the airplane systems.

Loss of power or pressure in each system.

Operation of all the engine systems.

Engine overspeed.

Loading and center of gravity computa- Fuel dumping.

tions.

Landing gear, spoilers, speed brakes, and Cruise control (normal, long range, flap extension and retraction.

maximum endurance) Power and fuel computation. Engine shut-down and restart.

Meteorology as applicable to engine Use of oxygen.

operation (iv) If the Administrator finds a simulator or flight engineer training device to accu- To include as appropriate: rately reproduce the design, function, and Landing gear, brakes, flaps, speed control characteristics, as pertaining to the brakes, and leading edge devices Pressurization and air-conditioning. duties and responsibilities of a flight engi- Portable fire extinguishers.

neer on the type of airplane to be flown, the Fuselage fire and smoke control.

flight training time may be reduced by a Loss of electrical power.

ratio of 1 hour of flight time to 2 hours of Engine fire control.

airplane simulator time, or 3 hours of flight Engine shut-down and restart.

engineer training device time, as the case Oxygen.

may be, subject to the following limitations: ( a ) Except as provided in subdivision ( b ) of this paragraph, the required flight instruc- The above subjects, except Theory of tion time in an airplane may not be less than Flight and Aerodynamics, and Regulations 5 hours.

must apply to the same type of airplane in ( b ) As to a flight engineer student holding which the student flight engineer is to re- at least a commercial pilot certificate with ceive flight training. an instrument rating, airplane simulator or (3) Flight Course Outline. (i) The flight a combination of airplane simulator and training curriculum must include at least 10 flight engineer training device time may be hours of flight instruction in an airplane submitted for up to all 10 hours of the re- specified in § 63.37(a). The flight time re- quired flight instruction time in an airplane.

quired for the practical test may not be cred- However, not more than 15 hours of flight en- ited as part of the required flight instruc- gineer training device time may be sub- tion. stituted for flight instruction time.

(ii) All of the flight training must be given (v) To obtain credit for flight training in the same type airplane. time, airplane simulator time, or flight engi- (iii) As appropriate to the airplane type, neer training device time, the student must the following subjects must be taught in the occupy the flight engineer station and oper- flight training course: ate the controls.

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT Pt. 63, App. C

(b) Classroom equipment. Classroom equip- results of the test, the basis for credit allow- ment should consist of systems and proce- ance, and the hours credited as part of the dural training devices, satisfactory to the student’s records.

Administrator, that duplicate the operation (g) Records and reports. (1) The course oper- of the systems of the airplane in which the ator must maintain, for at least two years student is to receive his flight training. after a student graduates, fails, or drops (c) Contracts or agreements. (1) An approved from a course, a record of the student’s flight engineer course operator may contract training, including a chronological log of the with other persons to obtain suitable air- subject course, attendance examinations, planes, airplane simulators, or other train- and grades.

ing devices or equipment.

(2) Except as provided in paragraph (3) of (2) An operator who is approved to conduct this section, the course operator must sub- both the flight engineer ground course and mit to the Administrator, not later than the flight engineer flight course may con- January 31 of each year, a report for the pre- tract with others to conduct one course or vious calendar year’s training, to include: the other in its entirety but may not con- (i) Name, enrollment and graduation date tract with others to conduct both courses for of each student; the same airplane type.

(ii) Ground school hours and grades of each (3) An operator who has approval to con- student; duct a flight engineer ground course or flight (iii) Flight, airplane simulator, flight engi- course for a type of airplane, but not both neer training device hours, and grades of courses, may not contract with another per- each student; and son to conduct that course in whole or in (iv) Names of students failed or dropped, part.

together with their school grades and rea- (4) An operator who contracts with another sons for dropping.

to conduct a flight engineer course may not (3) Upon request, the Administrator may authorize or permit the course to be con- waive the reporting requirements of para- ducted in whole or in part by a third person.

graph (2) of this section for an approved (5) In all cases, the course operator who is flight engineer course that is part of an ap- approved to operate the course is responsible proved training course under subpart N of for the nature and quality of the instruction part 121 of this chapter.

given.

(h) Quality of instruction. (1) Approval of a (6) A copy of each contract authorized ground course is discontinued whenever less under this paragraph must be attached to than 80 percent of the students pass the FAA each of the 3 copies of the course outline sub- written test on the first attempt.

mitted for approval.

(2) Approval of a flight course is discon- (d) Instructors. (1) Only certificated flight tinued whenever less than 80 percent of the engineers may give the flight instruction re- students pass the FAA practical test on the quired by this appendix in an airplane, simu- first attempt.

lator, or flight engineer training device.

(3) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2) (2) There must be a sufficient number of of this section, approval of a ground or flight qualified instructors available to prevent an course may be continued when the Adminis- excess ratio of students to instructors.

trator finds— (e) Revisions. (1) Requests for revisions of (i) That the failure rate was based on less the course outlines, facilities or equipment than a representative number of students; or must follow the procedures for original ap- (ii) That the course operator has taken sat- proval of the course. Revisions must be sub- isfactory means to improve the effectiveness mitted in such form that an entire page or of the training.

pages of the approved outline can be removed (i) Time limitation. Each student must apply and replaced by the revisions.

