Pilot's Operating Handbook

enclosed checklist, stowed in the map compartment, is available for quickly checking that all important procedures have been performed. Since vigilance for other traffic is so important in crowded terminal areas, it is important that preoccupation with checklists be avoided in flight. Procedures should be carefully memorized and performed from memory. Then the checklist should be quickly scanned to ensure that nothing has been missed. The flight and operational characteristics of your aircraft are normal in all respects. There are no "unconventional" characteristics or opera- tions that need to be mastered. All controls respond in the normal way within the entire range of operation. All airspeeds mentioned in Sections I, II and III are indicated airspeeds. Corresponding calibrated airspeed may be obtained from the Airspeed Correction Table in Section VI. 1-1 8 EXTERIOR 1-2 5 Refer to inside back cover of this manual for quantities, materials, and specifications | of frequently used service items. 7 4 3 INSPECTION 2 Note Visually check aircraft for general condition during walk- around inspection. In cold weather, remove even small accumulations of frost, ice or snow from wing, tail and control surfaces. Also, make sure that control surfaces contain no internal accumulations of ice or debris. If night flight is planned, check operation of all lights, and make sure a flashlight is available. a. Remove control wheel lock. b. Check ignition switch OFF. c. Turn on master switch and check fuel quantity indicators; then turn off master switch. öö d. e. Check fuel selector valve handle on BOTH. Check baggage door for security. Lock with key if children are to occupy child's seat. Figure 2 3 4 (5) 6 a. döv b. c. a. રે a. b. C. d. a.. b. C. d. e. Remove rudder gust lock, if installed. Disconnect tail tie-down. Check control surfaces for freedom of movement and security. Check aileron for freedom of movement and security. Disconnect wing tie-down. Check main wheel tire for proper inflation. Before first flight of the day and after each refueling, use sampler cup and drain small quantity of fuel from fuel tank sump quick-drain valve to check for water, sediment, and proper fuel grade. Visually check fuel quantity; then check fuel filler cap secure. Check oil level. Do not operate with less than six quarts. Fill to eight quarts for extended flights. Before first flight of the day and after each refueling, pull out strainer drain knob for about four seconds to clear fuel strainer of possible water and sediment. Check strainer drain closed. If water is observed, the fuel system may contain additional water, and further draining of the system at the strainer, fuel tank sumps, and fuel selector valve drain plug will be necessary. Check propeller and spinner for nicks and security. Check landing light(s) for condition and cleanliness. Check carburetor air filter for restrictions by dust or other foreign matter. f. Check nose wheel strut and tire for proper inflation. Disconnect tie-down rope. g. 00€ h. Inspect flight instrument static source opening on side of fuselage for stoppage (left side only). a. Check main wheel tire for proper inflation. b. C. 7 a. (8) 1-1. Before first flight of the day and after each refueling, use sampler cup and drain small quantity of fuel from fuel tank sump quick-drain valve to check for water, sediment, and proper fuel grade. Visually check fuel quantity, then check fuel filler cap secure. Remove pitot tube cover, if installed, and check pitot tube opening for stoppage. b. Check fuel tank vent opening for stoppage. 238 c. d. a. Check stall warning vent opening for stoppage. Disconnect wing tie-down. Check aileron for freedom of movement and security. 1-3 BEFORE STARTING ENGINE. (1) Exterior Preflight -- COMPLETE. (2) Seats, Belts, Shoulder Harnesses (3) Fuel Selector Valve -- · BOTH. (4) Radios, Autopilot, Electrical Equipment (5) Brakes TEST and SET. ADJUST and LOCK. OFF. STARTING ENGINE. (1) Mixture RICH. (2) Carburetor Heat (3) Master Switch -- Q COLD. ON. (4) Prime AS REQUIRED (2 to 6 strokes; none if engine is warm). (5) Throttle OPEN 1/8 INCH. -- (6) Propeller Area -- CLEAR. (7) Ignition Switch (8) Oil Pressure -- START (release when engine starts). CHECK. BEFORE TAKE-OFF. (1) Parking Brake -- SET. (2) Cabin Doors and Window (3) Flight Controls (4) Elevator Trim -- -- -- CLOSED and LOCKED. FREE and CORRECT. TAKE-OFF. (5) Fuel Selector Valve www BOTH. (6) Mixture RICH (below 3000 ft.). Throttle 1700 RPM. (7) a. b. C. Magnetos -- CHECK (RPM drop should not exceed 125 RPM on either magneto or 50 RPM differential between magnetos). Carburetor Heat CHECK (for RPM drop). -- -- Engine Instruments and Ammeter CHECK. 