(2) The list of instructors may be revised at for the written test and the flight test within any time without request for approval, if the 90 days after completing the ground school requirements of paragraph (d) of this appen- course.

dix are maintained. (j) Statement of course completion. (1) The (f) Ground school credits. (1) Credit may be course operator shall give to each student granted a student in the ground school who successfully completes an approved course by the course operator for comparable flight engineer ground school training previous training or experience that the stu- course, and passes the FAA written test, a dent can show by written evidence: however, statement of successful completion of the the course operator must still meet the qual- course that indicates the date of training, ity of instruction as described in paragraph the type of airplane on which the ground (h) of this appendix. course training was based, and the number of (2) Before credit for previous training or hours received in the ground school course.

experience may be given, the student must (2) The course operator shall give each stu- pass a test given by the course operator on dent who successfully completes an approved the subject for which the credit is to be flight engineer flight course, and passed the given. The course operator shall incorporate FAA practical test, a statement of successful

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–25 Edition) Pt. 65

completion of the flight course that indi- (2) Application for renewal may be made to cates the dates of the training, the type of the Administrator at any time after 60 days airplane used in the flight course, and the before the termination date.

number of hours received in the flight (p) Course operator approvals. An applicant course. for approval of a flight engineer ground course, or flight course, or both, must meet (3) A course operator who is approved to all of the requirements of this appendix con- conduct both the ground course and the cerning application, approval, and con- flight course may include both courses in a tinuing approval of that course or courses.

single statement of course completion if the (q) Practical test eligibility. An applicant for provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) of this a flight engineer certificate and class rating section are included.

under the provisions of § 63.37(b)(6) is not eli- (4) The requirements of this paragraph do gible to take the practical test unless he has not apply to an air carrier or commercial op- successfully completed an approved flight erator with an approved training course engineer ground school course in the same under part 121 of this chapter providing the type of airplane for which he has completed student receives a flight engineer certificate an approved flight engineer flight course.

upon completion of that course.

(k) Inspections. Each course operator shall [Docket 6458, 30 FR 14560, Nov. 23, 1965, as allow the Administrator at any time or amended by Amdt. 63–15, 37 FR 9758, May 17, place, to make any inspection necessary to 1972] ensure that the quality and effectiveness of the instruction are maintained at the re-

PART 65—CERTIFICATION: AIRMEN

quired standards.

OTHER THAN FLIGHT CREW-

(l) Change of ownership, name, or location.

MEMBERS

(1) Approval of a flight engineer ground course or flight course is discontinued if the ownership of the course changes. The new S PECIAL F EDERAL A VIATION R EGULATION N O .

owner must obtain a new approval by fol- lowing the procedure prescribed for original approval.

Subpart A—General (2) Approval of a flight engineer ground Sec.

course or flight course does not terminate 65.1 Applicability.

upon a change in the name of the course that 65.3 Certification of foreign airmen other is reported to the Administrator within 30 than flight crewmembers.

days. The Administrator issues a new letter 65.11 Application and issue.

of approval, using the new name, upon re- 65.12 Offenses involving alcohol or drugs.

ceipt of notice within that time.

65.13 Temporary certificate.

(3) Approval of a flight engineer ground 65.14 [Reserved] course or flight course does not terminate 65.15 Duration of certificates.

upon a change in location of the course that 65.16 Change of name: Replacement of lost is reported to the Administrator within 30 or destroyed certificate.

days. The Administrator issues a new letter 65.17 Tests: General procedure.

of approval, showing the new location, upon 65.18 Written tests: Cheating or other unau- receipt of notice within that time, if he finds thorized conduct.

the new facilities to be adequate.

65.19 Retesting after failure.

(m) Cancellation of approval. (1) Failure to 65.20 Applications, certificates, logbooks, meet or maintain any of the requirements of reports, and records: Falsification repro- this appendix for the approval of a flight en- duction, or alteration.

gineer ground course or flight course is rea- 65.21 Change of address.

son for cancellation of the approval.

65.23 Incorporation by reference.

(2) If a course operator desires to volun- tarily terminate the course, he should notify Subpart B—Air Traffic Control Tower the Administrator in writing and return the Operators last letter of approval.

(n) Duration. Except for a course operated 65.31 Required credentials, certificates, and as part of an approved training course under ratings or qualifications.

subpart N of part 121 of this chapter, the ap- 65.33 Eligibility requirements: General.

proval to operate a flight engineer ground 65.35 Knowledge requirements.

course or flight course terminates 24 months 65.37 Skill requirements: Operating posi- after the last day of the month of issue.

tions.

(o) Renewal. (1) Renewal of approval to op- 65.39 Practical experience requirements: erate a flight engineer ground course or Facility rating.

flight course is conditioned upon the course 65.41 Skill requirements: Facility ratings.

operator’s meeting the requirements of this 65.43 [Reserved] appendix. 65.45 Performance of duties.