1-4 d. Suction Gage --- CHECK. (8) Flight Instruments and Radios · (9) Optional Autopilot -- OFF. -- SET. (10) Throttle Friction Lock ADJUST. (11) Wing Flaps -- UP. TAKE-OFF. NORMAL TAKE-OFF. (1) Wing Flaps · UP. (2) Carburetor Heat -- COLD. (3) Throttle FULL. (4) Elevator Control LIFT NOSE WHEEL (at 60 MPH). (5) Climb Speed 75 to 85 MPH. MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE TAKE-OFF. (1) Wing Flaps - UP. -- COLD. -- APPLY. (2) Carburetor Heat (3) Brakes (4) Throttle FULL. (5) Brakes RELEASE. -- SLIGHTLY TAIL LOW. (6) Airplane Attitude (7) Climb Speed 68 MPH (until all obstacles are cleared). ENROUTE CLIMB. (1) Airspeed -- 80 to 90 MPH. NOTE If a maximum performance climb is necessary, use speeds shown in the Maximum Rate-Of-Climb Data chart in Section VI. (2) Throttle (3) Mixture -- FULL. -- CRUISE. FULL RICH (mixture may be leaned above 3000 feet). (1) Power -- 2200 to 2700 RPM (no more than 75%). (2) Elevator Trim ADJUST. (3) Mixture -- LEAN. 1-5 LET-DOWN. (1) Mixture (2) Power -- RICH. AS DESIRED. (3) Carburetor Heat WW AS REQUIRED (to prevent carburetor icing). BEFORE LANDING. (1) Fuel Selector Valve (2) Mixture RICH. (3) Carburetor Heat -- -- BOTH. ON (apply full heat before closing throttle). (4) Airspeed -- 70-80 MPH (flaps UP). (5) Wing Flaps -- AS DESIRED. (6) Airspeed -- 65 - 75 MPH (flaps DOWN). BALKED LANDING. (2) Carburetor Heat - (1) Throttle - FULL. COLD. (3) Wing Flaps -- 20°. (4) Airspeed 65 MPH. (5) Wing Flaps -- RETRACT (slowly). NORMAL LANDING. -- (1) Touchdown (2) Landing Roll (3) Braking -- MAIN WHEELS FIRST. -- LOWER NOSE WHEEL GENTLY. MINIMUM REQUIRED. AFTER LANDING. 1-6 (1) Wing Flaps -- UP. (2) Carburetor Heat COLD. SECURING AIRCRAFT. (1) Parking Brake -- SET. -- (2) Radios, Electrical Equipment, Autopilot (3) Mixture IDLE CUT-OFF (pulled full out). (4) Ignition Switch -- OFF. 2 (5) Master Switch OFF. INSTALL. (6) Control Lock -- OFF. 1-7 1-8 INSTRUMENT PANEL 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 30 32 1. Clock (Opt.) 2. Aircraft Registration Number 3. Flight Instrument Group 4. Suction Gage (Opt.) 5. Marker Beacon Indicator Lights and Switches (Opt.) 6. Altimeter, Vertical Speed Indicator (Opt.) and Tachometer 7. No. 2 LOC Reversed Indicator Light (Opt.) 8. No. 1 LOC Reversed Indicator Light (Opt.) 9. Omni Course Indicators (Opt.) 10. ADF Bearing Indicator (Opt.) 11. Magnetic Compass 12. Radio Selector Switches (Opt.) 13. Rear View Mirror (Opt.) 14. Radios and Transponder (Opt.) 15. Autopilot Control Unit (Opt.) 16. Fuel and Oil Gages .31 17. Over-Voltage Warning Light 18. Ammeter 19. Optional Instrument Space 20. ADF (Opt.) 21. Optional Radio Space 22. Map Compartment 23. Wing Flap Position Indicator 24. Cigar Lighter 25. Cabin Air/Heat Control Knobs 26. Wing Flap Switch 27. Static Pressure Alternate Source Valve (Opt.) 28. Mixture Control Knob 29. Throttle 30. Microphone (Opt.) 31. Fuel Selector Valve Handle 32. Mevator Trim Control Wheel 33. Carburetor Heat Control Knob 34. Electrical Switches 35. Circuit Breakers 38. Parking Brake Handle 37. Optional Instrument Space 38. Ignition Switch 39. Instrument and Radio Dial Light Rheostats 40. Master Switch 41. Auxiliary Mike and Phone Jacks (Opt.) 42. Primer Figure 2-1. Section II DESCRIPTION AND OPERATING DETAILS The following paragraphs describe the systems and equipment whose function and operation is not obvious when sitting in the aircraft. This section also covers in somewhat greater detail some of the items listed in Checklist form in Section I that require further explanation. FUEL SYSTEM. Fuel is supplied to the engine from two tanks, one in each wing. With the fuel selector valve on BOTH, the total usable fuel for all flight conditions is 38 gallons for the standard tanks. Fuel from each wing tank flows by gravity to a selector valve. De- pending upon the setting of the selector valve, fuel from the left, right, or both tanks flows through a fuel strainer and carburetor to the engine induction system. The fuel selector valve should be in the BOTH position for take-off, climb, landing, and maneuvers that involve prolonged slips or skids. Operation from either LEFT or RIGHT tank is reserved for cruising flight. NOTE With low fuel (1/8th tank or less), a prolonged steep de- scent (1500 feet or more) with partial power, full flaps, and 80 MPH or greater should be avoided due to the pos- sibility of the fuel tank outlets being uncovered, causing temporary fuel starvation. If starvation occurs, leveling the nose should restore power within 20 seconds. NOTE When the fuel selector valve handle is in the BOTH po- sition in cruising flight, unequal fuel flow from each 2-1